EFFECT OF SOLUBLE SALTS ON PLANT RESPONSE TO AND ABSORPTION OF PHOSPHORUS

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Ferguson ◽  
R. A. Hedlin
Keyword(s):  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Soil Extract ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Phosphorus Absorption ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Fertilizer experiments indicated that much higher plant response to phosphorus occurred on moderately saline than on non-saline soil. Soil analyses showed that this difference could not be explained by the amount of sodium bicarbonate extractable phosphorus contained in these two soils.Greenhouse experiments with artificially salinized soil indicated that the uptake of phosphorus by barley plants was related to the salt concentration in the soil. Phosphorus absorption increased with increasing salt concentration, reached a maximum when the saturation soil extract measured approximately 6 millimhos, and then declined with further increases in salt concentration. This relationship was similar for fertilized and unfertilized plants. However, the increase in phosphorus absorption was much greater when phosphorus fertilizer was applied.The same relationship between salt concentration and phosphorus absorption was obtained with increasing NaCl concentration in liquid cultures. Maximum phosphorus absorption by barley occurred when the solution contained between 0.05 and 0.10 molar NaCl This relationship is attributed to the effect of salts on the physiology of the plant rather than the effect of salts on phosphorus solubility.

THE EFFECT OF PLACEMENT OF BANDED FERTILIZER ON FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS ABSORPTION AND YIELD OF OATS IN GREENHOUSE AND FIELD EXPERIMENTS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Sherrell ◽  
J. W. Ketcheson ◽  
M. H. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus Absorption ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Seed Placement ◽  
Phosphorus Application ◽  
Yield Of Oats

The effect of various placements of different rates of phosphorus fertilizer on fertilizer phosphorus absorption patterns and yield of oats m the field corresponded with those in the greenhouse. While fertilizer phosphorus absorption was greater from placements with the seed than from those to the side at all stages of growth, placements below the seed were superior to those with the seed in the early stages. At maturity, absorption from with-seed placement was greater than that from deeper placements.Yield of oats was influenced by placement only on soil with a low phosphorus level. There was a significant interaction between distance and depth of placement and rate of phosphorus application in the greenhouse. Placement with the seed or 2 in. to the side and 2 in. below gave higher yields than any other placement at a high rate of application, and lower yields than any other placement at a low rate. A similar interaction was apparent in the field studies. This interaction could not be explained on the basis of fertilizer phosphorus content at any one growth stage.It was concluded that the effect of placement of phosphorus fertilizer for oats depended on the rate of application and the level of soil phosphorus. Placements with or below the seed were found superior to placements beside the seed.

THE EFFECT OF YEAST EXTRACT AND CASITONE ON THE RESPONSE TO SALT OF THE MICROFLORA OF A HIGHLY SALINE SOIL

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1427-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Keller ◽  
Y. Henis
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Soil Extract ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Initial Dilution ◽  
Soil Extract Agar

Salt-dependent, salt-resistant, and salt-sensitive bacteria were found at depths of 0–50 cm in a hydrohalomorphic soil near the shore of the Red Sea. Highest counts were obtained on soil-extract agar supplemented with 5% sodium chloride, 0.02% yeast extract, and 0.04% Casitone. Most of the bacteria, upon initial isolation, failed to grow on counting media containing 5% or 10% sodium chloride unless yeast extract and Casitone were present. However, all isolates, randomly selected from the counting medium containing 10% sodium chloride and supplemented with yeast extract and Casitone, did not need these supplements when transferred onto a new medium of the same salt concentration.Bacterial counts were significantly affected by the salt concentration of both the diluting solution and the growth media. It was concluded that the addition of yeast extract and Casitone to the growth media resulted in a partial recovery and protection of the cells from damage occurring during the initial dilution and plating procedure.

scholarly journals Effects of different biomass materials as a salt-isolation layer on water and salt migration in coastal saline soil

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11766
Author(s):  
Mao Yang ◽  
Runya Yang ◽  
Yanni Li ◽  
Yinghua Pan ◽  
Junna Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Peat Layer ◽  
Salt Accumulation

The aim of this study was to find a material suited for the prevention of evaporative water loss and salt accumulation in coastal saline soils. One-dimensional vertical water infiltration and phreatic evaporation experiments were conducted using a silty loam saline soil. A 3-cm-thick layer of corn straw, biochar, and peat was buried at the soil depth of 20 cm, and a 6-cm-thick layer of peat was also buried at the same soil depth for comparison. The presence of the biochar layer increased the upper soil water content, but its ability to inhibit salt accumulation was poor, leading to a high salt concentration in the surface soil. The 3-cm-thick straw and 6-cm-thick peat layers were most effective to inhibit salt accumulation, which reduced the upper soil salt concentration by 96% and 93%, respectively. However, the straw layer strongly inhibited phreatic evaporation and resulted in low water content in the upper soil layer. Compared with the straw layer, the peat layer increased the upper soil water content. Thus, burying a 6-cm-thick peat layer in the coastal saline soil is the optimal strategy to retain water in the upper soil layer and intercept salt in the deeper soil layer.

scholarly journals Influence of Phosphorus Fertilizer Rates on Yield and Yield Components of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Varieties in Lemu Bilbilo District of Arsi Zone, Southeastern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Gobena Negasa ◽  
Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Tolera Abera
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Arsi Zone

Faba bean production is a common practice in Lemu Bilbilo areas. However, faba bean productivity is affected and limited by poor soil fertility and lack of alternative technologies such as application of optimum phosphorus fertilizer for different faba bean varieties. In view of this, a field experiment was conducted on farmer’s field during the 2017 main cropping season at Lemu Bilbilo with the objectives to determine the response of faba bean varieties to different rates of P fertilizer and its influence on yield and yield components of faba bean varieties.  The treatments include three faba bean varieties (Tumsa, Gebelcho and Dosha) and five phosphorus levels (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg P ha-1) from Triple Super Phosphate. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete blocked design with 3 x 5 factorial arrangements with three replications. Significantly (P<0 .05) higher plant height was recorded from Tumsa variety. Total productive tillers per plant, thousand seed weights, and harvest index and biomass yield of faba bean were significantly affected by main effect of varieties. Higher total productive tillers per plant (1.53) were obtained from application of 30 kg P ha-1. Higher plant height (153 cm), biomass yield (14158 kg ha-1) and grain yield (6323 kg ha-1) were obtained from application of 40 kg P ha-1. Application of 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha-1 gave marginal rate of return of 1404694 and 502% for faba bean production, which are well above the minimum acceptable rate of return. Therefore, application of 20 kg ha-1 of P with Tumsa, Gebelcho and Dosha faba bean varieties were proved to be productive and superior both in seed yield as well as economic advantage and recommended for faba bean production in Lemu Bilbilo area. Further study should be conducted in the future both over locations and years in order to give full recommendation for practical application.

Correlation of soil phosphorus tests with the response of irrigated perennial pasture to phosphorus fertilizer

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (91) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Montgomery ◽  
G Rubenis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
P Values ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Pasture Yield

The level of soil phosphorus and the response of irrigated perennial pasture to phosphorus fertilizer were measured on 33 sites in the Goulburn Valley of northern Victoria. Eleven of the 33 sites were found to have Olsen P values above 10 p.p.m. and Colwell P values above 30 p.p.m. Of these 11, 9 did not give a pasture response to superphosphate and 2 gave a relatively small response. Functions of the form Y = a - be-CX (where Y = total pasture yield over 12 months (t ha-1), X = rate of superphosphate application (t ha-1), and a, b and c are constants respectively denoting maximum yield, maximum response, and the rate at which maximum yield is approached) were fitted to the yield data from those sites at which a response did occur. b was found to be correlated with a number of soil tests, the highest correlation coefficient being -0.74 for Colwell P. a was significantly correlated with some tests (P < 0.01) but was generally less predictable, and c gave very low correlation coefficients with all soil tests.

scholarly journals Effect of Cow Dung, Biogas Slurry and Vermicompost on Phosphorus Adsorption Behavior of Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Seafatullah ◽  
M. A Hoque ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
M. M. Islam ◽  
M. N. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphate Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Adsorption Behavior ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Phosphorus Adsorption

One of the approaches for phosphorus fertilizer management is controlling the soil phosphorus adsorption behavior. To examine the effect on phosphorus adsorption behavior, three amended soil samples were prepared by mixing 10% (w/w in dry basis) cow dung, biogas slurry and vermicompost with soil. Phosphorus adsorption behavior was examined by using Langmuir, and Temkin adsorption isotherms. Initially, biogas slurry and vermicompost increased the maximum phosphorus adsorption capacity (MPAC) of soil from 461 µg g-1 (control) to 558.0357 and 586.17 µg g-1 respectively, and then decreased steadily and reached 429.92 and 398.41 µg g-1 respectively in five weeks.  Whereas in case of cow dung, MPAC was initially decreased, then reached maximum in 17 days and ultimately decreased. Thus application of cow dung along with phosphate fertilizer seems to increase the loss of the fertilizer through runoff and leaching. Conversely, biogas slurry and vermicompost prevent phosphorus loss by regulating phosphorus release through initial enhancement followed by gradual decrease in phosphorus adsorption capacity of soil. Both biogas slurry and vermicompost can be considered as good soil amendments as they have the ability to control the release of phosphorus fertilizer as per the need of the plants.

Response by sugar beet to superphosphate, particularly in relation to soils containing little available phosphorus

1976 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Draycott ◽  
M. J. Durrant
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Triple Superphosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Soil P ◽  
The Cost

SUMMARYTwenty experiments between 1970 and 1974 tested the effect of five amounts of triple superphosphate (0–110 kg P/ha) on sugar-beet yield in fields where soil contained little sodium bicarbonate-soluble phosphorus. The average yield without phosphorus fertilizer was 6·69 t/ha sugar and the increase from the optimum dressing 0·46 t/ha; the average soil concentration was 12 mg P/l. The fertilizer increased yield by 0·77 t/ha sugar on fields with 0–9 mg/l soil phosphorus, by 0·31 t/ha when soil phosphorus was 10–15 mg/l and had little effect on soils containing larger amounts.The concentration of phosphorus in plants harvested in mid-summer contained on average 0·29% P in dried tops and 0·13% in roots when given no phosphorus fertilizer, representing a total of 19·3 kg/ha P uptake. Giving superphosphate increased the phosphorus in both dried tops and roots by up to 0·03% and there was 3·7 and 1·7 kg/ha more phosphorus in tops and roots respectively. On the most responsive fields (0–9 mg/l soil P), the fertilizer increased the phosphorus in tops and roots by 0·05% and total uptake by 7 kg P/ha. The increase in uptake (or recovery) of fertilizer varied from 15% when 14 kg P/ha was given to less than 5% when 110 kg P/ha was used.A dressing of 27 kg P/ha was adequate for maximum yield on 19 of the 20 fields. When fields were grouped, 0–9, 10–15, 16–25 and > 26 mg/l NaHCO3-soluble soil phosphorus, and taking into account the value of the increased sugar yield, the cost of the fertilizer and its residual value, 60, 30, 20 and 10 kg P/ha respectively were the most profitable dressings. These experiments provide evidence, however, that the fertilizer would be used more efficiently if fields containing 0–9 mg soil phosphorus were subdivided into those with 0–4·5 and those with 4·6–9·0 mg/l and the groups given 80 and 40 kg P/ha respectively. These recommendations are substantially less than those used at present; they are adequate for sugar beet but other crops in the rotation would need similar close examination to ensure maximum yield and maintain adequate soil reserves of phosphorus.

Soil phosphorus fate and its lability after a long-term phosphorus fertilizer strategy in Brazilian Oxisol

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Marta Jordana Arruda Coelho ◽  
Dorivar Ruiz-Diaz ◽  
Marcos Rodrigues ◽  
Fábio Benedito Ono ◽  
Claudinei Kappes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer

RESPONSES OF SALINE AND NON-SALINE POPULATIONS OF ECLIPTA ALBA TO SOIL SALINITY

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. VARSHNEY ◽  
BINA DEVI SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
Eclipta Alba ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Saturation Extract ◽  
Adaptive Capabilities ◽  
Adaptive Capability

Experimental study on the growth and development of saline and non-saline populations of Eclipta alba Hassk., planted on soils artificially salinized with water-soluble salts of sodium and a saturation extract of saline soil, revealed differences in their salt-adaptive capabilities. The relatively higher salt-adaptive capability of the saline population both at germination and subsequent stages of growth indicated ecophysiological differentiation within species due to salt stress.

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