Efficacy of inorganic fertilizers in restoring wheat yields on artificially eroded soils

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis J. Larney ◽  
H. Henry Janzen ◽  
Barry M. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
P Rate

Chemical fertilizers are often used to amend eroded agricultural land. However, the relationships between level of erosion, nitrogen (N) rate and phosphorus (P) rate in restoring soil productivity are unclear. In 1990, experiments were initiated to examine the effect of three levels of erosion (0, 10 and 20 cm of topsoil removal to simulate non-eroded, moderately eroded and severely eroded soils), four rates of N and three rates of P on the performance of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for four southern Alberta soils. Residual erosion and fertilizer effects were assessed in a second cropped year. Erosion significantly decreased grain and straw yield at all four sites in the initial year. Removing 10 and 20 cm of topsoil reduced non-fertilized production by 43–66% and 60–85%, respectively, as compared with the undisturbed non-fertilized plots. Except for one site in the initial year, additions of N and P only partly remedied these losses. Responses to N and P were highest at moderate levels of erosion at three sites. There was a greater yield overlap between moderately and severely eroded treatments than between non-eroded and moderately eroded treatments, implying that the restoration of productivity is more difficult once the shallowest layer of topsoil has been removed. Key words: Simulated erosion, wheat, inorganic fertilizer, soil restoration

EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON GRAIN YIELD, STRAW YIELD AND HARVEST INDEX OF EIGHT SPRING WHEAT CULTIVARS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BAKER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Linear Response ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Rate Interaction

Eight cultivars of spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., were evaluated at seeding rates of 110, 270 and 430 seeds/m2 in a total of nine experiments spanning three locations, two dates of seeding and 2 yr. Grain yield exhibited a significant cultivar × experiment × linear response to seeding rate interaction. Grain yield of Pitic 62 showed a significant decrease with increased seeding rate in one experiment while giving the greatest increase in another. Over all experiments, the highest seeding rate gave the highest grain yield. For straw yield, Chester showed the greatest response to seed rate, Canuck the least. With the exception of Canuck, which showed a significant increase in harvest index with increased seeding rate, harvest index tended to be greater at the intermediate seeding rate.

ADVERSE INFLUENCE OF AWNS ON YIELD OF WHEAT

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
HUGH McKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Spike Count ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Moisture Supply ◽  
Adverse Influence

Reciprocal backcrosses between two spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) cultivars, awned Lee and awnletted Thatcher, provided "awnletted" Lee lines and "awned" Thatcher lines. Comparisons between yields of the awned and awnletted forms of the two cultivars at several locations in southern Alberta over a 4-year period showed a relation between awnedness and yield. The awnletted form generally was superior to the awned in yield. This finding contrasts with findings in most previous studies where the awned forms outyielded the awnless and awnletted ones. Moisture supply during the growing season did not influence the effect of awnedness on yield. Plumpness of kernels, contrary to the findings of some previous investigators, was not associated with awnedness. Differences in kernel count per spike were slight between the awned and awnletted pairs. Spike count per unit area was greater for the "awnletted" than for the awned Lee lines but was not different between the awnletted and "awned" Thatcher pairs.

scholarly journals Mapping quantitative trait loci associated with common bunt resistance in a spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) variety Lillian

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (11) ◽  
pp. 3023-3033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firdissa E. Bokore ◽  
Richard D. Cuthbert ◽  
Ron E. Knox ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
Heather L. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Common Bunt ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Bunt Resistance

Biggar red spring wheat

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. DePauw ◽  
K. R. Preston ◽  
T. F. Townley-Smith ◽  
E. A. Hurd ◽  
G. E. McCrystal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Flour Milling ◽  
Wide Adaptation ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
End Use ◽  
Milling Properties

Biggar red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combines high grain yield potential with semidwarf stature and wide adaptation. Biggar has improved end-use suitability relative to HY320 such as harder kernels, better flour milling properties, greater water absorption, and stronger gluten properties. It received registration No. 3089 and is eligible for grades of Canada Prairie Spring (red). Key words: Triticum aestivum, wheat (spring), high yield, cultivar description

EFFECTS OF INCREMENTAL N FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF SIX SPRING WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) CULTIVARS IN SOUTHERN MANITOBA

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. GEHL ◽  
L. D. BAILEY ◽  
C. A. GRANT ◽  
J. M. SADLER
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation

A 3-yr study was conducted on three Orthic Black Chernozemic soils to determine the effects of incremental N fertilization on grain yield and dry matter accumulation and distribution of six spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Urea (46–0–0) was sidebanded at seeding in 40 kg N ha−1 increments from 0 to 240 kg ha−1 in the first year and from 0 to 200 kg ha−1 in the 2 subsequent years. Nitrogen fertilization increased the grain and straw yields of all cultivars in each experiment. The predominant factor affecting the N response and harvest index of each cultivar was available moisture. At two of the three sites, 91% of the interexperiment variability in mean maximum grain yield was explained by variation in root zone moisture at seeding. Mean maximum total dry matter varied by less than 12% among cultivars, but mean maximum grain yield varied by more than 30%. Three semidwarf cultivars, HY 320, Marshall and Solar, had consistently higher grain yield and grain yield response to N than Glenlea and Katepwa, two standard height cultivars, and Len, a semidwarf. The mean maximum grain yield of HY 320 was the highest of the cultivars on test and those of Katepwa and Len the lowest. Len produced the least straw and total dry matter. The level of N fertilization at maximum grain yield varied among cultivars, sites and years. Marshall and Solar required the highest and Len the lowest N rates to achieve maximum grain yield. The year-to-year variation in rates of N fertilization needed to produce maximum grain yield on a specific soil type revealed the limitations of N fertility recommendations based on "average" amounts and temporal distribution of available moisture.Key words: Wheat (spring), N response, standard height, semidwarf, grain yield

scholarly journals The genetics of late maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) in North American spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Rehana S. Parveen ◽  
Samuel R. Revolinski ◽  
Kimberly A. Garland Campbell ◽  
Michael O. Pumphrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
North American ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Preharvest Sprouting ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Late Maturity

Abstract Genetic susceptibility to late maturity alpha-amylase (LMA) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) results in increased alpha-amylase activity in mature grain when cool conditions occur during late grain maturation. Farmers are forced to sell wheat grain with elevated alpha-amylase at a discount because it has an increased risk of poor end-product quality. This problem can result from either LMA or preharvest sprouting, grain germination on the mother plant when rain occurs before harvest. Whereas preharvest sprouting is a well-understood problem, little is known about the risk LMA poses to North American wheat crops. To examine this, LMA susceptibility was characterized in a panel of 251 North American hard spring wheat lines, representing ten geographical areas. It appears that there is substantial LMA susceptibility in North American wheat since only 27% of the lines showed reproducible LMA resistance following cold-induction experiments. A preliminary genome-wide association study detected six significant marker-trait associations. LMA in North American wheat may result from genetic mechanisms similar to those previously observed in Australian and International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) germplasm since two of the detected QTLs, QLMA.wsu.7B and QLMA.wsu.6B, co-localized with previously reported loci. The Reduced height (Rht) loci also influenced LMA. Elevated alpha-amylase levels were significantly associated with the presence of both wild-type and tall height, rht-B1a and rht-D1a, loci in both cold-treated and untreated samples.

HARMFUL EFFECT OF WORKED-DOWN WINTER WHEAT ON SPRING-SEEDED WHEAT AND RAPESEED

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. FREYMAN ◽  
G. B. SCHAALJE
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Causative Effect ◽  
Effect On Yield

Where winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ’Norstar’) was worked-down on 1 May and the plots reseeded to spring wheat immediately, no detrimental effect on yield of spring wheat was found. However, delaying this action until 15 May reduced the yields of spring-seeded wheat because of the harmful effect of decomposing winter wheat and late seeding. Moisture depletion by winter wheat was eliminated as a causative effect by light irrigations during May. Yields of rapeseed (Brassica campestris L. ’Candle’) were not so severely reduced by worked-down winter wheat. The harmful effect was significant only with 30 May cultivation and seeding date.Key words: Phytotoxicity, Triticum aestivum, Brassica campestris, worked-down

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