CHANGES IN THE THERMAL STABILITY AND ACIDIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROXY-Al-MONTMORILLONITE COMPLEXES FORMED IN THE PRESENCE OF CITRIC ACID

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
TEE BOON GOH ◽  
P. M. HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Structural Water ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Gradual Loss

The thermal stability and acidic characteristics of Al interlayered montmorillonite were affected by citric acid which was present during its formation. Perturbation to the formation of Al interlayers by citric acid resulted in more gradual loss of their structural water in the 430 °C to 520 °C region at initial citric acid/Al molar ratios of 0.1 and 0.5. The data clearly reveal that, besides hydroxy-Al polymers, hydroxy-Al-citrate complexes adsorbed on the surfaces of montmorillonite very substantially contribute to the total and third buffer range titratable acidity of the clay. Key words: Hydroxy-Al-citrate interlayers, smectite, organic acid, DTA, third buffer range, organic carbon

scholarly journals Quality Characterization of Fragaria Cultivars and Selections

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 831A-831
Author(s):  
Shiow Y. Wang ◽  
Gene J. Galletta ◽  
John L. Maas
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Strawberry Cultivars

Fruit quality of 24 selected strawberry cultivars and selections were evaluated. There were great variations in the contents of soluble solids, titratable acidity, carbohydrates, organic acids, and ascorbic acid among different cultivars, reflecting primary genetic differences. Fructose, glucose, and sucrose were found to be the three major sugars, comprising >65% of the total soluble solids in strawberry. Fruit contained lower sucrose compared to fructose and glucose, whereas leaves contained comparable amounts of fructose, glucose, and sucrose. Citric acid was the major organic acid in strawberries. Strawberries were also rich in ascorbic acid. Leaves were much higher in ascorbic acid than fruit. There appeared to be no correlation between fruit and leaves on carbohydrate, organic acid, and ascorbic acid contents.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Wine Produced from Blended Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) and Lantana camara (L. camara) Fruits

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Zenebe Tadesse Tsegay ◽  
Kidu Mezgebe Gebremedhin
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Fruit Juice ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Postharvest Loss

Blending different fruits as well as adding medicinal herbs improves important physicochemical and sensorial properties of fruit wine. The present study aimed at investigating prominent physicochemical and sensory properties of wine produced from cactus pear and Lantana camara fruit juice blend. Both fruit juices were characterized based on pH, sugar, titratable acidity, total phenol, and organic acid contents. The fermentation process was made at previously optimized fermentation temperature of 24.8°C, pH of 3.4, inoculum concentration (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) of 10.16% (v/v), and Lantana camara fruit juice concentration of 10.66% (v/v). The final wine was characterized as having pH of 3.47 ± 0.04, 4.6 ± 0.02 g/L sugar equivalent to dextrose, 0.33 ± 0.006% titratable acidity (w/v citric acid), total phenol of 696.1 ± 22.1 mg/L equivalent to gallic acid, and 4.35 ± 0.4 mg/mL organic acid equivalent to citric acid composition. Predominant color intensity, ethanol, methanol, total sulfite, and sensory value of the final wine were measured as 48.07 ± 2.66% of yellowish color, 8.6 ± 0.68% (v/v), 124.4 ± 9.5 mg/L, 129.94 ± 4.04 mg/L, and 8.65 ± 0.92, respectively. The blended Lantana camara fruit enhanced total phenol, color, and sensory value of the final wine. Titratable acidity and methanol and sulfite contents of the final wine are in an acceptable limit compared to standards for commercial wines. Utilizing cactus pear fruit by incorporating Lantana camara fruit for health-enhancing functional food development such as fruit wines could solve the current postharvest loss of both fruits and be a means of alternative beverage.

A STUDY OF SOLUTIONS TO PREVENT THE EROSION OF THE MOSS GROWING ON ARCHITECTURES OF HUE IMPERIAL CITADEL

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Nhan Duc Nguyen ◽  
Cong Nho Luong ◽  
Hoang Vu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Laboratory Result ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Funaria Hygrometrica ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation ◽  
Scientific Name

Background: The erosion of mosses on the surface of Hue imperial citadel has caused a lot of harm and is currently an urgent problem to be solved. Objectives:1. Identifying some moss species growing on Hue relics. 2. Determining the cause of slipperiness and the living environment mosses. 3. Finding a solution to limit the intrusion of the mosses. Methods: The methods are: identifying scientific name by comparing patterns, identify mucus, pH measurement and evaluation of the effects of certain chemicals on the growth of mosses in the laboratory. Result: The moss species that develop popularly in Hue relics is Funaria hygrometrica, Bryum apiculatum, Trichostomum orthodontum, Fissidens lycopodioides. Funaria hygrometrica is the most popular moss. The cause of the slipperiness is mucus in moss cells released outside the moss after death. Mosses grow well in moist environments, clear and slightly acidic surface. After two days assessing the effect of citric acid 18%, 15%, 10% and 7% NaHCO3, 5%, 3% on the growth of moss, the mosses all died completely. Since then identified two types of chemicals have been found to completely dead moss, inexpensive, environmentally friendly and does not affect the surface of architectures are citric acid 10% solution and NaHCO3 3% solution. Keywords: The moss erosion, Funaria hygrometrica, mucus, citric acid, NaHCO3 Key words: The moss erosion, Funaria hygrometrica, mucus, citric acid, NaHCO 3

scholarly journals Crude Citric Acid of Trichoderma asperellum: Tomato Growth Promotor and Suppressor of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar ◽  
WesamEldin I. A. Saber ◽  
Khalid M. Ghoneem ◽  
Elsayed E. Hafez ◽  
Amira A. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments

Presently, the bioprocessing of agricultural residues to various bioactive compounds is of great concern, with the potential to be used as plant growth promoters and as a reductive of various diseases. Lycopersiconesculentum, one of the most consumed crops in the human diet, is attacked by Fusarium wilt disease, so the main aim is to biocontrol the pathogen. Several fungal species were isolated from decayed maize stover (MS). Trichodermaasperellum was chosen based on its organic acid productivity and was molecularly identified (GenBank accession number is MW195019). Citric acid (CA) was the major detected organic acid by HPLC. In vitro, CA of T.asperellum at 75% completely repressed the growth of Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). In vivo, soaking tomato seeds in CA enhanced the seed germination and vigor index. T. asperellum and/or its CA suppressed the wilt disease caused by FOL compared to control. There was a proportional increment of plant growth and yield, as well as improvements in the biochemical parameters (chlorophyll pigments, total phenolic contents and peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities), suggesting targeting both the bioconversion of MS into CA and biological control of FOL.

The Effect of Organic Matter and Organic Acid on the Chromium Release in Sediment

2014 ◽  
Vol 1081 ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Jiu Lan Dai
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Chromium Release

Effect of organic matter and organic acid on the heavy metals, especially, chromium (Cr) release in the sediment was researched. Glucose and soluble organic starch was used as organic matter, as well, citric acid and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) were simulated as organic acid. The results showed that best adsorption time of glucose on Cr was 5h, the optimal dosage was 0.1g g-1; best adsorption time of organic soluble starch was 4h, and the optimum adding amount of 0.08g/g; best adsorption time of citric acid was 5h, the best concentration 0.005mol g-1; optimal adsorption time of organic acid EDTA was 3h, the optimum adding amount of 0.12g g-1. Glucose, soluble starch and citric acid significantly effected on the release of Cr in the sediment, however, influence of EDTA on the release of Cr was not so evident.

scholarly journals Compositional Changes during the Fruit Development of Two Peach Cultivars Differing in Juice Acidity

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annick Moing ◽  
Laurence Svanella ◽  
Dominique Rolin ◽  
Monique Gaudillère ◽  
Jean-Pierre Gaudillère ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Normal Acidity ◽  
Vacuolar Ph ◽  
C Nmr

Changes in metabolites were studied during the fruit development of two greenhouse grown peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cultivars with low acidity (`Jalousia') or normal acidity (`Fantasia'). Both cultivars had the same sucrose concentration in fruit mesocarp at maturity. In the fruit juice, pH was higher and titratable acidity was lower for `Jalousia' than for `Fantasia' from 80 days after bloom to maturity. At four different times during fruit development, in vivo 13C NMR spectroscopy was used to measure the vacuolar pH of fruit mesocarp. At 55 days after bloom, the vacuolar pH of fruit mesocarp was not significantly different between `Jalousia' and `Fantasia', whereas the juice pH was different between cultivars. The three major organic acids in fruit mesocarp were malic, citric, and quinic acids for both cultivars. Citric acid concentrations were similar in both cultivars until ≈85 days after bloom and then became significantly higher in `Fantasia'. A significantly higher concentration in malic acid in `Fantasia' than in `Jalousia' was observed from the end of the first growth phase to maturity. At maturity, `Fantasia' fruit had two and five times more malic and citric acid, respectively, than `Jalousia' fruit. The differences observed between `Jalousia' and `Fantasia' fruit for malic and citric acid concentrations accounted for the difference in titratable acidity. The differences in acid concentration appeared during the plateau between the two rapid growth phases of the fruit, i.e., far before the onset of maturation. The three major amino acids were asparagine, glutamic acid, and proline for both cultivars. Their concentration followed similar patterns in acid and low-acid fruit.

Changes in surface water quality after inundation of acid sulfate soils of different vegetation cover

Soil Research ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Johnston ◽  
P. G. Slavich ◽  
P. Hirst
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Melaleuca Quinquenervia ◽  
Vegetative Cover ◽  
Acid Sulfate ◽  
Surface Water Chemistry ◽  
Short Period

Surface soils from an acid sulfate soil (ASS) backswamp were inundated in a temperature controlled environment and surface-water chemistry changes monitored. The soils had contrasting in situ vegetative cover [i.e. 2 grass species, Cynodon dactylon and Pennisetum clandestinum (Poaceae), and litter from Melaleuca quinquenervia (Myrtaceae)]. The different vegetation types had similar biomass and carbon content; however, there were large differences in the quality and lability of that carbon, which strongly influenced decay/redox processes and the chemical composition of surface waters. The grass species had more labile carbon. Their surface waters displayed rapid sustained O2 depletion and sustained low Eh (~0 mV), high dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and moderate pH (5–6). Their soil acidity was partially neutralised, sulfides were re-formed, and reductive dissolution of Fe(III) led to the generation of stored acidity in the water column as Fe2+(aq). In contrast, M. quinquenervia litter was high in decay-resistant compounds. Its surface waters had lower DOC and low pH (<4) and only underwent a short period of low O2/Eh. Soluble Al caused M. quinquenervia surface waters to have higher titratable acidity and soil pH remained consistently low (~3.8–4.0). Concentrations of Cl– and Al in surface waters were strongly correlated to initial soil contents, whereas the behaviour of Fe and SO42– varied according to pH and redox status. This study demonstrates that changes in vegetation communities in ASS backswamps that substantially alter either (a) the pool of labile vegetative organic carbon or (b) the concentration of acidic solutes in surface soil can have profound implications for the chemical characteristics of backswamp surface waters.

Selection and Impact Mechanism of Washing Agents for Chromium Contaminated Building Waste

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1083-1092
Author(s):  
Xing Run Wang ◽  
Yan Xia Zhang ◽  
Jian Min Shu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Trivalent Chromium ◽  
Acid Condition ◽  
Impact Mechanism ◽  
Removal Mechanisms

With the building wastes contaminated by chromium in Haibei Chemical Plan in China as objects, it studied the contents of total Cr and Cr (Ⅵ) of different sizes, analyzed the effect of 6 different washing agents, discussed the removal mechanisms of 6 different washing agents for Cr in various forms, and finally selected applicable washing agent. As the results, particle size had little impact on the contents of total Cr and Cr (Ⅵ); after one washing with water, the removal rate of total Cr and Cr (Ⅵ) was 75% and 78%, respectively, and after the second washing with 6 agents, the removal rate of citric acid was the highest, above 90% for total Cr and above 99% for hexavalent chromium; the pH of building wastes were reduced by citric acid, and under acid condition, hexavalent chromium was reduced to trivalent chromium spontaneously by organic acid, which led to better removal rate of acid soluble Cr and reducible Cr; due to the complexing action, citric acid had best removal rate for oxidizable trivalent chromium. In conclusion, citric acid is the most applicable second washing agent for building wastes.

scholarly journals The Relation between Blood Organic Acid Soluble Phosphate Fractions, Citric Acid, Protein Fractions, and Lipid Fractions in Atherosclerotic Heart Diseases and in Lipemias

Circulation ◽  
1954 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
SIDNEY P. GOTTFRIED ◽  
NATHAN H. FRIEDMAN ◽  
IRVING B. AKERSON ◽  
RUSSELL H. POPE ◽  
SALVATORE DI MAURO
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Soluble Phosphate ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
Lipid Fractions
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