Oslo and Biggar spring wheats respond differently to controlled temperature and moisture stress

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Plant Available Water ◽  
Grain Filling Period ◽  
Key Words Temperature

In studying the inconsistent field performance of Oslo spring wheat, Oslo and Biggar were exposed to controlled levels of temperature and moisture stress in growth chamber experiments. Plants were started under low stress with day/night temperatures of 18/10 °C and watering to 90% of plant-available water. From 30 d after planting to maturity, temperature and/or moisture stress were applied to one-half of the material by raising day/night temperatures to 30/18 °C and watering to approximately 30% of plant available water every 3–4 d. Biggar produced greater root dry matter than Oslo under low temperatures but less under high temperature stress. Moisture stress caused a relatively greater decrease in kernel production in Biggar than in Oslo Although temperature stress reduced seed set relatively more in Oslo than in Biggar, Oslo was better able to compensate through the grain-filling period. The change in rank of grain yield per plant with increasing levels of stress indicates that Oslo was more tolerant to stress than Biggar. Key words: Temperature stress, moisture stress, spring wheat, Triticum aestivum.

Identification of the chromosomal region responsible for high-temperature stress tolerance during the grain-filling period in rice

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenta Shirasawa ◽  
Takuma Sekii ◽  
Yoshinori Ogihara ◽  
Teppei Yamada ◽  
Sachiko Shirasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Chromosomal Region ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Grain Filling Period

scholarly journals Mapping wheat QTLS for grain yield related traits under high temperature stress

Genetika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 1107-1125
Author(s):  
Mohamed Barakat ◽  
Abdullah Al-Doss ◽  
Khaled Moustafa ◽  
Mohamed Motawei ◽  
Ibrahim Al-Ashkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Heat Susceptibility Index ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Stress induced by high temperature represents a major constraint over wheat production in many production areas. Here, the comprehensive coverage of the wheat genome achievable using single nucleotide polymorphism markers was exploited to carry out a genetic analysis targeting yield components in plants exposed to high temperature stress. The mapping population was a set of doubled haploid lines derived from a cross between the cultivars Yecora Rojo and Ksu106. Both of the parental cultivars and their derived population were tested in the field in two locations over two consecutive seasons; at each site, two sowing dates were included, with the later sowing intended to ensure that the plants were exposed to high temperature stress during the grain filling period. Composite interval mapping detected 93 quantitative trait loci influencing grain yield and some related traits, along with 20 loci associated with a ?heat susceptibility index? (HSI). The loci were distributed over all 21 of the wheat chromosomes. Some of these loci were of large enough effect to be considered as candidates for the marker-assisted breeding of high temperature tolerance in wheat.

scholarly journals Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) TaHMW1D Transcript Variants Are Highly Expressed in Response to Heat Stress and in Grains Located in Distal Part of the Spike

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 687
Author(s):  
Chan Seop Ko ◽  
Jin-Baek Kim ◽  
Min Jeong Hong ◽  
Yong Weon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Storage Proteins ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Two Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Transcript Variants

High-temperature stress during the grain filling stage has a deleterious effect on grain yield and end-use quality. Plants undergo various transcriptional events of protein complexity as defensive responses to various stressors. The “Keumgang” wheat cultivar was subjected to high-temperature stress for 6 and 10 days beginning 9 days after anthesis, then two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and peptide analyses were performed. Spots showing decreased contents in stressed plants were shown to have strong similarities with a high-molecular glutenin gene, TraesCS1D02G317301 (TaHMW1D). QRT-PCR results confirmed that TaHMW1D was expressed in its full form and in the form of four different transcript variants. These events always occurred between repetitive regions at specific deletion sites (5′-CAA (Glutamine) GG/TG (Glycine) or (Valine)-3′, 5′-GGG (Glycine) CAA (Glutamine) -3′) in an exonic region. Heat stress led to a significant increase in the expression of the transcript variants. This was most evident in the distal parts of the spike. Considering the importance of high-molecular weight glutenin subunits of seed storage proteins, stressed plants might choose shorter polypeptides while retaining glutenin function, thus maintaining the expression of glutenin motifs and conserved sites.

scholarly journals Untangling irrigation effects on maize water and heat stress alleviation using satellite data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhu ◽  
Jennifer Burney
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Stresses ◽  
Stress Alleviation ◽  
Irrigation Effects

Abstract. Irrigation has important implications for sustaining global food production, enabling crop water demand to be met even under dry conditions. Added water also cools crop plants through transpiration; irrigation might thus play an important role in a warmer climate by simultaneously moderating water and high temperature stresses. Here we use satellite-derived evapotranspiration estimates, land surface temperature (LST) measurements, and crop phenological stage information from Nebraska maize to quantify how irrigation relieves both water and temperature stresses. Our study shows that, unlike air temperature metrics, satellite-derived LST detects significant irrigation-induced cooling effect, especially during the grain filling period (GFP) of crop growth. This cooling is likely to extend the maize growing season, especially for GFP, likely due to the stronger temperature sensitivity of phenological development during this stage. The analysis also suggests that irrigation not only reduces water and temperature stress but also weakens the response of yield to these stresses. Specifically, temperature stress is significantly weakened for reproductive processes in irrigated crops. The attribution analysis further suggests that water and high temperature stress alleviation contributes to 65 % and 35 % of yield benefit, respectively. Our study underlines the relative importance of high temperature stress alleviation in yield improvement and the necessity of simulating crop surface temperature to better quantify heat stress effects in crop yield models. Finally, untangling irrigation effects on both heat and water stress mitigation has important implications for designing agricultural adaptation strategies under climate change.

scholarly journals Dampak Suhu Tinggi terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Padi

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
Usamah Jaisyurahman ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Trikoesoemaningtyas ◽  
Dan Heni Purnamawati
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
High Temperature Treatment ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Grain Number Per Panicle

Global warming becomes a pressure in food production sustainability because it affected crop growth and development. The purpose of this study was to obtain information on the effect of high-temperature stress on the growth and development phase of rice and to evaluate the genotype for tolerance to high-temperature stress. Two environment conditions were used in the field and greenhouse of IPB Cikabayan experimental field, IPB University from August 2016 until February 2017. The study used varieties of IPB 4S, IPB 6R, Mekongga, and Situ Patenggang. High-temperature treatment was done by transferring the rice plants to the greenhouse at 50 days after transplanting. Observations were made on the generative phase in two different environmental conditions. The results showed that the total tillers number, filled grain number per panicle, unfilled grain number per panicle, total grain number per panicle, grain filling rate, percentage of filled grain and filled grain weight per plant had different responses among rice genotypes due to high-temperature stress. High-temperature decreased pollen fertility in all genotypes, which classified IPB 4S as a sensitive genotype and Mekongga as a tolerant genotype. This information could be useful for development and improving rice variety to anticipate high-temperature stress. Keywords: Climate change, fertility, pollen, stress tolerance index

scholarly journals Using Satellite Data to Optimize Wheat Yield and Quality under Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2049
Author(s):  
Shilo Shiff ◽  
Itamar M. Lensky ◽  
David J. Bonfil
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Field ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Climatic conditions during the grain-filling period are a major factor affecting wheat grain yield and quality. Wheat in many semi-arid and arid areas faces high-temperature stress during this period. Remote sensing can be used to monitor both crops and environmental temperature. The objective of this study was to develop a tool to optimize field management (cultivar and sowing time). Analysis of 155 cultivar experiments (from 10 growth seasons) representing different environmental conditions revealed the required degree-days for each Israeli spring wheat cultivar to reach heading (from emergence). We developed a Google Earth Engine (GEE) app to analyze time series of gap-filled 1 km MODIS land surface temperature (LSTcont). By changing the cultivar and/or emergence date in the GEE app, the farmer can “expose” each wheat field to different climatic conditions during the grain-filling period, thereafter enabling him to choose the best cultivar to be sown in the field with the right timing. This approach is expected to reduce the number of fields that suffer from heat stress during the grain-filling period. The app can be also used to assess the effects of different global warming scenarios and to plan adaptation strategies in other regions too.

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