Yield and injury effects on vegetable crops planted in flumetsulam-treated soil

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O'Sullivan ◽  
R. J. Thomas ◽  
W. J. Bouw
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Carry Over

The effect of flumetsulam on several vegetable crops grown following soybean was investigated over a 4-yr period. Flumetsulam was applied preplant incorporated to soybean at 0, 70 and 140 g a.i. ha−1 from 1992 to 1994. In trials 1 yr after flumetsulam application, cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), and pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), showed visual injury symptoms and reduced yields in 1993, while only cabbage showed visual injury symptoms and reduced yields in 1994 and 1995. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) showed injury symptoms only in 1993 and had no yield reduction. Cabbage also showed visual injury and reduced yields 2 and 3 yr following a 1992 flumetsulam application. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) showed visual injury symptoms in 1995, 3 yr after flumetsulam application. Generally, crop tolerance decreased linearly as application dose increased from 0 to 140 g ha−1. Minor visual injury symptoms did not correspond with a reduced yield. Injury was most severe on sites with the lowest soil pH values. Based on these studies, effects of flumetsulam from normal use rates (70 g ha–1) will carry over to injure-sensitive crops like cabbage, in the rotation for up to 3 yr, especially in low pH soils (pH 6.1 or less). Otherwise, a 22-mo planting interval is adequate to protect other vegetable crops in the rotation from injury and yield reductions. Key words: Crop injury, herbicide carryover, flumetsulam, yield

Effect of imazethapyr and imazamox soil residues on several vegetable crops grown in Ontario

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O'Sullivan ◽  
R. J. Thomas ◽  
W. J. Bouw
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Carryover Effects ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides

Use of imidazolinone herbicides has often resulted in carryover effects on sensitive rotational crops. The effect of soil residues of imazethapyr and imazamox on several vegetable crops grown in rotation with soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) was investigated over a 5-yr period in southern Ontario. Imazethapyr at 0, 100 and 200 g a.i. ha–1 was applied preemergence to soybean from 1991 to 1993. Imazethapyr at 0 and 100 g a.i. ha−1 and imazamox at 35 g a.i. ha−1 was applied postemergence to soybean in 1994 and 1995. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), sweet corn (Zea mays L.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were planted each spring, 1 and 2 yr following preemergence imazethapyr application and 1 yr following postemergence imazethapyr and imazamox application. Potato and sweet corn showed visual injury symptoms 1 yr after preemergence imazethapyr application in 2 of 3 yr while cabbage, tomato and cucumber showed visual injury symptoms all 3 yr. Minor visual injury symptoms did not reduce yields. Cabbage was the most sensitive to imazethapyr soil residues. Cabbage yields were reduced in 2 of 3 yr, due to carryover residues from 100 and 200 g ha−1 of imazethapyr applied the previous year. Tomato and potato also showed yield reductions in 2 of 3 yr due to imazethapyr soil residues. The degree of injury and yield reduction was influenced by soil pH and soil moisture. There were no yield reductions for any crop 2 yr after imazethapyr application. Imazamox soil residues were less injurious than imazethapyr soil residues to vegetable crops grown in rotation and resulted in only minor visual injury symptoms and no yield reductions on tomato, potato or cabbage. Key words: Crop tolerance, yield, rotation, herbicide carryover

PERSISTENCE OF CHLORFENVINPHOS IN SOIL AND ITS UPTAKE BY SOME CROPS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
D. CHISHOLM
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Parent Compound ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Pesticide Application ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Field Plots

Chlorfenvinphos (diethyl 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-chlorovinyl phosphate) applied broadcast to field plots at 5.6 kg/ha a.i. (56 kg/ha Birlane 10G) 4 days prior to seeding resulted in traces of the parent compound in beets (Beta vulgaris L.), potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.), carrots (Daucus carota var. sativa DC.), parsnips (Pastinaca sativa L.), and rutabagas (Brassica napobrassica Mill.) at harvest. The α isomer was found in all crops except beets at ~ 0.01 ppm. The β isomer was found in all crops with carrots and parsnips containing 0.09 and 0.06 ppm, respectively. Chlorfenvinphos residue concentrations in treated soil declined ~ 73% during the 23-wk growing season following pesticide application, but trace residues were detected in the soil 4 yr after application.

Residual effects of ethametsulfuron on succeeding broadleaf crops

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 941-943
Author(s):  
D. A. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Potato Yields ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

The response of dry bean (Phoseolus vulgaris L.), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to soil residues of ethametsulfuron was determined. Buckwheat and sunflower exhibited moderate to severe injury 4 wk after planting; navy bean, buckwheat, sunflower and potato yields were unaffected in the cropping year after ethametsulfuron application. Key words: Sulfonylurea, crop tolerance, yield

scholarly journals Yield reduction and arsenic accumulation in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in an arsenic contaminated soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-321
Author(s):  
Md. Nazmul Haque ◽  
Md. Hazrat Ali ◽  
Tuhin Suvra Roy ◽  
Sheikh Muhammad Masum ◽  
Imtiaz Faruk Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Arsenic Accumulation ◽  
Different Levels

The different levels of arsenic (As) had a significant effect on the yield, yield reduction and As accumulation of different potato varieties. The yield was negatively affected by the As contamination and decreased with the increasing As levels in the soil, but remained statistically similar up to 25 mg kg-1 soil of As and thereafter drastically decreased with the increasing As levels. The yield reduction (%) and accumulation of As in the tuber peels and flesh increased with the increasing As levels. Among the fourteen potato varieties, 'Felsina' had the maximum yield and showed the lowest percentage of yield reduction; 'Jam alu' and 'Cardinal' accumulated the least amount of As in their peels and flesh, respectively. Among the treatment combinations, 'Felsina' cultivated in an As-free soil had the highest yield/plant (454.8 g fresh weight). 'Laura' grown in 25 mg kg-1 soil of As showed the lowest yield reduction (%). Although 'Jam alu' and 'Cardinal' produced a slightly lower yield compared to some other varieties, these two varieties accumulated the least amount of As, both in the peels and flesh, when grown in 25 mg kg-1 soil of As.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan bahan makanan lokal kentang (Solanum tuberosum l), ikan lele (Clarias, sp) dan brokoli (Brassica oleracea l) dalam bentuk snack kroket untuk balita dengan status gizi kronis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Niken Yunia Rifqi ◽  
Sugeng Iwan ◽  
Nurul Hakimah
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Organoleptic Quality ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

The percentage of children under five in RW 2 with the characteristics of chronic nutritional status is 8 people or 73%. Chronic indicators describe the nutritional problems of children under five in the long term, due to low BW/U index, short BW/U, normal BW/TB. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional quality, protein quality of the formula. knowing the best treatment, organoleptic quality of the formula for the use of local food ingredients: potato (Solanum tuberosum L), catfish (Clarias Sp), and broccoli (Brassica oleracea L). This type of research is experimental with a completely randomized design (CRD). The level of treatment was the ratio of potato: catfish: broccoli, namely P1 (40:30:30), and P2 (30:45:25). The croquette snack formula at treatment levels 1 and 2 had nutritional values, namely energy of 156 Kcal and 125 Kcal. The value of P1 protein is 7.6 grams, P2 is 8.85 grams, P1 fat is 6.36 grams and P2 is 2.76 grams. Nutritional content in P1 is better than P2 seen from the calculation of nutritional value and protein quality. The digestibility quality of P1 was higher at 94.4. The level of treatment P1 (40:30:30) was the best treatment level in terms of the number of Nh, which was 0.53. Organoleptic quality at P1 was preferred by panelists for the attributes of color, taste, texture, and aroma of potato croquettes, which obtained an average value on a scale of 3. This study concluded that the addition of catfish increased the protein and phosphorus content in the croquette formula. The addition of broccoli increases the content of vitamin C and phosphorus. P1 nutritional quality (energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates). The best treatment is treatment 1 with a higher value than treatment 2 and the organoleptic quality of the P1 formula is preferred by the panelists than P2.

Situación económica y social de la población de San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Cadena-Iñiguez ◽  
Eileen Salinas-Cruz ◽  
Jesús Martínez-Sánchez ◽  
Mariano Morales-Guerra ◽  
Romualdo Vásquez-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Las Casas ◽  
Vicia Faba L ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Objetivo: Establecer una línea base como fundamento para la intervención e inducción de innovaciones a través de escuelas de campo y planes de negocios. Diseño/metodología/aproximación: El estudio se desarrolló en San José del Carmen, San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, México. Se elaboró una encuesta como instrumento para recabar en campo información de familias de la localidad con la finalidad de conocer su situación actual. La localidad de trabajo se eligió utilizando como criterio las poblaciones que se encuentran dentro de Cruzada Nacional contra el hambre y en la clasificación de la pobreza extrema Resultados: La localidad de San José del Carmen es considerada como de alta marginación, la población es bilingüe, su principal lengua es el Tzotzil, el nivel de estudios promedio es hasta el tercer año de primaria, las principales actividades productivas son la siembra de maíz (Zea mays L.), frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) y haba (Vicia faba L.) que son utilizadas principalmente para autoconsumo.  No cuentan con agua potable ya que su sistema es a través de la recaudación de agua de lluvia o a través de un jagüey. Sus principales actividades económicas son la albañilería por parte de los hombres, y venta de productos, tales como el pozol (bebida energética a base de maíz y cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), tostadas y algunos vegetales por parte de las mujeres. Las tostadas son producidas en forma artesanal con un proceso de doble nixtamalización y vendida en bolsas de 20 tostadas cada una, a un costo de MX$10.00 en los mercados de San Cristóbal de las Casas, una a dos veces por semana alrededor de 40 bolsas por día de venta. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: La afiliación zapatista de alguno de los pobladores y el hecho de que algunos habitantes no hablen español, fueron factores que limitaron desarrollar al 100% el estudio; sin embargo, se considera que se tienen los elementos necesarios para establecer la línea base de la situación de San José del Carmen. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico servirá como una herramienta para establecer una intervención a través de innovaciones y planes de negocios en la comunidad de estudio. Los pobladores cuentan con herramientas necesarias para obtener nuevos conocimientos que ayuden a un desarrollo de su producción. El idioma no deberá de ser una limitante para ello.

ALLELE DIVERSITY FOR ACID VACUOLAR INVERTASE GENE Pain-1 FRAGMENT IN POTATO (Solanum tuberosum L.) VARIETIES AND LINES

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-139
Author(s):  
M.A. Slugina ◽  
◽  
E.O. Shmelkova ◽  
A.A. Meleshin ◽  
E.Z. Kochieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Vacuolar Invertase ◽  
Invertase Gene

Respon Pemberian Aspirin dan Kinetin Terhadap Pembentukan Umbi Mikro Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Secara In Vitro

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunita Prameswari ◽  
FNU Djenal ◽  
FNU Damanhuri
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L

Kebutuhan kentang yang semakin tinggi menyebabkan permintaan semakin meningkat. Rendahnya produksi kentang mengakibatkan berbagai upaya untuk peningkatan produksi terus dilakukan. Penggunaan metode kultur jaringan yaitu metode untuk mengisolasi bagian tanaman seperti protoplasma, sel, sekelompok sel, jaringan dan organ dalam kondisi aseptik, sehingga dapat diperbanyak dan beregenerasi menjadi tanaman utuh dapat dijadikan alternatif pemenuhan kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecepatan pembentukan umbi mikro kentang (Solanum Tuberosum L.) varietas granola kembang secarain vitro dengan menggunakan dua faktor dan 3 kali ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu aspirin dengan tiga taraf (5,10,15) ppm. Faktor kedua yaitu kinetin dalam tiga taraf (8,10,12) ppm. Penelitian menggunakan seluruh propagul kentang yang berumur 30 hari setelah subkultur dan data yang didapat dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi aspirin dan kinetin tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah akar, kedinian umbi, dan bobot umbi. Interaksi perlakuan terbaik bagi pembentukan tunas yaitu A2K1 aspirin 10 ppm dan kinetin 8 ppm sedangkan Interaksi perlakuan terbaik pada parameter jumlah umbi yaituA3K2 aspirin 15 ppm dan kinetin 10.

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