Effects of winter storage conditions and subsequent agitation on gaseous emissions from liquid dairy manure

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
A C VanderZaag ◽  
R J Gordon ◽  
R C Jamieson ◽  
D L Burton ◽  
G W Stratton
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Flux Measurement ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Dissolved Gas

An understanding of emissions from liquid manure facilities during winter, spring thaw and agitation is needed to improve national emissions inventories in Canada. In this study, liquid dairy manure was stored in six pilot-scale tanks (1.8 m deep × 6.6 m2 surface area) covered by steady-state chambers that enabled greenhouse gas (GHG) and ammonia (NH3) flux measurement. After 158 d of undisturbed storage, three tanks were agitated for 5 d (8 h per day) consecutively. During storage, methane (CH4) flux was correlated with manure temperature at 30 cm depth (P < 0.05). Nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes occurred only during spring thaw - at rates comparable with agricultural soil during spring thaw. On a carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent basis, however, cumulative N2O fluxes were negligible compared with CH4 fluxes. Flux of NH3 was correlated positively with manure temperature near the surface and negatively with the presence of ice or a surface crust (P < 0.01). Agitation did not affect N2O and NH3 fluxes, whereas CO2 and CH4 fluxes increased significantly (P < 0.01) as dissolved gas and bubbles were released. Trapped CH4 released during agitation was estimated to be 6.3 g CH4 m-3 manure, and was depleted in 2 d. Considering the entire storage period, agitated tanks (158 d + 5 d agitation) had 6% higher GHG fluxes due to higher CH4 losses than undisturbed tanks (163 d). This CH4 release is small in context of annual fluxes, but may partially explain discrepancies between predicted and measured winter fluxes.Key words: Manure storage, agitation, greenhouse gas emission, ammonia emission, dissolved gas

Acidification with sulfur of the separated solid fraction of raw and co-digested pig slurry: effect on greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions during storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 343 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gioelli ◽  
E. Dinuccio ◽  
D. Cuk ◽  
L. Rollè ◽  
P. Balsari
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Solid Fraction ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Photoacoustic Detection ◽  
Sulfur Powder

A study was performed to assess: (1) the feasibility to acidify the separated solid fraction of raw and co-digested pig slurry by using a powdery sulfur-based product; and (2) the effect of this acidification method on greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions during manure storage. Samples of raw and co-digested pig slurry were collected at two commercial farms and mechanically separated by a laboratory-scale screw press device. The sulfur powder (80% concentration) was added to the obtained separated solid fractions at three application rates: 0.5%, 1% and 2% (w/w). Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions were afterwards measured during storage of the acidified samples and compared with those measured from untreated samples (Control). Gaseous emissions were determined with dynamic chamber method by Infrared Photoacoustic Detection. Gaseous losses were monitored along 30 and 60 days of storage time for raw solid fraction and digested solid fraction, respectively. The addition of the tested sulfur powder to solid fractions showed to be a reliable and effective method to acidify raw and co-digested solid fractions. Results showed a significant reduction of both greenhouse gases and ammonia emission regardless of the separated solid fraction type. The highest sulfur application rate (2% w/w) led to a reduction of up to 78% of greenhouse gas emission and 65% of ammonia losses from raw separated solid fraction when compared with the Control. Similar results were achieved from the co-digested solid fraction, with emission reduction of up to 67% for ammonia and 61% for greenhouse gas.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Maturity and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Co-Composting of Chicken Manure with Tobacco Powder and Vinasse/Mushroom Bran

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2105
Author(s):  
Bangxi Zhang ◽  
Rongxiu Yin ◽  
Yi Tan ◽  
Beibei Fan ◽  
Hangyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bulking Agents ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Harmless Disposal

This study investigated the effects of different proportions (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) of bulking agent (vinasse, mushroom bran, and tobacco powder) on maturity and gaseous emissions in chicken manure composting. The results showed that all of the treatments reached the standard of harmless disposal. With the exception of the control treatment, the CH4, N2O, and NH3 emissions in the treatments that had been prepared using the addition of mixed bulking agents were effectively reduced by 2.9–30.6%, 8.30–80.9%, and 37.3–26.6%; their compost maturity also met the Chinese national standard. Specifically, 10% mushroom bran combined with 5% tobacco powder was the optimal combination for simultaneously improving the maturity and reducing greenhouse gas emission in chicken manure composting.

scholarly journals Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Ammonia Emissions from Livestock Farming in the Red River Delta, Vietnam: An Inventory and Projection for 2000-2030

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Ha Truong ◽  
Minh Thuy Kim ◽  
Thi Thu Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Tung Nguyen ◽  
Quang Trung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Red River ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Red River Delta ◽  
Livestock Sector

Livestock farming is a major source of greenhouse gas and ammonia emissions. In this study, we estimate methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emission from livestock sector in the Red River Delta region from 2000 to 2015 and projection to 2030 using IPCC 2006 methodologies with the integration of local emission factors and provincial statistic livestock database. Methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions in 2030 are estimated at 132&nbsp;kt, 8.3&nbsp;kt and 34.2&nbsp;kt, respectively. Total global warming potential is 9.7&nbsp;MtCO2eq in 2030, accounts for 33% greenhouse gas emissions from livestock in Vietnam. Pig farming is responsible for half of both greenhouse gases and ammonia emissions in the studied region. Other major livestock for greenhouse gas emission is cattle and for ammonia emission is poultry. Hanoi contributes for the largest emissions in the region in 2015 but will be caught up and surpassed by other provinces in 2030.

scholarly journals Emissions from Swine Manure Treated with Current Products for Mitigation of Odors and Reduction of NH3, H2S, VOC, and GHG Emissions

Data ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baitong Chen ◽  
Jacek A. Koziel ◽  
Chumki Banik ◽  
Hantian Ma ◽  
Myeongseong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swine Manure ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ch4 And N2o

Odor and gaseous emissions from the swine industry are of concern for the wellbeing of humans and livestock. Additives applied to the swine manure surface are popular, marketed products to solve this problem and relatively inexpensive and easy for farmers to use. There is no scientific data evaluating the effectiveness of many of these products. We evaluated 12 manure additive products that are currently being marketed on their effectiveness in mitigating odor and gaseous emissions from swine manure. We used a pilot-scale system simulating the storage of swine manure with a controlled ventilation of headspace and periodic addition of manure. This dataset contains measured concentrations and estimated emissions of target gases in manure headspace above treated and untreated swine manure. These include ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, and N2O), volatile organic compounds (VOC), and odor. The experiment to test each manure additive product lasted for two months; the measurements of NH3 and H2S were completed twice a week; others were conducted weekly. The manure for each test was collected from three different farms in central Iowa to provide the necessary variety in stored swine manure properties. This dataset is useful for further analyses of gaseous emissions from swine manure under simulated storage conditions and for performance comparison of marketed products for the mitigation of gaseous emissions. Ultimately, swine farmers, the regulatory community, and the public need to have scientific data informing decisions about the usefulness of manure additives.

Minimization of greenhouse gas emission by application of anaerobic digestion process with biogas utilization

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 545-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yasui ◽  
K. Komatsu ◽  
R. Goel ◽  
R. Matsuhashi ◽  
A. Ohashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
The Impact

To assess the impact on greenhouse gas emission, different process schemes for municipal sludge treatment were evaluated based on the data from pilot-scale experiments and review of annual operation reports. A modified anaerobic digestion process with partial ozonation of digested sludge to improve biological degradability and the conventional anaerobic digestion process were compared with respect to the energy demand in each process schemes. Options for beneficial use of biogas included (1) application of biogas for power production and (2) recovery as an alternative to natural gas utilization. The analysis indicated that the partial ozonation process with power production led to minimal greenhouse gas emission because the extra energy production from this scheme was expected to cover all of the energy demand for the plant operation. Moreover, the final amount of dewatered sludge cake was only 40% of that expected from the conventional process, this significantly minimizes the potential for greenhouse gas emission in the subsequent sludge incineration processes.

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