Variation in morphology, plant habit, proanthocyanidins, and flavonoids within a Lottus germplasm collection

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Gruber ◽  
Birgitte Skadhauge ◽  
Min Yu ◽  
Alister Muir ◽  
Kenneth Richards
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defence ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Plant Habit ◽  
Flavonoid Composition ◽  
Stem Colour ◽  
Geographical Locations

Lotus species collec ted from a range of geographical locations were evaluated for relationships between plant habit and size, leaf proanthocyanidin (PA) content, flower colour, stem colour, leaf colour, trichome density, and geographic origin. No relationships occurred between leaf PA concentration and morphological trait or collection site. Trichome coverage was moderately correlated with plant size (r = -0.70). Several accessions, e.g., L. angustissimus L. and L. castellanis Boiss. & Reut., consisted of small, trichome-covered plants distinct from the large, glabrous plants typical of the model species L. corniculatus var. japonicus ecotype Gifu B129. These two morphology types were also represented among the tan mutants of Gifu B129. Due to the importance of trichomes and PA in plant defence, PA composition was compared between L. angustissimusand tan1 (both representing the small trichome-covered phenotype) and ecotype Gifu B129 and tan2 (both representing the large, glabrous phenotype). Both the tan1 and tan2 mutants accumulated substantial amounts of leaf PA similar in size to the small oligomers recovered from leaves of L. angustissimus. PA polymers were undetectable in Gifu B129 leaves, while floral PA extracts of this ecotype included a much larger PA polymer. Flavonoid composition in leaves of tan1 and L. angustissimus was complex, and differed from the simple profile in Gifu B129 leaves. Key words: Lotus, proanthocyanidin, flavonoids, trichomes, morphology, plant habit, variability

scholarly journals Geographical patterns of diversity for qualitative and quantitative traits in the pigeonpea germplasm collection

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hari D. Upadhyaya ◽  
R.P.S. Pundir ◽  
C.L.L. Gowda ◽  
K.N. Reddy ◽  
Sube Singh
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Flowering Pattern ◽  
Stem Colour ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

We analysed the patterns of variation for 14 qualitative and 12 quantitative traits in 11,402 pigeonpea germplasm accessions from 54 countries, which were grouped into 11 regions. Semi-spreading growth habit, green stem colour, indeterminate flowering pattern and yellow flower colour were predominant among qualitative traits. Primary seed colour had maximum variability and orange colour followed by cream were the two most frequent seed colours in the collection. Variances for all the traits were heterogeneous among regions. The germplasm accessions from Oceania were conspicuous by short growth duration, short height, fewer branches, pods with fewer seeds, smaller seed size and lower seed yields. The accessions from Africa were of longer duration, taller, with multi-seeded pods and larger seeds. The germplasm diversity indicated by Shannon–Weaver diversity index (H′) pooled over all traits, was highest for Africa (0.464±0.039) and lowest for Oceania (0.337±0.037). The cluster analysis based on three principal component scores using 12 quantitative traits revealed formation of three clusters: cluster 1 includes accessions from Oceania; cluster 2 from India and adjacent countries; and cluster 3 from Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, Europe, Africa, America and the Caribbean countries. Pigeonpea-rich countries such as Myanmar, Uganda, and others like Bahamas, Burundi, Comoros, Haiti and Panama are not adequately represented in the collection, and need priority attention for germplasm exploration.

scholarly journals Molecular Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Geographic Origin within an Ex Situ Germplasm Collection of Cherimoya by Using SSRs

2007 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Escribano ◽  
M.A. Viruel ◽  
J.I. Hormaza
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Pair Group ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Upgma Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ssr Loci ◽  
Simple Sequence

Cherimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) is an underused fruit crop with a clear niche for expansion in subtropical climates. In this study, 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were used to find molecular polymorphisms among 279 cherimoya accessions from a worldwide ex situ field germplasm collection. A total of 79 amplification fragments were amplified with 16 pairs of SSR primers, with an average of 4.9 bands/SSR. Mean expected and observed heterozygosities averaged 0.53 and 0.44, respectively. The total value for the probability of identity was 4.34 × 10−8. The SSRs studied resulted in 267 different fingerprinting profiles, of which 258 were unique genotypes; the rest were putative cases of synonymies or mislabeling errors. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis indicated the relationships among the analyzed accessions, showing some specific groups related to their geographical origins. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was performed to examine the distribution of genetic variation of the 148 accessions collected from putative cherimoya origin areas in Ecuador and Peru, showing that the major variations occurred within valleys in each country. The results confirmed the usefulness of microsatellites for identification of genetic diversity and geographic origin of cherimoya and are discussed in terms of their implications for ex situ conservation of cherimoya genetic resources.

scholarly journals Keragaman Genetik berbagai Isolat Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) dan Virulensinya terhadap Crocidolomia pavonana

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trizelia Trizelia ◽  
Teguh Santoso ◽  
Soemartono Sosromarsono ◽  
Aunu Rauf ◽  
Lisdar I Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens ◽  
Hypothenemus Hampei ◽  
Chrysodeixis Chalcites ◽  
Nilaparvata Lugens Stål ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Leptocorisa Oratorius

The objectives of the research were to study the genetic variability of various Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. isolates andvirulence to Crocidolomia pavonana. Thirteen isolates of B. bassiana were isolated from Nilaparvata lugens (Stål),Leptocorisa oratorius (F.), Thrips sp., Hypothenemus hampei (Ferr.), Crocidolomia pavonana (F.), Spodoptera litura (F.),Chrysodeixis chalcites (Esp.), and Riptortus linearis (L.) pests from different geographical locations in Indonesia. Fourteendifferent random primers were used to amplify DNA. Clustering of isolates were obtained using Unweight Pair GroupMethod Avarage (UPGMA). The results showed that only OPA08 primer generated more polymorphic DNA fragments.Result of clustering analysis showed that B. bassiana isolates forms two groups having genetic similarity equal to 55%.Clustering of isolates does not correlate to host type nor geographic origin. Mortality of second instar C. pavonana larvaewas dependent on the fungal isolates. At a concentration of 108 conidia/ml, isolate Bb-La2 had the highest virulence whichcaused 65% mortality of 2nd instar larvae. Isolates of B. bassiana is virulent against C. pavonana larvae present in the samegenotype group.

Relationship between the flavonoid composition and flower colour variation in Victoria

Plant Biology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 674-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Wu ◽  
P.-C. Li ◽  
H.-J. Zhang ◽  
C.-Y. Feng ◽  
S.-S. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flower Colour ◽  
Colour Variation ◽  
Flavonoid Composition

Ecogeographical studies identify diversity and potential gaps in the largest germplasm collection of bladder clover (Trifolium spumosum L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 728 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ghamkhar ◽  
R. Snowball ◽  
S. J. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Collection Site ◽  
Plant Germplasm ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Passport Data ◽  
Ecogeographical Diversity ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Plant germplasm collections are important reservoirs of diversity for plant breeders and adding to the knowledge of the diversity among and within germplasm accessions helps plant breeders to use them more efficiently. The annual legume, bladder clover (Trifolium spumosum L.), was the model plant in this study. The hypothesis that ecogeographical variables are important sources of diversity in the germplasm collection of bladder clover and some variables are more important than others has been studied. Three themes have been addressed here: firstly, analysis of the existing passport data to determine a minimum set of ecogeographical descriptors required for capturing ecological aspects of each collection site; secondly, illustration of the ecogeographical regions and subregions using GIS techniques to identify areas with the greatest likelihood of filling gaps in the collection; thirdly, development of an approach for the evaluation of genetic diversity by grouping accessions with a focus on outliers within the collection using principal component and cluster analyses. In this paper the importance of longitude as a geographical factor has been documented and the overall ecogeographical diversity in the germplasm collection of bladder clover has been screened.

Potential for using Vasconcellea parviflora as a bridging species in intergeneric hybridisation between V. pubescens and Carica papaya

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. O'Brien ◽  
R. A. Drew
Keyword(s):  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Intergeneric Hybrid ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Leaf Vein ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Intergeneric Hybridisation

There have been numerous attempts to transfer Papaya ringspot virus type P (PRSV-P) resistance from wild Vasconcellea relatives to Carica papaya L. Success has been limited by the high degree of genetic divergence and thus incompatibility between Vasconcellea spp. and C. papaya. In the present work, intergeneric hybrid populations of C. papaya × V. pubescens Lenne et Koch, C. papaya × V. parviflora A. DC. and interspecific populations of V. pubescens × V. parviflora were produced and evaluated for morphological characteristics and PRSV-P resistance. F2 and F3 populations were produced from the V. pubescens × V. parviflora F1 and PRSV-P resistant individuals with homozygous genotypes (RR) were selected with the aid of a co-dominant CAPS marker and backcrossed to V. parviflora or outcrossed to C. papaya. Leaf vein number (seven) from V. pubescens, flower colour (pink) from V. parviflora and petiole colour (red–green) and plant size from C. papaya were transferred as dominant traits in interspecific and intergeneric crosses. Other traits, e.g. flower shape and fruit size, were intermediate in hybrids. When the wild species or their hybrids were outcrossed to C. papaya, inheritance patterns did not always follow Mendelian ratios, suggesting abnormal pairing of chromosomes or preferential elimination of the Vasconcellea genes. For example, in crosses between C. papaya × V. pubescens, all flowers were female and in crosses between C. papaya × V. parviflora, the cream flower colour of C. papaya was dominant over the pink colour of V. parviflora. However, the PRSV-P resistance gene from V. pubescens was successfully backcrossed into V. parviflora from F2 hybrids, and in the F1 hybrids between C. papaya and V. parviflora, 45% pollen fertility was obtained thus V. parviflora is proposed as a potential bridging species between C. papaya and V. pubescens.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity using RAPD analysis in a germplasm collection of sea buckthorn

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.I. BARTISH ◽  
N. JEPPSSON ◽  
I.V. BARTISH
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Group Variation ◽  
Intraspecific Hybrids

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to characterize a part of a sea buckthorn gene bank collected for plant breeding purposes. Molecular markers were generated in 55 cultivars and accessions, representing five subspecies of Hippophae rhamnoides L. and intraspecific hybrids between different subspecies. Sixty-three markers were used to generate a Dice's similarity coefficient matrix of pairwise comparisons between individual RAPD profiles. Cluster (UPGMA) and principal co-ordinate analyses, based on this matrix, revealed clustering of plants into groups which generally correspond to their taxonomic classification or geographic origin. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was found useful for estimating components of genetic variation between and within taxonomic and geographic groups of accessions and cultivars. Whereas both alternatives for grouping the material (taxonomic or geographic origin) resulted in significant between-group variation, the major part of molecular variance (approximately 75%) was still attributed to variation within groups. We conclude that the RAPD analysis is useful for clarification of taxonomic and geographic origin of accessions and cultivars of sea buckthorn.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity of a Serbian grapevine germplasm collection based on morphoagronomic characteristics

Genetika ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 719-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Rakonjac ◽  
N. Korac ◽  
S. Todic ◽  
M. Medic ◽  
Z. Beslic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Bank Managers ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Clustering Pattern ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

The objective of this study was to evaluate diversity and relationships among grapevine cultivars from the Serbian gene bank in Sremski Karlovci, and to identify the most useful variables for discrimination. A total of 54 grapevine cultivars have been studied. During the period 2000-2005, twelve quantitative and qualitative characteristics were evaluated using OIV categories to each trait. Characterization was done using multivariate statistical analyses: cluster and principal component analysis (PCA), Based on cluster analysis cultivars divided into three major groups and the clustering pattern was related to the classical eco-geographical grouping: occidentalis, pontica and orientalis. Beside geographic origin clustering position of cultivars throughout the dendrogram was related to main uses. The major part (70.1%) of the total variation presented was explained by four principal components. PC1 is highly correlated with the bunch and berry size and PC2 with the density of prostrate hairs of young shoot tip and the density of prostrate hairs between veins on the lower side of mature leaf. The overall arrangement of cultivars suggests considerable phenotypical (and presumably genetic) variability in studied germplasm collection. Furthermore, obtained results may be useful for further utilization of available genetic resources in gene bank managers, growing and breeding.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of lentil accessions: Qualitative characters

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
S Roy ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
A Sarker ◽  
MR Ismail ◽  
MY Rafii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Flower Colour ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Normal Green ◽  
Coat Pattern ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Stem Colour ◽  
Seed Coat Pattern

Wide variability was observed for all the characters among 110 lentil accessions. Stem colour varied from normal green (45%) to purple (55%). Prominent and rudimentary tendrils were found in 60% and 40% of the accessions, respectively. Among the characters, flower colour showed the highest variation. White flower colour was observed in 49%, violet in 28%, white with blue veins in 20% accessions and the rest 3% were with blue flowers. Red cotyledon was shown by 90% while with yellow was shown by 10% of the accessions. Green, grey and brown seed coat was observed in 10, 66 and 24% of the accessions, respectively. Seed coat pattern with dots was found in 70% accessions and marbled seed coat pattern was shown by 15.5% while 14.5% did not show any seed coat pattern. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v41i2.13447 Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(2): 187-190, 2012 (December)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document