Effects of girdling time on growth, yield, and fruit maturity of the low chill peach cultivar Flordaprince

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Allan ◽  
AP George ◽  
RJ Nissen ◽  
TS Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Harvest Data ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Marketable Size ◽  
Subtropical Australia

Low chill Flordaprince peach trees in subtropical Australia were trunk-girdled at 1 of 3 times during fruit development: pre stone hardening (pre SH), post stone hardening (post SH), and 2 weeks before expected first harvest (BFH). Measures were made of fruit and shoot growth, harvest data, and starch levels in different tree parts. The pre SH girdling gave the greatest (P<0.05) increase in fruit size during stage 2 of fruit development, and pre and post SH girdling treatments gave progressively earlier (P<0.05) and shorter (10 days v. 24 days for control) main harvest period. Girdling resulted in greater numbers of fruit of larger, desirable marketable size (>90 g) than the control, although the latter caught up in average yield because of longer development period and some variability in numbers of fruit per tree. Split pip was not a problem. Fruit sugar content was significantly (P<0.05) higher with post SH and BFH girdling treatments than with control or pre SH treatment. Girdling temporarily increased starch levels in the leaves and shoots and reduced shoot growth.

scholarly journals Effect of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine and Surfactants on Preharvest Drop, Maturity, and Fruit Quality of Two Processing Peach Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Silicone Surfactants ◽  
Color Development ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Harvest Data ◽  
Peach Trees

The effect of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), commercially available as ReTain, and three organo-silicone surfactants were evaluated in a series of four experiments over a 2-year period in two commercial peach orchards. Four rates of AVG (0, 66, 132, and 264 mg·L–1 AVG; all applied with 0.05% Sylgard 309) and three surfactants (0.05% Sylgard 309; 0.05% Regulaid; and 0.50% LI-700; all applied with 132 mg·L–1 AVG) were applied to `Venture' and `Babygold 7' peach trees 10 days before first harvest. Fruit were harvested according to commercial standard maturation criteria of background color, suture filling, and fruit size. Treatments were assessed in relation to fruit maturity, delay in harvest, fruit size and yield, fruit quality (flesh firmness and brix), as well as fruit quality following 2 weeks of cold storage. Based on sequential harvest data, the maturation of the AVG treated trees was delayed by about 3 to 4 days. Fruit from AVG treated trees were firmer at harvest and 2 weeks following cold storage at 2°C. However, no additional increase in fruit size or yield was detected. In addition, the addition of a surfactant was not necessary for AVG to be efficacious for delaying maturity and enhancing firmness when applied at 132 mg·L–1 AVG. However, when the three surfactants were compared, Regulaid and Li 700 advanced color development in one experiment and Li-700 resulted in firmer fruit in another. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine applications to the clingstone cultivars `Venture' and `Babygold 7' can be used successfully to manage harvest activities by delaying the onset of picking and improving fruit firmness.

scholarly journals PHENOLOGY OF LOW-CHILL `FLORDAPRINCE' PEACH

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 669a-669
Author(s):  
Peter Allan ◽  
Alan George ◽  
Robert Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Extension Growth ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Subtropical Australia ◽  
Leaf N

Low chill `Flordaprince' peach trees were grown in subtropical Australia, either following paclobutrazol application to dwarf the trees, or extra nitrogen to invigorate them. Fruits were thinned uniformly. Paclobutrazol significantly reduced the competing spring shoot growth and gave earlier maturity of larger, better quality fruits. It reduced the spring, but increased the autumn root flush. Stage 2 of fruit growth was slightly longer in vigorous trees, resulting in delayed seed growth and greater dry mass of the embryos. Starch reserves were greatest in the roots, followed by the trunk, shoots and leaves. The reserves were lowest during the second half of fruit development, but rose again after the end of shoot extension growth. Leaf N, P, and K levels decreased through the season while Ca and Mg increased. There were significantly lower K and higher Ca and Mg levels in dwarfed trees.

Effects of postharvest topping, autumn cincturing, and paclobutrazol on growth, yield, and fruit quality of the low chill nectarine cv. Sundowner in subtropical Australia

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
AP George ◽  
RJ Nissen ◽  
T Rassmussen
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Subtropical Australia

Combinations of 3 methods of controlling tree size (use of the growth retardant paclobutrazol, postharvest topping, and autumn cincturing) were evaluated for their effects on growth, yield, and fruit quality of the low chill nectarine cv. Sundowner in subtropical Australia. Compared with controls over 3 seasons, paclobutrazol used alone reduced tree size by 34-52%, with further reductions when combined with light and severe postharvest topping (by 5-25 and 58-71%, respectively). Yield efficiency (as measured by yield per unit canopy volume) was significantly improved by paclobutrazol and was doubled when paclobutrazol was combined with severe postharvest topping. Although this combination reduced time associated with pruning, thinning, and harvesting, it had the disadvantage of delaying flowering and, consequently, fruit maturity in the subsequent harvest season. Light postharvest topping and autumn cincturing used with paclobutrazol had little effect on yield efficiency, fruit quality, or harvest period. The seasonal pattern of starch reserves for twigs was similar for all treatments, with starch levels falling to a minimum during the early harvest period. Measurements of starch in the major tree organs showed that at very low harvest increments (<10) there was little or no depletion of starch from the twigs and leaves, but as harvest increments increased (range 10-40), there was increasing starch depletion, in order of priority, from the roots, trunks, and limbs.

Evaluation of growth and fruit production characteristics of 15 saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) cultivars at maturity

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. St-Pierre ◽  
A. M. Zatylny ◽  
H. P. Tulloch
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Amelanchier Alnifolia ◽  
Julian Date ◽  
New Cultivars ◽  
Production Characteristics

The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the growth, yield, fruit size and ripening characteristics of mature plants of 15 saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) cultivars. Data were collected from two sites in Saskatchewan over 5 yr (1999–2003). The cultivars included Bluff, Buffalo, Forestburg, Honeywood, JB30, Martin, Nelson, Northline, PAR 90, Parkhill, Pearson II, Pembina, Smoky, Success, and Thiessen. Mean annual growth of shoots ranged from 10.5 cm yr-1 for Parkhill to 21.4 cm yr-1 for JB30. The number of days for fruit to change from 10 to 90% ripe did not differ among the cultivars and averaged 13.8 d. The Julian date to attain 50% ripe fruit ranged from 196 to 209. Fruit of PAR 90, Honeywood, JB30, Martin, Success and Thiessen matured 4–13 d earlier than fruit of Bluff, Northline, Parkhill, Buffalo, Nelson, and Pembina. Marketable yields, which averaged 93.4% of the total harvested yields, ranged from 0.72 to 4.16 kg plant-1. Pearson II, Honeywood, and Smoky had greater marketable yields (4.1–4.16 kg plant-1) than did PAR 90, Parkhill, Nelson, Success, and Pembina (0.72–2.49 kg plant-1). Thiessen, Martin, PAR 90 and JB30 had the largest fruit (13.3–13.9 mm), and Success and Bluff had the smallest (10.8–10.9 mm). Data from this study provide a basis on which to evaluate currently available cultivars and new cultivars or future selections that may be developed. Key words: Amelanchier alnifolia, fruit size, shoot growth, cultivar evaluation, ripening

scholarly journals Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Strawberry (Frageria ananasa Dutch) under Different Phosphorus Levels

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Husain Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Sajjid ◽  
Sikandar Hayat ◽  
Rizwan Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
The University ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

<p><em>Strawberry fruit takes less time for production and is easily multiplied. Fruiting is an exhaustive process and depletes nutrients especially phosphorus as it is highly immobile in the soil. An experiment was conducted in The University of Peshawar, Pakistan to evaluate different level of Phosphorous on growth, yield and fruit quality of Strawberry Cv Chandler. Results show that Phosphorus at 90 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> significantly influenced the days to flowering (102.66) of strawberry plants while, at 80 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> significantly affected days to fruit set (2.98), days to fruit maturity (20.05), Number of fruits (7.50) and Total fruit yield tons ha<sup>-1</sup>(3.61). Fruit size (6.42 cm3) was significantly affected at 70 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>. Similarly, Ascorbic acid (62.61), percent acidity (0.64) and Total soluble solids (7.83) were significantly affected by phosphorus at 60 kg ha<sup>-1</sup></em></p>

scholarly journals Prohexadione-Ca Reduces Russet and Does Not Negate the Efficacy of GA4+7 Sprays for Russet Control on ‘Golden Delicious’ Apples

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven McArtney ◽  
J.D. Obermiller ◽  
A. Green
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium

A series of four experiments were undertaken to evaluate the effects of individual and combined applications of prohexadione-Ca (P-Ca) and GA4+7 primarily on fruit russet, but also on fruit set, fruit weight, early season shoot growth, and fruit maturity of ‘Golden Delicious’ apples (Malus × domestica Borkh.). A single application of P-Ca (138 to 167 mg·L−1) at petal fall (PF) reduced the severity of russet in three of the four experiments; however, multiple applications of 20 ppm GA4+7 at 10-day intervals beginning at PF generally reduced russet more effectively than P-Ca. P-Ca did not reduce the efficacy of GA4+7 sprays for russet reduction. However, GA4+7 sprays reduced the inhibitory effects of P-Ca on shoot growth measured 30 days after PF. A single application of P-Ca at PF had no effect on mean fruit weight at harvest. Fruit size was lowest for the combined P-Ca and GA4+7 treatment in every experiment, although there was a significant interaction between P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays on mean fruit weight in only one experiment. There were no consistent effects of P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays, alone or in combination, on fruit maturity parameters at harvest. These data show that a single application of P-Ca at PF reduced russet severity, and the effects of P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays on russet can be additive. The economic benefits resulting from a reduction in russet severity after combined P-Ca and GA4+7 sprays will need to be balanced against their occasional negative effect on fruit size. Chemical names used: prohexadione-calcium [3-oxido-4-propionyl-5-oxo-3 cyclohexenecarboxylate formulated as Apogee (27.5% a.i.)].

scholarly journals Effect of Preplant Fertilization, Annual Fertilization, Irrigation, and Fertigation on `Empire' Apple Fruit Size and Yield

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 582c-582
Author(s):  
Terence L. Robinson ◽  
Warren C Stiles
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Yield Efficiency

A field experiment was established in 1992 with `Empire' apple trees on either M.7 or M.9 rootstock. Preplant fertilization with NPKB plus lime compared to the lime only control did not increase tree growth during the first 4 years, but did increase cumulative yield (10%) and average fruit size (7%). The addition of annual applications of ground-applied NKB after planting increased total shoot growth 17%, as well as yield (26%) and fruit size (14%) compared to the lime only control. Trickle irrigation significantly increased trunk cross-sectional area (17%), shoot growth (16%), yield (18%), fruit size (5%), and yield efficiency (7%). The interaction of ground fertilization and trickle irrigation showed that trickle irrigation increased the benefits of ground applied fertilizers. Without trickle irrigation, ground-applied fertilizers increased shoot growth only 6% and yield 14% compared to the unfertilized controls, but, with the addition of trickle irrigation, the ground-applied fertilizers increased shoot growth 21% and yield 21% over the irrigated but unfertilized control. Ground fertilization increased yield efficiency and fruit size by the percentage by whether or not trickle irrigation was present. Fertigation gave similar results as the trickle plus ground fertilizer treatment on tree growth, yield, fruit size, and yield efficiency. Our results indicate that trickle irrigation in the eastern United States can improve tree growth, yield, and fruit size in the first few years after planting. The addition of ground-applied fertilizer or fertigation can improve tree performance even more. However, in the humid New York climate, there does not appear to be a significant benefit from injecting the fertilizer into the trickle water compared to applying the fertilizer on the ground.

scholarly journals Ta Tao Peach Interstems Influence Cultivar Phenology, Vigor, and Fruiting in South Carolina

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 582e-583
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Reighard ◽  
David R. Ouellette
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Peach Trees

Twenty-six peach and six plum cultivars budded to 20–50 cm Ta Tao five or twenty-four interstems on Lovell rootstock were observed in four trials at two locations in South Carolina. The locations were in the Piedmont near Clemson and the Sandhills near Pontiac, S.C. The objective of growing peach cultivars on interstems was to delay scion phenology to reduce risk from late spring freezes. Data from these trials were collected from 1989 to 1996. Average bloom delay for peach cultivars on interstems was significant each year from 1991 through 1996 and ranged from 5 to 9 days later than the noninterstem controls. Bloom of plum cultivars on interstems was not significantly affected. Interstem peach trees had significantly smaller trunk cross-sectional areas and averaged from 32% smaller in 3-year-old trees to 35% in 7-year-old trees. Interstem trees also had fewer lateral vegetative budbreaks (i.e., blind wood). Fruit maturity was significantly delayed on most peach cultivars on interstems. Fruit of early cultivars (90 days past bloom) ripened 2–4 days later on interstems. Likewise, mid-season cultivars ripened 5–6 days later and late season cultivars (>130 days past bloom) 3-4 days later. Fruit size was smaller on interstem trees when trees were either inadequately thinned or drought-stressed.

Hydrogen Cyanamide Increases Leafing and Reduces Fruit Development Period of Southern Highbush Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 529c-529
Author(s):  
J.G. Williamson ◽  
B.E. Maust ◽  
R.L. Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
North Central ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Southern Highbush

Mature, field-grown `Misty' southern highbush blueberry plants were sprayed to drip with 0, 20.4, and 10.2 g·L–1 concentrations of hydrogen cyanamide in north-central Florida on 20 Dec. and 7 Jan. 1996–97. Plants were dormant and leafless, with slightly swollen flower buds, at the time of spray applications. All hydrogen cyanamide sprays increased the extent and earliness of vegetative budbreak and canopy establishment. The number of vegetative budbreaks per centimeter of shoot length increased linearly with increasing spray concentration of hydrogen cyanamide. Hydrogen cyanamide-treated fruit had greater average fresh weights and shorter average fruit development periods than non-treated fruit. On 15 Apr., 40% ti 60% of hydrogen cyanamide-treated fruit were ripe compared to about 10% of control fruit. Some flower bud damage and subsequent fruit thinning was observed from the 20.4 g·L–1 spray, especially at the later spray date. Hydrogen cyanamide shows potential for increasing early fruit maturity and fruit size of some southern highbush blueberry cultivars in Florida.

Evaluation of growth, yield, and fruit size of chokecherry, pincherry, highbush cranberry, and black currant cultivars in Saskatchewan

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. St-Pierre ◽  
A. M. Zatylny ◽  
H. P. Tulloch
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Trial Data ◽  
Ribes Nigrum ◽  
Black Currant ◽  
Prunus Virginiana ◽  
The University ◽  
New Cultivars

The objective of this study was to quantitatively characterize the growth, yield and fruit size of cultivars of chokecherry (Prunus virginiana L.), pincherry (Prunus pensylvanica L.f.), highbush cranberry (Viburnum trilobum Marsh.), and black currant (Ribes nigrum L.). Cultivars were evaluated in replicated trials at two sites (Saskatoon and Outlook) in Saskatchewan over 2–5 yr. Espenant, Garrington, Lee Red, and Boughen Yellow were among the highest yielding of the chokecherry cultivars (mean yield = 7.2 kg plant-1 at Saskatoon); of these, Lee Red had the largest fruit. The pincherry cultivar Lee #4 (mean yield = 3.1 kg plant-1) yielded at least twice as much as Mary Liss or Jumping Pound. Highbush cranberry cultivars Alaska, Espenant, Garry Pink, Manitou, and Wentworth averaged yields of 2.0 kg plant-1 at Saskatoon. Of these, Manitou had the largest fruit. Two black currant trials were established; the cultivars included in the second trial were not available at the time of establishment of the first trial. Black currant yields ranged from 0.2 kg plant-1 for Willoughby to 1.0 kg plant-1 for Consort in the first trial, and from 0.2 kg plant-1 for the selection 4-24-29 to 2.0 kg plant-1 for McGinnis Black in the second trial. Black currant cultivars with the largest fruit size included Wellington, Topsy, and three numbered selections from the University of Saskatchewan (mean = 225 fruit/cup) in the first trial, and Ben Sarek, McGinnis Black, and Ben Alder (mean = 156 fruit/cup) in the second trial. Data from the current study provide a basis on which to evaluate the performance of currently available cultivars, and any new cultivars or future selections that may be developed. Key words: Prunus virginiana, Prunus pensylvanica, Viburnum trilobum, Ribes nigrum, fruit size, shoot growth, cultivar evaluation

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