THE EFFECT OF ZINC RATE AND PLACEMENT ON YIELD AND ZINC UTILIZATION BY BLACKBEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris var. Black Turtle)

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. SOPER ◽  
G. W. MORDEN ◽  
M. W. HEDAYAT
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Zone ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Method Of Placement ◽  
Zinc Utilization ◽  
Zinc Placement

Growth chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of size of fertilizer reaction zone, rate of added zinc and method of placement of added zinc on the dry matter yield, zinc concentration and zinc uptake of blackbeans grown on a calcareous soil. Relationships between zinc concentrations in the plant, zinc utilization by the plant and zinc concentration in the soil reaction zone were obtained. An equation was developed relating zinc utilization to zinc concentration in the fertilizer band, and a figure was derived showing how increasing the size of the fertilizer zone impacts upon the zinc concentration of the plant. The results indicate that inorganic zinc fertilizers must be mixed as uniformly as possible for maximum effectiveness. Key words: Zinc, placement, calcareous, soil, blackbean, Phaseolis vulgaris

Zinc availability to young wheat plants in Darling Downs black earths

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Radjagukguk ◽  
DG Edwards ◽  
LC Bell
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Ammonium Carbonate ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Available Zinc ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
Critical Zinc Concentration

A pot experiment in which wheat cv. Timgalen was grown in a glasshouse for 6 weeks clearly established that some of the 12 Darling Downs black earths investigated were zinc deficient. Rates of application between 1.2 and 3.7 kg zinc ha-1 (as ZnSO4.7H2O) were sufficient to achieve maximum or near-maximum dry matter yield of tops on the deficient soils. Plant zinc concentration and total zinc uptake in the tops increased in all soils with increasing rates of zinc application. The critical zinc concentration in the wheat tops associated with 90% of maximum dry matter yield was 20 �g g-1. Three extraction methods were used to determine the initial available zinc status of the soils. All methods gave lower extractable zinc values in the acid (pH <7 . 0 in 0.01 M calcium chloride) black earths (Mywybilla soils) than in the alkaline black earths. Critical extractable zinc values were much lower in the acid black earths. EDTA-ammonium carbonate (pH 8.6) more effectively separated zinc-deficient and marginally deficient from adequately supplied alkaline black earths than either EDTA-ammonium acetate (pH 7.0) or DTPA (pH 7.3). The critical extractable zinc value for the alkaline black earths with EDTA-ammonium carbonate was 0.61 �g g-1.

Zinc Nutrition of Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith) Seedlings

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
IM Wallace ◽  
B Dell ◽  
JF Loneragan
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Eucalyptus Marginata ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Phosphorus Accumulation ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

The relationships of seven levels of zinc supply to dry matter and zinc concentration were assessed for jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Smith) seedlings grown for 84 days in a zinc-deficient sand in the glasshouse. Zinc deficiency symptoms appeared within 28 days of sowing as a change in leaf colour of young leaves from green to bronze. Later, red areas developed and these became necrotic in severe cases. These symptoms were accompanied by decreased shoot and root dry weights. Zinc concentrations in various plant parts were low and, with the exception of the shoot apex, showed little response to zinc supply. Concentrations at the shoot apex varied from 3�g/g in deficient plants to 12�g/g in plants with adequate zinc supply. We suggest that of the plant parts analysed, the shoot apex is the only one which may be useful in defining zinc status of jarrah seedlings. Critical zinc concentration for this tissue was between 10 and 12 �g/g dry matter. Phosphorus concentrations in all plant parts, except the shoot apex, increased to very high levels with increasing zinc deficiency. It is suggested that some zinc deficiency symptoms of jarrah seedlings, e.g. necrosis, may have resulted from phosphorus accumulation due to zinc deficiency.

The influence of watering regimen on soil pH and zince nutrition of soyabean cv. Wills grown in soil pot culture

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 871 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hunter ◽  
DG Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Substantial Decline ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

The changes over time in soil pH, plant growth and zinc uptake by soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cv. Wills grown in a zinc-deficient black earth under two watering regimens, viz. watering to weight (WTW) and constant water table (CWT), were determined in a pot experiment. In the absence of applied zinc, CWT plants achieved twice the dry matter yield of WTW plants. Interveinal chlorosis was observed on CWT plants at 20 days after sowing, but not on WTW plants at any time during the experiment. Leaf lamina zinc concentrations at a number of nodes were less than 10 �g g-1 in plants grown for 25 days under both watering regimens. Fertilization with zinc at 30 kg zinc ha-1 significantly increased the dry matter yield of CWT plants and, particularly, the size of laminae at node 5 and above. Plants grown in the absence of applied zinc recovered from zinc deficiency over the period from 25 to 35 days after sowing. Rates of dry matter and zinc accumulation over this period increased, while zinc concentrations in the plant and particularly in the younger leaves increased markedly. This recovery coincided with a substantial decline in soil pH. The recovery from zinc stress is attributed to the greatly increased availability of zinc to the plant roots which may have resulted from the drop in soil pH.

Plant availability of Zn fractions in Saskatchewan soils

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Liang ◽  
R. E. Karamanos ◽  
J. W. B. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Plant Availability ◽  
Mn Oxide ◽  
Navy Beans

Two growth chamber experiments were conducted to assess the plant availability of Zn fractions in nine Saskatchewan soils. In one experiment, two rates of Zn (0, and 5 mg kg−1) were applied to navy beans grown on seven soils ranging in pH from 6.2 to 7.8. Most of the applied Zn was recovered in Pb-displaceable and Mn oxide associated fractions after a 7-d incubation. Growth of navy bean plants was normal in all soils and treatments. Dry matter yield did not respond to Zn application. The positive correlations between amounts of Zn in exchangeable, Pb-displaceable and acetic acid soluble fractions and plant uptake indicated the importance of these Zn fractions in influencing availability of Zn. The DTPA soil test was not a successful method for prairie soils with diverse soil properties on the basis of correlations. In the second experiment, three rates of Zn (0, 5 and 10 mg kg−1) were applied to alfalfa grown on two soils with pH of 5.5 and 7.9. The total dry matter yield of alfalfa grown on the calcareous soil was increased significantly by Zn application. No yield response to added Zn was observed in the acidic soil. In both soils, applied Zn increased the Zn concentration and total Zn uptake of alfalfa significantly over the control treatment. Changes in the distribution of applied and native Zn in different fractions before seeding and at second harvest suggest that Zn taken up by plants in the calcareous soil was from exchangeable, acid soluble and possibly residual Zn. Zinc uptake by plants grown on the acid soil was from exchangeable, Pb-displaceable, acid soluble and possibly from Mn oxide associated fractions. Key words: Zn fractions, plant availability, navy beans, alfalfa, pH

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Nitrogen Fertilization of Basil

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481a-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
N Rates

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an important culinary herb in Virginia and other areas. The objective of this study, conducted during 1997, was to determine optimal N rate for fresh and dry matter yield. Seed of Broad Leaf sweet basil were direct-seeded on 18 June in rows 0.75 m apart in a RCBD design with 8 replications. Four N rates (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha) were used. Calcium nitrate (15.5% N) was used as the fertilizer source. All plants from 1-m row length from middle row of each plot were harvested by hand on 23 Sept. and fresh weights were recorded. The plant material was dried at 70°C for 48 h to record dry weights. The moisture content at harvest was calculated from fresh and dry weights. The fresh yields following 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha were 3.7, 5.4, 6.4, and 6.8 kg/m2, respectively. The yield difference between two highest N rates was not significant, however, both these rates had significantly higher yield than the two lowest rates. Similar results were also obtained for dry matter yields. The highest N rate of 75 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher dry matter yield (1.3 kg/m2) as compared to the other three rates. The lowest dry matter yield was obtained after the control treatment (0.6 kg/m2). An opposite relationship between N rate and moisture content was observed when the highest moisture content resulted from control and 50 kg N/ha treatments. These results indicate that optimum N rate for sweet basil in Virginia is 50 to 75 kg/ha.

Effects of Seeding Rate on the Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Value of Fall‐Grown Oat

cftm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne K. Coblentz ◽  
Jason S. Cavadini
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate
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