scholarly journals Vesicular secretion of auxin

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek Baluska ◽  
Markus Schlicht ◽  
Dieter Volkmann ◽  
Stefano Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Vesicular Secretion

scholarly journals Modulation of RAB7A Protein Expression Determines Resistance to Cisplatin through Late Endocytic Pathway Impairment and Extracellular Vesicular Secretion

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora Guerra ◽  
Aurora Paiano ◽  
Danilo Migoni ◽  
Giulia Girolimetti ◽  
Anna Myriam Perrone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Endocytic Pathway ◽  
Endocytic Trafficking ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Intracellular Accumulation ◽  
Human Patient ◽  
First Time ◽  
Vesicular Secretion

Background: Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used in treatment of cancer, yet patients often develop resistance with consequent therapeutical failure. In CDDP-resistant cells alterations of endocytosis and lysosomal functionality have been revealed, although their causes and contribution to therapy response are unclear. Methods: We investigated the role of RAB7A, a key regulator of late endocytic trafficking, in CDDP-resistance by comparing resistant and sensitive cells using western blotting, confocal microscopy and real time PCR. Modulation of RAB7A expression was performed by transfection and RNA interference, while CDDP sensitivity and intracellular accumulation were evaluated by viability assays and chemical approaches, respectively. Also extracellular vesicles were purified and analyzed. Finally, correlations between RAB7A and chemotherapy response was investigated in human patient samples. Results: We demonstrated that down-regulation of RAB7A characterizes the chemoresistant phenotype, and that RAB7A depletion increases CDDP-resistance while RAB7A overexpression decreases it. In addition, increased production of extracellular vesicles is modulated by RAB7A expression levels and correlates with reduction of CDDP intracellular accumulation. Conclusions: We demonstrated, for the first time, that RAB7A regulates CDDP resistance determining alterations in late endocytic trafficking and drug efflux through extracellular vesicles.

scholarly journals BOAR VESICULAR SECRETION PROTEINS: FURTHER COMPARISONS WITH SEMINAL PLASMA PROTEINS

Reproduction ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. BOURSNELL ◽  
P. A. BRIGGS ◽  
D. M. COLE
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Seminal Plasma Proteins ◽  
Vesicular Secretion

The development of the tail and the excretory system in the cercaria of Cryptocotyle lingua (Creplin) (Digenea: Heterophyidae from Littorina Littorea (L.))

1977 ◽  
Vol 195 (1121) ◽  
pp. 425-452 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Cell ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Single Type ◽  
Free Swimming ◽  
Wound Area ◽  
Basement Lamina ◽  
Second Intermediate Host ◽  
Separate System ◽  
Vesicular Secretion

The tail of the cercaria of Cryptocotyle lingua develops within the redia (intraredial stage) the process being completed in the molluscan haemocoel (intramolluscan stage). During growth epidermal cell bodies are carried into the proximal region of the tail while the single type of epidermal (secretory) cell body, containing two types of secretions develops later in the same region. The vesicular secretion bodies disperse throughout the outer cytoplasmic epidermis while the clear secretion bodies collect between the inner plasma membrane of the outer cytoplasmic epidermis and the basement lamina, near the tail root, forming the proximal caudal dilation. The epidermal and epidermal (secretory) cell bodies soon degenerate. The longitudinal caudal muscles, at first similar to and continuous with those of the body, gradually develop into the separate system of striated caudal muscles characteristic of the free swimming cercaria. The nuclei of most of the muscle cells degenerate before emer­gence of the cercaria. A secondary excretory pore is formed at the posterior end of the body, in the intraredial cercaria, the caudal excretory vessel and primary pores subsequently degenerating. The tail is shed when the cercaria contacts the fish second intermediate host. The mechanical break at the body–tail junction is caused by the movement of the tail against the resistance of the fixed body. The resulting ‘wound area’ on the body, at first enclosed in the caudal pocket, is soon covered by a layer of outer cytoplasmic epidermis.

scholarly journals EDTA Inhibits Biofilm Formation, Extracellular Vesicular Secretion, and Shedding of the Capsular Polysaccharide Glucuronoxylomannan by Cryptococcus neoformans

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (22) ◽  
pp. 7977-7984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma J. Robertson ◽  
Julie M. Wolf ◽  
Arturo Casadevall
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharide ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Biofilm Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations ◽  
Vesicular Secretion

ABSTRACTThe fungal pathogenCryptococcus neoformanscan grow as a biofilm on a range of synthetic and prosthetic materials. Cryptococcal biofilm formation can complicate the placement of shunts used to relieve increased intracranial pressure in cryptococcal meningitis and can serve as a nidus for chronic infection. Biofilms are generally advantageous to pathogensin vivo, as they can confer resistance to antimicrobial compounds, including fluconazole and voriconazole in the case ofC. neoformans. EDTA can inhibit biofilm formation by several microbes and enhances the susceptibility of biofilms to antifungal drugs. In this study, we evaluated the effect of sublethal concentrations of EDTA on the growth of cryptococcal biofilms. EDTA inhibited biofilm growth byC. neoformans, and the inhibition could be reversed by the addition of magnesium or calcium, implying that the inhibitory effect was by divalent cation starvation. EDTA also reduced the amount of the capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan shed into the biofilm matrix and decreased vesicular secretion from the cell, thus providing a potential mechanism for the inhibitory effect of this cation-chelating compound. Our data imply that the growth ofC. neoformansbiofilms requires the presence of divalent metals in the growth medium and suggest that cations are required for the export of materials needed for biofilm formation, possibly including extracellular vesicles.

THE COMPOSITION OF THE STALLION'S SEMEN

1956 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
T. MANN ◽  
E. LEONE ◽  
C. POLGE
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Seminal Plasma ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Quantitative Indication ◽  
Final Composition ◽  
Vesicular Secretion

SUMMARY The composition of the semen of the stallion was studied by microscopic and chemical methods and the extent of fluctuations in the same animal has been determined. Two characteristic constituents of the seminal plasma of the horse, ergothioneine and citric acid, have been shown to originate in the ampullae and seminal vesicles respectively. With the aid of chemical methods for the analysis of semen it has been possible to obtain a general quantitative indication of the contribution of the ampullar and vesicular secretions towards the final composition of normal stallion ejaculates. By the method of fractionate collection of semen, an attempt was made to determine the sequence with which the different portions of the semen of the stallion are ejaculated. It has been demonstrated that the sperm-containing fraction is rich in ergothioneine but not in citric acid, and that it is followed by a post-sperm fraction, which has a high content of citric acid and consists mainly of the vesicular secretion. The seminal characteristics of the jackass have been shown to resemble those of the stallion.

Selective re-routing of prion protein to proteasomes and alteration of its vesicular secretion prevent PrPScformation

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 1516-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilaria Filesi ◽  
Alessio Cardinale ◽  
Sonia Mattei ◽  
Silvia Biocca
Keyword(s):  
Prion Protein ◽  
Vesicular Secretion

scholarly journals Phospholipase Dζ2 Drives Vesicular Secretion of Auxin for Its Polar Cell-Cell Transport in the Transition Zone of the Root Apex

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Mancuso ◽  
Anna Maria Marras ◽  
Sergio Mugnai ◽  
Markus Schlicht ◽  
Viktor Žárský ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Zone ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Cell Transport ◽  
Polar Cell ◽  
Vesicular Secretion ◽  
Cell Cell

A cytological study of the oat coleoptile

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
AB Wardrop ◽  
RC Foster
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cytological Study ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Extension Growth ◽  
Extension Phase ◽  
Dark Light ◽  
Wall Formation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cytoplasmic Organization ◽  
Vesicular Secretion

A study has been made of the cytoplasmic organization of epidermal and sub- epidermal parenchyma of oat coleoptiles both before and after the onset of extension growth. In the youngest cells studied (coleoptiles 0.5 mm long) the epidermal parenchyma was characterized by large stellate vacuoles and by the secretion of vesicles through the plasmalemma into the external periclinal cell wall. Vesicular secretion was not observed in the anticlinal walls or into the walls of subepidermal parenchyma. The subepidermal parenchyma was characterized by the presence of numerous thick-walled vacuolar structures and plastids rich in starch. In the extension phase (coleoptiles > 10 mm long) vesicular secretion was not observed, starch was absent from the plastids, and the cells contained large vacuoles with only a thin peripheral zone of cytoplasm. During the later stages of this phase the plasmalemma appeared to consist of two darkly stained membranes separated by a light zone, or of elaborations of this structure, e.g. dark, light, dark, light, dark. By contrast, in the pre-extension phase the plasmalemma appeared as a single membrane. The implications of these observations are discussed in relation to the process of wall formation.

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