The effect of soybean variety on corn-soybean intercrop biomass and protein yields

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Martin ◽  
T. Astatkie ◽  
J. M. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
Late Variety ◽  
Seed Protein Concentration ◽  
Seed Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yields

Soybean intercropped with corn can produce a high-quality silage, but pods of early maturing soybean varieties usually shatter when harvested, thus reducing the silage protein potential. In 1991 and 1992, an experiment was conducted in Truro, Nova Scotia, and Sussex, New Brunswick, to determine whether later soybean varieties can provide sufficient biomass and protein in intercrops and escape pod losses at harvest. Early, early high protein, medium, late and very late maturing varieties of soybean were grown as monocrops and intercrops with corn. Eight response variables were measured: soybean shoot biomass yield, intercrop shoot biomass yield, soybean shoot protein concentration, intercrop shoot protein concentration, soybean shoot protein yield, intercrop shoot protein yield, soybean seed biomass yield and soybean seed protein concentration. The two later soybean varieties had higher yields than the two early varieties, contributing to higher protein yields in the later varieties than in the early varieties, under both monocropping and intercropping. In contrast to the corn monocrop, intercrops with all soybean varieties produced higher protein concentrations. Under intercropping, only the late variety produced significantly higher protein yields than the corn monocrop; however, none of the varieties resulted in significantly lower biomass yields than the corn monocrop. With the late soybean variety, land equivalent ratios of the intercrop shoot biomass yield and the intercrop shoot protein yield revealed yield advantages of intercrops over monocrops of 21% and 10%, respectively. The late variety resulted in an increased intercrop shoot protein concentration without reducing the intercrop shoot biomass yield, because it was still green enough to be harvested with minimal pod shattering. Key words: Soybean variety, corn-soybean intercrop, biomass, silage protein

scholarly journals Ozone Induced Loss of Seed Protein Accumulation Is Larger in Soybean than in Wheat and Rice

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Broberg ◽  
Sara Daun ◽  
Håkan Pleijel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Seed Protein Concentration ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Positive Effect

We investigated the effects of ozone (O3) on seed protein accumulation in soybean, rice, and wheat based on existing literature. We identified 30, 10, and 32 datasets meeting the requirements for soybean, rice, and wheat, respectively. Data for each crop were combined in response regressions for seed protein concentration, seed protein yield, and seed yield. Although seed yield in rice was less sensitive to O3 than in wheat, there was a significant positive effect of O3 on the seed protein concentration of the same magnitude in both crops. Soybean, an N-fixing high-protein crop, responded differently. Even though the effect on seed yield was similar to wheat, there was no indication of any effect of O3 on seed protein concentration in soybean. The negative influence of O3 on seed protein yield was statistically significant for soybean and wheat. The effect was larger for soybean (slope of response function: −0.58% per ppb O3) than for wheat (slope: −0.44% per ppb) and especially compared to rice (slope: −0.08% per ppb). The different response of protein concentration in soybean, likely to be associated with adverse O3 effects on N fixation, has large implications for global protein production because of the much higher absolute protein concentration in soybean.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN SEED QUALITY DEPENDING ON THE VARIETY

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
V. V. Liubych
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Soybean Variety ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Yield

The biochemical component (protein content and fat content) of soybean seed, yield and fat and protein yield significantly depends on weather conditions and variety. It was found that the protein content in soybean seed, on average over two years of research on new varieties can vary from 36.1 to 44.4 %. Khana, Lenka and Alaska varieties have the highest protein content in soybean seed – 43.4–44.4 %. Protein content significantly depends on the weather conditions of the study year. Thus, soybean varieties of Kofu, Siberia, Volta, Asuka, Arisa, Khana, Lenka and Alaska, grown in 2020, have this figure 10–19 % higher than in 2019. In the seeds of Nordica, Carra, Kyoto, Ezra, Amadeus and Taurus soybean varieties, the protein content is 4–10 % lower. On average, over two years of research, the fat content in soybean seeds varies from 18.9 to 21.7 % depending on the variety. Only three out of 14 soybean varieties have the fat content ≤ 20.0 % – Khana, Alaska, Arisa. In seeds of other varieties, this figure is ≥ 20 %. Weather conditions reduce the fat content in the seeds by 7–20 % depending on the variety. Studies have shown that soybean seed yields vary significantly depending on the soybean variety. Thus, on average over two years of research, this figure varies from 1.30 t/ha in Amadeus variety to 1.88 t/ha in Siberia one. The highest yields (≥ 1.70 t/ha) were formed by Arisa, Volta and Siberia varieties. However, this figure varies greatly depending on the weather conditions of the study year. Thus, in a more favourable 2019, the yield is from 1.65 to 2.41 t/ ha, depending on the soybean variety. Moisture deficiency and small reserves of moisture in the deeper layers of the soil reduce seed yield from 0.95 to 1.35 t/ha or by 1.7–3.7 times, depending on the soybean variety. Two soybean varieties (Arisa, Siberia) have the highest protein yield at the level of 706–721 kg/ha. The highest fat yield was obtained by Siberia growing – 415 kg/ha. Under the conditions of the Right Bank forest-steppe, for stable formation of high protein yield in different weather conditions, it is necessary to grow Arisa soybean variety which has high protein content and high seed yield, and Alaska variety which has high protein content in seeds. In addition, in the best hydration years it is able to form a high fat yield. Volta, Asuka, Khana and Lenka varieties should be grown in years with sufficient moisture, as they provide the highest protein yield. These varieties should also be grown to obtain a high fat yield under the best moisture conditions. Siberia soybean should be used to produce fat in different weather conditions

scholarly journals Response of nerica and sativa rice lines to nitrogen and phosphorus rates by number of tillers and shoot biomass yield

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (60) ◽  
pp. 8273-8292
Author(s):  
JA Apaseku ◽  
◽  
W Dowbe ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
Bray 1

An experiment was conducted at the Savanna Agricultural Research Institute on a Euteric Gleisol on latitude 9 - 25 - 41” N longitude O - 58’ 42”W in the Guinea Savanna Zone of West Africa, Ghana. The objective was to establish the responses of the lowland “New Rice for Africa” (NERICA) and Sativa varieties for recommendation of optimum N and P rates. Six lowland NERICAs, three Oryza sativa and one Oryza glaberima lines were used. Number of tillers/m 2 quadrant and shoot dry biomass /15cm 2 was used to evaluate the P/N response of crop performance. For the dry biomass weight, destructive sampling was done at the 50% flowering stage. The Phosphorus and Nitrogen fertilizers rates were 0, 13, 26 kg P/ha and 0, 30, 60, 120 kg N/ha respectively. Potassium was applied at a uniform rate of 30 kg K 2 O/ha to all plots before planting. The average days of 50% flowering and 80 % maturity of all varieties used, counting from seedling emergence, were 73 to 82 days and 104 to 113 days respectively. There were significant differences on the effect of P and N - levels on shoot – biomass/15 cm 2 quadrant ( p< 0.05 ) but number of tillers/ m 2 quadrant were not ( p > 0.05 ). The interaction of P/N fertilizer levels by variety was highly significant ( p < 0.001 ). Increasing N levels increased biomass and tillers more markedly than increasing P - levels. It was noted that P may have been fixed because available Bray 1 P was not appreciably higher in the 26 kg P/ ha plots than 0 kg P/ha. It could have been due to the oxidation of Iron (II) to Iron (III) resulting in insoluble Iron (III) Phosphate complexes or by formation of complex insoluble Aluminium (III) phosphates. Varieties such as V1, V2, V3, V8 and V9 were responsive to lower P and N inputs such as P0/N0 or P0/N30 and also to moderate inputs such as P13/N30, P26/N30 or P13/N60. Varieties such as, V4, V5 and V6 are not responsive to lower inputs but were very responsive to the higher inputs outlined above. Phosphorus and Nitrogen main plots pool for two years at high input rate, (P26/N60 and P26/N120 ), has no significant advantage over the lower ( P0/N0 or P0/N30, P13/N0, P13/N30 ) and moderate combinations, ( P13/N60, P13/120 ) as regards biomass yields ( p .> 0. 05 ).

Month of harvest and yield components of tea tree. II. Oil concentration, composition, and yield

1996 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 817 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Murtagh ◽  
GR Smith
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Biomass Yields ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentrations

Changes in the concentration, composition, and yield of oil in coppice growth of tea tree (Melaleuca alternzfolia) were assessed when plants were harvested in different months. Oil concentrations in leaves were lower when plants were harvested in July-September than in other months, but biomass yields were higher. Consequently, there was no consistent effect of harvest month on oil yield. Oil yield varied as much between the same month in different years, as between months within a year. The oil concentration in one harvest was positively related to the biomass yield at the previous harvest of the same plants, suggesting that a carryover of energy reserves contributed to oil production. The oil concentration was also positively related to the mean air temperatures over the 3 months before harvest. The proportion of the economically significant compounds in oil, terpinen-4-01 and 1,8-cineole, was not affected by either the month of harvest or regrowth cycle, but other compounds did change. There was a significant loss of monoterpene olefins from oil which was present at high concentrations.

scholarly journals Genotype and within-pod bean position microenvironment effect on seed choice for raising cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
Daniel B. ADEWALE ◽  
Beatrice A. NDUKA
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Periodic Data ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Probable Role ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

<p>The probable role of within-pod microenvironment on seed sizes, seedling vigour and biomass yield of four cocoa genotypes was investigated for two years. The respective main, sub and sub-sub plots in the split-split plot experimental design were years, genotypes and within-pod bean positions. Data were taken on cocoa bean length, width and thickness after each pod was opened. Four weekly periodic data were obtained for plant height (PH), stem girth (SG) and number of leaves (NOL); root and shoot biomass yield were also recorded. Analysis of variance revealed significant (p ≤ 0.05) bean position, genotypes, years and some interaction on the studied traits. Means of the levels of the three factors differed significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Proximal, middle and distal positions were distinct within-pod microenvironments. The pod middle cavity housed the longest, widest and heaviest beans. Trend analysis of the growing sequences of NOL, PH and SG by the four genotypes differed with bean locations. For bean length, GGE biplot respectively identified CRIN Tc1, CRIN Tc2 and CRIN Tc3 as the best genotype for middle, proximal and the distal positions. The intra-locular space within the pod enhanced differential seed development and maturation; this was evident in the seedling vigour.</p>

OAC Bruton soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1389-1391
Author(s):  
S. Torabi ◽  
B.T. Stirling ◽  
J. Kobler ◽  
M. Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seed Protein Concentration ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
High Yield Potential

OAC Bruton is an indeterminate large-seeded food-grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar with high yield potential, high seed protein concentration, and resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN). OAC Bruton is developed and recommended for soybean growing areas in southwestern Ontario with 2950 or greater crop heat units. OAC Bruton is classified as a maturity group 1 (MG1) cultivar with a relative maturity of 1.8.

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