Seed weight, emergence and seedling vigour of four tetraploid crested wheatgrass populations

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mellish and B. Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass

This study compared the seed weight, and seedling emergence vigor of four tetraploid crested wheatgrass populations. S9240H, a population selected for seed size, had larger seeds than the cultivars Kirk and CD-II. Heavy seeds had greater emergence and heavier seedlings than light seeds, but there were no differences in these characters among the four populations. Key words: Crested wheatgrass, seed size, seedling vigour

Effects of seed size and seed weight on seedling establishment, seedling vigour and tolerance of summer turnip rape (Brassica rapa) to flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp.

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Elliott ◽  
L. W. Mann ◽  
O. O. Olfert
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Beetle Damage

A 3-yr study was conducted on three synthetic Brassica rapa L. cultivars to determine the effects of seed size and seed weight on seedling establishment, seedling growth and susceptibility to feeding damage by flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Seed lots of AC Boreal, Fairview and Hysyn 110 were sieved to obtain small, medium and large seeds (1.4–1.6, 1.6–1.8 and 1.8–2.0 mm, respectively). In the laboratory, seedlings grown from large seeds had the largest cotyledons, highest shoot dry weight and highest biomass. Shoot weights increased as seed size increased. Sized seeds of the three cultivars were grown in the field without insecticides in 1998–2000. Seedlings of small seeds had the highest flea beetle damage and poorest seedling establishment. Shoot dry weight and biomass 14–35 d after planting increased as seed size and seed weight increased. Compared with small seeds, large seeds improved shoot dry weight, biomass and seed yield by 13–43, 25–57 and 12%, respectively. Results indicated that seedlings of medium and large seeds are more vigorous and tolerant to flea beetle damage than seedlings of small seeds. Tolerance was due to a higher initial seedling weight rather than higher relative growth rate. Shoot dry weights, biomass and yield of the three cultivars were more strongly correlated with 1000-seed weight than with seed diameter. Key words: Canola, flea beetles, seed size, seedling vigour, tolerance, seed weight

Early seedling growth and forage production of diploid and tetraploid crested wheatgrass and Russian wildrye cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G Jefferson ◽  
Bruce Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Field Trial ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Russian Wildrye

Cultivars selected for improved seedling vigour may also differ in seedling growth and subsequent forage production. The objective of this project was to compare three cultivars of crested wheatgrass (CWG) and four cultivars of Russian wildrye (RWR) for seedling growth in a greenhouse (GH) trial and two field trials when seeded at 15, 30 and 45 mm depths. Cultivars were Goliath, Kirk and Parkway CWG and SCR39903, Swift, Tetracan, and Tom RWR. Seedling emergence, tiller number, and seedling biomass were determined at 28 d after seeding (DAS) in all three trials. In addition, forage dry matter (DM) yield was determined for 2 yr in the field trials. Small-seeded diploid Parkway crested wheatgrass had reduced emergence at 45 mm seeding depth compared with larger-seeded tetraploid Kirk and Goliath. Goliath had reduced tillering compared with the other two CWG cultivars. The emergence of Tetracan tetraploid RWR was greater at deeper seeding depth than diploid cultivars, SCR39902, Swift and Tom in Field Trial 2, but not in Field Trial 1 and the GH trial. Seedling tiller number of Tetracan RWR was less than that of the other three cultivars. Two-year total CWG forage DM yield in the field was best correlated to emergence. In contrast, 2-yr total RWR forage DM was best correlated to seedling tiller number in GH and Field Trial 2 despite the low tiller numbers at 28 d after seeding. Field emergence of Russian wildrye did not appear to be limiting to seedling establishment in contrast to previous reports. Selection in RWR should include seedling tiller number in combination with seedling emergence in order to improve both seedling vigour and forage productivity. Key words: Establishment, tiller, emergence, forage yields, seedling depth

scholarly journals Influence of Seed Size on Seedling Emergence, Growth and Yield of Potted Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Oyewole, Charles Iledun ◽  
Aminu Patience
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Visual Assessment ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
State University ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Pot experiments were conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State in the Southern Guinea savannah ecological zone of Nigeria to evaluate the influence of seed size on plant performance with reference to seedling emergence, seedling growth, development and yield components and yield of groundnut (Arachis hypogea). The treatment consisted of three different seed sizes: small, medium and large seeds apportioned to a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with ten replications. For seed size, the seeds were initially graded into small, medium and large seeds based on visual assessment for length and diameter and from each group 100-seed weight was determined thus 100-seed weight became the parameter for measuring seed size as used in this experiment. The analyzed data showed no significant effect of seed size on groundnut canopy height, leaf number, leaf area, stem girth, days to first flower, number of pods / plant, pod weight, and shelling percentage, but significantly influenced mean days to seedling emergence, days to 50 percent flowering, 100-seed weight and taproot length. The significant effect of seed size on days to seedling emergence, days to 50 percent flowering, 100-seed weight and taproot length could significantly influence farmers’ opinion in the choice of seeds used in planting a field; as this could determine crop maturity, grain yield/ha while length of tap root could affect depth of root forage for nutrients and water, thus crop survival. Despite the non-significant effect of the treatment (seed size) on most parameters investigated, generally crop performance increased with seed size and vice versa, thus sowing of larger seeds is recommended for better groundnut performance.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SEED SIZE AND CULTIVAR ON EMERGENCE OF BROCCOLI IN CRUSTED SOIL

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 478a-478
Author(s):  
Douglas W. Heather ◽  
Joseph B. Sieczka
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Soil Crusting ◽  
Final Yield ◽  
Horticultural Research

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted in 1988 and 1989 to determine the effect of seed size and cultivar on seedling emergence through crusted soil for several hybrid broccoli cultivars (Brassica oleracea ssp. italica). Seed was separated into four sizes (2.0, 1.8, 1.6 and 1.4 mm diameter) for the greenhouse investigations and soil crusting was achieved with a chemical resin. In 1989, field experiments using three seed sizes (small=1.4-1.6, medium=1.7-1.9 and large=2.0-2.2 mm diameter) were planted at the Long Island Horticultural Research Laboratory in a Riverhead sandy loam which crusted readily after rainfall. Seedling emergence data from both greenhouse and field studies indicate that both seed size and cultivar significantly affect stand establishment. Seedling stand, dry weight and final yield significantly increased as seed size increased for both cultivars in the field experiments. The emergence of `Mariner' was generally found to be significantly greater than that of `Greenlady' for each seed size. Emergence was also influenced by seed weight.

Goliath crested wheatgrass

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Coulman
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Agropyron Cristatum ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Crested Wheatgrass ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Prairie Provinces

Goliath is a colchicine-induced tetraploid cultivar of crested wheatgrass [Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner]. Relative to other cultivars of crested wheatgrass, Goliath is taller, produces fewer, heavier tillers, and has greater seed weight. It produced higher seed yields than other cultivars and had a higher mean forage dry matter yield than the check cultivar in regional trials conducted in the three Canadian prairie provinces. Key words: Crested wheatgrass, Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertner, colchicine-induced tetraploid, cultivar description

Effects of seed size and seed weight on seedling establishment, vigour and tolerance of Argentine canola (Brassica napus) to flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp.

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Elliott ◽  
C. Franke ◽  
G. F. W. Rakow
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Beetle Damage

A 3-yr study was conducted on four Brassica napus L. cultivars to determine the effects of seed size and seed weight on the performance and tolerance of canola seedlings to feeding damage by flea beetles, Phyllotreta spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysom elidae). Seed lots of a doubled haploid cultivar Cyclone, hybrid cultivar AC H102 and two open-pollinated cultivars Profit and AC Elect were sieved to obtain small, medium, large and very large seeds (1.4–1.6, 1.6–1.8, 1.8–2.0 and 2.0–2.2 mm diameter, respectively). Under controlled environmental conditions, leaf area, shoot weight and biomass of seedlings from large and very large seeds were 1.3–2.0 times greater than those of seedlings from small seeds. Under field conditions without insecticides, seedlings from small seeds of each cultivar had the highest flea beetle damage, poorest establishment, and lowest shoot weight, biomass and yield. Compared with small seeds, large seeds improved seedling establishment, shoot weight, biomass and yield by 1.1, 1.6–2.0, 3.0–3.5 and 1.5 times, respectively. Results indicated that seedlings from large seeds are more vigorous and tolerant to flea beetle damage than seedlings from medium or small seeds. Seedling vigour and tolerance was due to a higher initial shoot biomass and higher growth rate when flea beetle damage was severe. When damage exceeded 50%, large heavy seeds had the best stand establishment, best shoot growth and highest yield in each cultivar. Key words: Canola, flea beetles, seed size, seed weight, seedling vigour, tolerance

Detection and Mapping of RAPD Markers Associated with QTL Affecting Seed Size and Shape in Common Bean

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 547b-547
Author(s):  
Soon O. Park ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Geunhwa Jung ◽  
E. Arnaud-Santana ◽  
H. Ariyarathne
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Seed Shape ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Ri Lines

Seed size is an important trait in common bean. The objective was to identify RAPD markers associated with QTL for seed weight, seed length, and seed height in a molecular marker-based linkage map in a recombinant inbred (RI) population from the common bean cross of the larger seeded (100 seed/39 to 47 g) PC-50 (ovate seed shape) × smaller seeded (100 seed/26 to 35 g) XAN-159 (flat rhomboidal seed shape). The parents and RI lines were grown in two separate greenhouse and two field (Wisconsin, Dominican Republic) experiments using a RCBD. Continuous distributions for seed weight, seed length, and seed height were observed for RI lines indicating quantitative inheritance. One to three QTLs affecting seed weight explained 17% to 41% of the phenotypic variation. Two to three QTLs for seed length explained 23% to 45% of the phenotypic variation. One to four QTL associated with seed height explained 17% to 39% of the phenotypic variation. A RAPD marker M5.850 in linkage group 3 was consistently associated with seed weight, seed length, and seed height in all experiments and explained 7% to 13% of the phenotypic variation for these traits. A seedcoat pattern morphological marker (C) in linkage group 1 was associated with seed weight and seed height in two greenhouse experiments.

scholarly journals Effect of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point disease of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The efficacy of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point incidence of wheat seeds was evaluated in the field. Two seed treating fungicides, namely Vitavax-200 and Homai-80WP were used @ 0.25% of dry seed weight and foliar spray with Tilt-250EC (0.05%) was applied in six different schedules. Untreated and unsprayed controls were also maintained. Seed treatment with either Vitavax-200 or Homai-80WP significantly increased plant population and grain yield, but none of them was found effective in reducing black point incidence. On the other hand, foliar sprays with Tilt-250EC under all the spray schedules except spraying at 70 and 90 DAS significantly minimized the disease severity over unsprayed control. Among the different spray schedules, spraying at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 DAS appeared to be most effective, which was similar to spraying at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS in reducing black point incidence and increasing grain yield. Economic analysis on yield advantage showed that the highest additional gross margin of Tk. 6120/ha with BCR 2.57 was obtained from five sprays applied at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS. Key Words: Seed treatment, foliar spray, black point, wheat. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3968 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 425-434, September 2009

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