Seed colour and linolenic acid effects on agronomic traits in flax

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Saeidi ◽  
G. G. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Field Emergence

Solin flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an edible-oil crop that must have less than 5% linolenic acid in its seed oil and a yellow seed coat. Seed vigour of solin is often lower than that of brown-seeded linseed flax and this lower seed vigour has been associated with both seed colour and linolenic acid levels. To evaluate the agronomic affect of this relationship, paired near-iso-genic populations of flax differing in seed coat colour and linolenic acid concentration were selected from different crosses and sown in field trials at the Kernen Crop Research Farm, University of Saskatchewan in 1995 and 1996. Seed with brown seed coat colour had higher field emergence and seed yield than yellow-seeded types. However, emergence differences did not contribute to this seed yield variation. Maturity was not affected by seed colour but yellow seed had greater seed oil concentration and mechanical seed coat damage than brown seed. Low linolenic acid seed (2%), compared with high linolenic seed (50%), had lower field emergence in 1995, were later maturing and had higher seed yield. Linolenic acid concentration had no significant effect on oil concentration and seed damage from mechanical harvesting. Solin types had lower field emergence than industrial oil types. There was no difference for seed yield, oil concentration and seed weight between solin and industrial oil types. Solin seed was slightly later maturing and had greater seed coat damage than industrial seed in some genetic backgrounds. Key words: Seed colour, linolenic acid, emergence, seed damage, flax

The effect of temperature, seed colour and linolenic acid concentration on germination and seed vigour in flax

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Saeidi ◽  
G. G. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Low Linolenic Acid ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Low Linolenic

In Canada, the edible-oil type of flax (Linum usitatissimum) known as solin must have a linolenic acid concentration of less than 5% and a yellow seed colour. The yellow seed distinguishes solin from regular, high-linolenic acid linseed flax. Both altered fatty acid ratios and seed colour can have a negative impact on seed germination. The effects of temperature, seed colour and seed linolenic acid concentration on germination and seed vigour were studied in four populations that were near-isogenic for seed colour and linolenic acid level. For all populations, a germination temperature of 5 °C resulted in a significantly lower germination than at 10 or 15 °C. With one exception at 5 °C, where yellow seed had a greater germination than brown seed, there was no difference in germination frequency between brown and yellow seed. Also, there was no difference in germination between low and high linolenic acid seed with the exception of one population where low linolenic acid seeds had lower germination at 5 °C. In vigour tests however, yellow seed had lower seed vigour than brown seed in all populations. Low linolenic acid seeds had lower seed vigour than high linolenic acid seed in one population. Selection for seed vigour is essential in the breeding of solin varieties. Key words: Seed colour, linolenic acid, germination, seed vigour, flax

Verification of Soybean Seed Coat Colour Specific Markers Reveals I Loci Specific Markers Capable for Distinguishing Genotypes Differing in Seed Coated Colour

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Shingare ◽  
V. P. Chimote ◽  
M. P. Deshmukh ◽  
T. J. Bhor ◽  
A. A. Kale
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Seed Coat Colour ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Black Seed ◽  
Soybean Seed Coat ◽  
Yellow Seed Coat

Background: In soybean yellow seed coat is preferred in the market, however, colored ones are currently gaining attention because of their medicinal and nutritive values; besides. Hence it is essential to breed varieties with desired seed coat colour. Methods: Twelve genotypes with six each having yellow and black seed coats were screened with fourteen primers linked to seed coat colour governing loci. Result: Out of them twelve primers showed polymorphism. Monomorphism was observed with both T loci specific and two of the three R loci specific primers. However I locus specific primers i.e. SM303, SM305 and TR showed polymorphism shared by their seed coat color. SM303 amplified a 180 bp sized band in yellow seed coated genotypes and a 130 bp band in black seed coated genotypes. SM305 amplified dual bands with a 200bp band being monomorphic and an additional band (192-216 bp range) present in only yellow seed coated genotypes, of which a 208 bp band was shared by four yellow seed coated genotypes. Cold induced seed coat discoloration specific TR primer generated bands of different size ranges in yellow seed coated (336-344 bp) and black seed coated genotypes (300-320), of which a 340 bp band was shared by four yellow seed coated genotypes.

scholarly journals Association analysis for yield and related traits in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) under different environmental conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1176-1181
Author(s):  
Preeti Yadav ◽  
Sumit Deswal ◽  
Avtar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Vigour Index ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L

Sixteen diverse genotypes of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) were grown in five (E1 to E5) environments which were created by different date of sowing during the rabi seasons at the Vegetable Farm of CCS HAU, Hisar. (29°15ˈN, 75°69ˈE) during 2012-13. Observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants from each genotypes in each replications for characters viz. field emergence index, days to 50 % flowering, plant height, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, seed yield (q/ha), test weight, seed germination, seed vigour index-I and II. The estimation of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients (GCV and PCV) variation in all the environments was consistently decreasing with the delaying in sowing date for all the character studied except plant height and test weight indicating that the environmental influence was comparatively more pronounced for these characters in expressing the phenotypic performance of different genotypes. Highest GCV and PCV was estimated as 50.36 % and 55.93 %, respectively for seed vigour index-I in E1. High value of heritability estimated for characters seed yield, seed vigour index-II, seed germination and branches per plant (above 70 %) in E1 revealed that these were less influenced by environment and low heritability estimated for days to 50 % flowering in E2, plant height in E2, seeds per pod in E3, field emergence index in E5 indicated high influence of environment. Based on environmental indices, the environment E2 was most favourable for all the characters studied except field emergence index.

Identification of a major gene and RAPD markers for yellow seed coat colour in Brassica napus

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl J. Somers ◽  
Gerhard Rakow ◽  
Vinod K. Prabhu ◽  
Ken R.D. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Seed Coat Colour ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Yellow Seed Coat

scholarly journals Revealing Seed Coat Colour Variation and Their Possible Association with Seed Yield Parameters in Common Vetch (Vicia sativaL.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulgun Yildiz Tiryaki ◽  
Abdullah Cil ◽  
Iskender Tiryaki
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Seed Coat Colour ◽  
Colour Variation ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The seed coat colour variation of 70 common vetch genotypes were determined by using uniform colour scale(L⁎a⁎b⁎)and their possible correlation with seed yield parameters including the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, pod dimension, and seed yield (kg/da) was determined. The results revealed presence of highly significant (p<0.01) variations for both the seed yield and the seed coat colour parameters measured. The number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, and seed yield ranged from 5.8 to 16.03, from 5.2 to 7.66, and from 143.37 to 531.1, respectively. The lightness value varied from 19.00 to 40.28 while chromaticitya⁎andb⁎values ranged from −0.16 to 8.99 and from 0.79 to 22.11, respectively. The highest correlation coefficients were determined betweenb⁎andL⁎(r=0.73), anda⁎andL⁎(r=0.55). The seed coat colour traits and seed yield parameters generally showed weak negative correlations. Seed yellowness (b⁎) and seed yield had correlation coefficient of −0.25, while correlation betweenL⁎and seed yield was determined as −0.23. The results indicated that lightness and yellowness of seed coat may be used as an important parameter to prescreen high yield genotypes of common vetch.

INHERITANCE OF POST-HARVEST SEED DORMANCY AND KERNEL COLOUR IN SPRING WHEAT LINES

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gfeller ◽  
F. Svejda
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Duplicate Genes ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Seed Coat Colour ◽  
Colour Reaction ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Wheat Lines

The inheritance of post-harvest seed dormancy was studied in F7 lines of a cross between Renown—a dormant red spring wheat, and Cascade—a non-dormant white spring wheat. The estimate of heritability of seed dormancy was 73 per cent. The inheritance of seed coat colour was controlled by three pairs of duplicate genes. Red seed coat colour was found to be associated with seed dormancy. All lines with white seed coat colour were non-dormant. The moisture content of the seed was found to influence seed dormancy. Although moisture affected the dormancy status of the seed, other factors appeared to be involved as significant differences between lines of red seed coat colour were obtained at similar moisture levels. It is postulated that the degree of seed dormancy is controlled by the multiple genes which govern seed colour. The inheritance of phenol colour reaction of the seed was monogenic, and no association was found between seed dormancy and phenol colour reaction.

Repression of seed coat pigmentation in Ethiopian mustard

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Getinet ◽  
G. Rakow
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Brassica Species ◽  
Brassica Carinata ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Pigment Synthesis ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Repressor Gene ◽  
Colour Inheritance ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Light Yellow

The inheritance of seed colour in Brassica carinata A. Braun was investigated in backcross and F2 generations derived from two crosses between the brown seeded cultivar S-67 and two, true breeding, yellow seeded lines, PGRC/E 21164 and PGRC/E 21224 of the Plant Gene Resources Centre of Ethiopia. F1 seed was identical in colour to self-pollinated seed borne on the respective brown and yellow seeded parents indicating maternal control of seed colour in B. carinata. F1 plants of reciprocal crosses produced yellow seed that was somewhat darker than that of the yellow-seeded parent indicating incomplete dominance of yellow over brown. Backcross F1 plants, derived from the backcross to the brown parent, segregated brown and light yellow-brown/yellow seeded plants in a 1:1 ratio, while backcrosses to both yellow seeded parents produced only light yellow-brown/yellow seeded plants. The F2 generation segregated brown and light yellow-brown/yellow seeded plants in a 1:3 ratio. These results are in contrast to seed colour inheritance pattern observed in other Brassica species, where brown seed colour was fully or partially dominant over yellow. The apparent dominance of the absence of a gene product in yellow seed over its presence in brown seed, was explained by the presence of a dominant repressor gene (Rp) in yellow seed which inhibits the expression of seed coat pigment synthesis genes. The repressor gene is absent in brown seeded plants. The significance of this finding in relation to the development of yellow seeded lines in other Brassica species is discussed. Key words: Brassica carinata, seed colour inheritance, repressor

scholarly journals Identification of candidate genes for the seed coat colour change in a Brachypodium distachyon mutant induced by gamma radiation using whole-genome re-sequencing

Genome ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (7) ◽  
pp. 581-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Bo Lee ◽  
Dae Yeon Kim ◽  
Yong Weon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Brachypodium Distachyon ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Dna Polymorphisms ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Seed Coat Colour ◽  
Mutant Lines

Brachypodium distachyon has been proposed as a model plant for agriculturally important cereal crops such as wheat and barley. Seed coat colour change from brown–red to yellow was observed in a mutant line (142-3) of B. distachyon, which was induced by chronic gamma radiation. In addition, dwarf phenotypes were observed in each of the lines 142-3, 421-2, and 1376-1. To identify causal mutations for the seed coat colour change, the three mutant lines and the wild type were subjected to whole-genome re-sequencing. After removing natural variations, 906, 1057, and 978 DNA polymorphisms were detected in 142-3, 421-2, and 1376-1, respectively. A total of 13 high-risk DNA polymorphisms were identified in mutant 142-3. Based on a comparison with DNA polymorphisms in 421-2 and 1376-1, candidate causal mutations for the seed coat colour change in 142-3 were selected. In the two independent Arabidopsis thaliana lines carrying T-DNA insertions in the AtCHI, seed colour change was observed. We propose a frameshift mutation in BdCHI1 as a causal mutation responsible for seed colour change in 142-3. The DNA polymorphism information for these mutant lines can be utilized for functional genomics in B. distachyon and cereal crops.

The effect of autoclaving wilt nursery soil on emergence in flax

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-727
Author(s):  
G. Saeidi ◽  
G. G. Rowland
Keyword(s):  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Seed Colour ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L

Emergence of flax (Linum usitatissimum L) is affected by seed colour and seed linolenic acid concentration. The role of soil and soil microorganisms in this relationship was studied in near isogenic populations for seed colour and linolenic acid level. In growth chamber experiments, the emergence of flax from autoclaved soil was greater than from non-autoclaved soil. This effect was greater for yellow seed than brown seed. Seed with high (50%) levels of linolenic acid had greater emergence than seed with low (2%) levels of linolenic acid in both soil types. The protective effect of brown seed and high seed linolenic acid levels on emergence in flax was confirmed. Key words: Seed colour, linolenic acid, soil microorganisms, flax

Identification of a major gene and RAPD markers for yellow seed coat colour in Brassica napus

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl J Somers ◽  
Gerhard Rakow ◽  
Vinod K Prabhu ◽  
Ken RD Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Seed Coat Colour ◽  
Yellow Seed ◽  
Dh Population ◽  
Seed Trait ◽  
Yellow Seed Coat

The development of yellow-seeded Brassica napus for improving the canola-meal quality characteristics of lower fibre content and higher protein content has been restricted because no yellow-seeded forms of B. napus exist, and their conventional development requires interspecific introgression of yellow seed coat colour genes from related species. A doubled-haploid (DH) population derived from the F1 generation of the cross 'Apollo' (black-seeded) × YN90-1016 (yellow-seeded) B. napus was analysed via bulked segregant analysis to identify molecular markers associated with the yellow-seed trait in B. napus for future implementation in marker-assisted breeding. A single major gene (pigment 1) flanked by eight RAPD markers was identified co-segregating with the yellow seed coat colour trait in the population. This gene explained over 72% of the phenotypic variation in seed coat colour. Further analysis of the yellow-seeded portion of this DH population revealed two additional genes favouring 'Apollo' alleles, explaining 11 and 8.5%, respectively, of the yellow seed coat colour variation. The data suggested that there is a dominant, epistatic interaction between the pigment 1 locus and the two additional genes. The potential of the markers to be implemented in plant breeding for the yellow-seed trait in B. napus is discussed.Key words: Brassica napus, yellow seed, RAPD.

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