Evaluation of growth and fruit production characteristics of 15 saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) cultivars at maturity

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. St-Pierre ◽  
A. M. Zatylny ◽  
H. P. Tulloch
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Amelanchier Alnifolia ◽  
Julian Date ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Production Characteristics

The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the growth, yield, fruit size and ripening characteristics of mature plants of 15 saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) cultivars. Data were collected from two sites in Saskatchewan over 5 yr (1999–2003). The cultivars included Bluff, Buffalo, Forestburg, Honeywood, JB30, Martin, Nelson, Northline, PAR 90, Parkhill, Pearson II, Pembina, Smoky, Success, and Thiessen. Mean annual growth of shoots ranged from 10.5 cm yr-1 for Parkhill to 21.4 cm yr-1 for JB30. The number of days for fruit to change from 10 to 90% ripe did not differ among the cultivars and averaged 13.8 d. The Julian date to attain 50% ripe fruit ranged from 196 to 209. Fruit of PAR 90, Honeywood, JB30, Martin, Success and Thiessen matured 4–13 d earlier than fruit of Bluff, Northline, Parkhill, Buffalo, Nelson, and Pembina. Marketable yields, which averaged 93.4% of the total harvested yields, ranged from 0.72 to 4.16 kg plant-1. Pearson II, Honeywood, and Smoky had greater marketable yields (4.1–4.16 kg plant-1) than did PAR 90, Parkhill, Nelson, Success, and Pembina (0.72–2.49 kg plant-1). Thiessen, Martin, PAR 90 and JB30 had the largest fruit (13.3–13.9 mm), and Success and Bluff had the smallest (10.8–10.9 mm). Data from this study provide a basis on which to evaluate currently available cultivars and new cultivars or future selections that may be developed. Key words: Amelanchier alnifolia, fruit size, shoot growth, cultivar evaluation, ripening

Evaluation of growth, yield, and fruit size of chokecherry, pincherry, highbush cranberry, and black currant cultivars in Saskatchewan

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. St-Pierre ◽  
A. M. Zatylny ◽  
H. P. Tulloch
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Prunus Virginiana ◽  
The University ◽  
New Cultivars

The objective of this study was to quantitatively characterize the growth, yield and fruit size of cultivars of chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.), pincherry (Prunus pensylvanica L.f.), highbush cranberry (Viburnum trilobum Marsh.), and black currant (Ribes nigrum L.). Cultivars were evaluated in replicated trials at two sites (Saskatoon and Outlook) in Saskatchewan over 2–5 yr. Espenant, Garrington, Lee Red, and Boughen Yellow were among the highest yielding of the chokecherry cultivars (mean yield = 7.2 kg plant-1 at Saskatoon); of these, Lee Red had the largest fruit. The pincherry cultivar Lee #4 (mean yield = 3.1 kg plant-1) yielded at least twice as much as Mary Liss or Jumping Pound. Highbush cranberry cultivars Alaska, Espenant, Garry Pink, Manitou, and Wentworth averaged yields of 2.0 kg plant-1 at Saskatoon. Of these, Manitou had the largest fruit. Two black currant trials were established; the cultivars included in the second trial were not available at the time of establishment of the first trial. Black currant yields ranged from 0.2 kg plant-1 for Willoughby to 1.0 kg plant-1 for Consort in the first trial, and from 0.2 kg plant-1 for the selection 4-24-29 to 2.0 kg plant-1 for McGinnis Black in the second trial. Black currant cultivars with the largest fruit size included Wellington, Topsy, and three numbered selections from the University of Saskatchewan (mean = 225 fruit/cup) in the first trial, and Ben Sarek, McGinnis Black, and Ben Alder (mean = 156 fruit/cup) in the second trial. Data from the current study provide a basis on which to evaluate the performance of currently available cultivars, and any new cultivars or future selections that may be developed. Key words: Prunus virginiana, Prunus pensylvanica, Viburnum trilobum, Ribes nigrum, fruit size, shoot growth, cultivar evaluation

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation Frequency and Shade Levels on Vegetative Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality of Piquin Pepper (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum)

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan I. Valiente-Banuet ◽  
Alejandro Gutiérrez-Ochoa
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Horticultural Products ◽  
Yearly Data

In Mexico, piquin peppers are highly valued horticultural products with limited cultivated production due to low seed germination, morphologic and genetic variability, disease susceptibility, and limited environmental physiology information. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation frequency and shade level treatments on vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality of a commercial ecotype of piquin pepper. The study was conducted during two consecutive years using a hierarchical linear mixed-effects model design, with yearly data of irrigation frequency as main treatment blocks and shade levels as secondary blocks (nested within irrigation frequency treatments). Our results indicate that more frequent irrigation and increased shade levels favored vegetative growth. In addition, moderate shade levels (interception of 35% of full sunlight) and daily irrigation provided the best conditions for fruit production. This effect could be attributed to an increase in vegetative growth (thus higher photosynthetic and crop load capacity); more moderate conditions (temperatures and relative humidity) that favored flowering and fruit set, or a combination of these factors. Fruit size and pungency were not significantly affected by the treatments. Our results provide basic information for the development of guidelines for the cultivation of piquin pepper plants.

scholarly journals Effect of Preplant Fertilization, Annual Fertilization, Irrigation, and Fertigation on `Empire' Apple Fruit Size and Yield

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 582c-582
Author(s):  
Terence L. Robinson ◽  
Warren C Stiles
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Yield Efficiency

A field experiment was established in 1992 with `Empire' apple trees on either M.7 or M.9 rootstock. Preplant fertilization with NPKB plus lime compared to the lime only control did not increase tree growth during the first 4 years, but did increase cumulative yield (10%) and average fruit size (7%). The addition of annual applications of ground-applied NKB after planting increased total shoot growth 17%, as well as yield (26%) and fruit size (14%) compared to the lime only control. Trickle irrigation significantly increased trunk cross-sectional area (17%), shoot growth (16%), yield (18%), fruit size (5%), and yield efficiency (7%). The interaction of ground fertilization and trickle irrigation showed that trickle irrigation increased the benefits of ground applied fertilizers. Without trickle irrigation, ground-applied fertilizers increased shoot growth only 6% and yield 14% compared to the unfertilized controls, but, with the addition of trickle irrigation, the ground-applied fertilizers increased shoot growth 21% and yield 21% over the irrigated but unfertilized control. Ground fertilization increased yield efficiency and fruit size by the percentage by whether or not trickle irrigation was present. Fertigation gave similar results as the trickle plus ground fertilizer treatment on tree growth, yield, fruit size, and yield efficiency. Our results indicate that trickle irrigation in the eastern United States can improve tree growth, yield, and fruit size in the first few years after planting. The addition of ground-applied fertilizer or fertigation can improve tree performance even more. However, in the humid New York climate, there does not appear to be a significant benefit from injecting the fertilizer into the trickle water compared to applying the fertilizer on the ground.

Effects of girdling time on growth, yield, and fruit maturity of the low chill peach cultivar Flordaprince

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Allan ◽  
AP George ◽  
RJ Nissen ◽  
TS Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Harvest Data ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
Subtropical Australia

Low chill Flordaprince peach trees in subtropical Australia were trunk-girdled at 1 of 3 times during fruit development: pre stone hardening (pre SH), post stone hardening (post SH), and 2 weeks before expected first harvest (BFH). Measures were made of fruit and shoot growth, harvest data, and starch levels in different tree parts. The pre SH girdling gave the greatest (P<0.05) increase in fruit size during stage 2 of fruit development, and pre and post SH girdling treatments gave progressively earlier (P<0.05) and shorter (10 days v. 24 days for control) main harvest period. Girdling resulted in greater numbers of fruit of larger, desirable marketable size (>90 g) than the control, although the latter caught up in average yield because of longer development period and some variability in numbers of fruit per tree. Split pip was not a problem. Fruit sugar content was significantly (P<0.05) higher with post SH and BFH girdling treatments than with control or pre SH treatment. Girdling temporarily increased starch levels in the leaves and shoots and reduced shoot growth.

Effects of day and night air temperature on growth, productivity and energy use of long English cucumber

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios P. Papadopoulos ◽  
Xiuming Hao
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Development Rates

To determine the optimum air temperature regime for greenhouse seedless cucumber production under North American conditions, the cvs. Corona (in the spring of 1990 and 1992) and Aramon (in the spring of 1992) were grown under nine day/night temperature regimes composed of a factorial combination of three day (18, 21 and 24 °C; DT) and three night (16, 18 and 20 °C; NT) heating temperatures, at a common 24 °C ventilation temperature. Plant development rates (leaf and flower number) were linearly increased with increasing daily average air temperature (MT), but not affected by day–night air temperature difference (DIF), indicating that plant development rates increased with increasing air temperature regardless of DT or NT. Specific leaf weight decreased with increasing DT or NT, and leaf photosynthesis rates decreased with increasing DT. Therefore, high DT or NT promoted the growth rates of young cucumber plants mainly through increasing leaf area ratios. Early and final yields of Corona were mainly affected by MT, not by DIF, while early and final yields of Aramon were mainly increased by DIF. Fruit size increased with increasing MT. Optimum MT for Corona fruit production was 19 °C heating temperature, at a 24 °C ventilation temperature. Optimum day/night air temperature regime for Aramon fruit production was at 21/16 °C day/night heating temperature, at a 24 °C ventilation temperature. Key words: Cucumis sativus, growth, yield, fruit size, daily average air temperature, day-night air temperature difference

scholarly journals GENOTYPE × LOCATION INTERACTIONS IN BLUEBERRY

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 657f-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gupton ◽  
J. Clark ◽  
D. Creech ◽  
A. Powell ◽  
S. Rooks
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Julian Date ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
Southern Highbush ◽  
Selection Of

Rabbiteye (Vaccinium ashei Reade) and southern highbush (mostly V. corymbosum L.) type blueberry selections were evaluated in regional trials at five locations. Entry × location interactions (E × L) were significant for all traits in the rabbiteye type and all except plant productivity, plant volume, Julian date of 50% ripe fruit, and berry weight at harvest 3 in the southern highbush type. Despite the significant interactions, selection FL80-11 and `Gulfcoast' were the earliest flowering rabbiteye and southern highbush entry, respectively, at each location. Significant E × L for plant volume and yield suggests that adaptation to the local environment is important in the selection of potential cultivars. Fruit quality traits appear less affected by environment than fruit production traits for the entries tested.

Hydrophobic Particle Films Improve Tree Fruit Productivity

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 548a-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Glenn ◽  
G. Puterka ◽  
T. Baugher ◽  
T. Unruh ◽  
S. Drake
Keyword(s):  
West Virginia ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Fruit Productivity ◽  
Leaf Level ◽  
Hydrophobic Particle

Hydrophobic particle film technology (HPF) is a developing pest control system for tree fruit production systems. Studies were established in Chile, and Washington, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia in the United States, to evaluate the effect of HPF technology on tree fruit yield and quality. Studies in Chile, Washington, and West Virginia demonstrated increased photosynthetic rate at the leaf level. Yield was increased in peaches (Chile) and apples (West Virginia), and fruit size was increased in apples (Washington and Pennsylvania). Increased red color in apple was demonstrated at all sites with reduced russetting and `Stayman' cracking in Pennsylvania. HPF technology appears to be an effective tool in reducing water and heat stress in tree fruit resulting in increased fruit quality.

Drip Irrigation and Stand Establishment Affect Yield and Quality of Cantaloupe

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 545d-545
Author(s):  
D.I. Leskovar ◽  
J.C. Ward ◽  
R.W. Sprague ◽  
A. Meiri
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Yield And Quality

Water pumping restrictions of high-quality irrigation water from underground aquifers is affecting vegetable production in Southwest Texas. There is a need to develop efficient deficit-irrigation strategies to minimize irrigation inputs and maintain crop profitability. Our objective was to determine how growth, yield, and quality of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. cv. `Caravelle') are affected by irrigation systems with varying input levels, including drip depth position and polyethylene mulch. Stand establishment systems used were containerized transplants and direct seeding. Field experiments were conducted on a Uvalde silty clay loam soil. Marketable yields increased in the order of pre-irrigation followed by: dry-land conditions, furrow/no-mulch, furrow/mulch, drip-surface (0 cm depth)/mulch, drip-subsurface (10-cm depth)/mulch, and drip-subsurface (30 cm depth)/mulch. Pooled across all drip depth treatments, plants on drip had higher water use efficiency than plants on furrow/no-mulch or furrow/mulch systems. Transplants with drip-surface produced 75% higher total and fruit size No. 9 yields than drip-subsurface (10- or 30-cm depth) during the first harvest, but total yields were unaffected by drip tape position. About similar trends were measured in a subsequent study except for a significant irrigation system (stand establishment interaction for yield. Total yields were highest for transplants on drip-subsurface (10-cm depth) and direct seeded plants on drip-subsurface (10 and 30 cm depth) with mulch.

Protected Culture Systems for Strawberry Production

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 459d-459
Author(s):  
Fumiomi Takeda ◽  
Paul R. Adler ◽  
D. Michael Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Hydroponic Culture ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Soilless Culture ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Nutrient Film Technique ◽  
Plant Densities

Strawberry plants (cvs. Camarosa, Chandler, Sweet Charlie, Primetime, Jewel, and Tribute) were grown in soilless culture systems in a greenhouse from October to May. Fresh-dug and runner-tip Aplug® plants were transplanted into two systems: vertically stacked pots (24 plants/m2) containing perlite and horizontal nutrient film technique troughs (13 plants/m2). Plants were fertigated continuously with recirculating nutrient solution. In a 7-month production cycle, the plug plants bloomed earlier and produced more fruit during the first month of harvest (December) than the fresh-dug plants. Higher yields from plug plants were a result of more fruit numbers and not larger fruit size. Fruit production averaged 6.0 and 3.5 kg/m2 in the trough and pot systems, respectively. The vertical growing system allows greater plant densities, but light intensity reaching the plants in the lower sections of the tower can be less than 20% of levels measured at the top. Establishment costs of protected culture systems are higher, but production is earlier and labor costs are typically reduced. Greenhouse hydroponic culture systems could extend the winter strawberry production to more northern locations.

scholarly journals Effect of Propagation Method and Ploidy Level of Various Rootstocks on the Response of the Common Clementine (Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan) to a Mild Water Deficit

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Oustric ◽  
Radia Lourkisti ◽  
Stéphane Herbette ◽  
Raphaël Morillon ◽  
Gilles Paolacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Redox Balance ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Antioxidant Efficiency ◽  
Diploid Genotype ◽  
Propagation Methods

Current climatic upheavals reduce water availability which impacts the growth and fruit quality of plants. In citrus crops, scion/rootstock combinations are used to ensure high fruit production and quality and a stress tolerance/resistance. Our objective was to assess the effect on the clementine scion (C) under natural mild water deficit of (i) polyploid rootstocks by comparing the allotetraploid FlhorAG1 (C/4xFLs; trifoliate orange + Willowleaf mandarin) with its diploid parents, trifoliate orange (C/2xTOs), and Willowleaf mandarin (C/2xWLs), and with a diploid genotype used as reference (Carrizo citrange, C/2xCCs), (ii) rootstock propagation methods by comparing trifoliate orange seedling (C/2xTOs) with cutting (C/2xTOc). A mild water deficit observed under orchard conditions during the summer period (July–August) induced a significant change in yield (except in C/2xTOs), fruit size, and quality. C/2xCCs, C/2xTOs, and C/2xWLs appeared less affected by water deficit as indicated by their lower reduction of predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd), relative water content (RWC), transpiration (E), and photosynthetic parameters (Pnet and gs). Their greater redox balance was probably due to their better antioxidant efficiency. Seedling rootstocks lead to a better adaptation of clementine scions to water deficit than cutting or allotetraploid rootstock. Improving the tolerance to water deficit requires taking into consideration the rootstock genotype, propagation method, and ploidy level.

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