Effects of an insect vacuum device on strawberry pollination

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 917-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Chiasson ◽  
D. de Oliveira ◽  
C. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Dispersal Pattern ◽  
Vacuum Device

The Biovac®, a tractor-propelled insect vacuum device, was evaluated for its effect on strawberry pollination. The device had little effect on the dispersal pattern of pollen ejected by its exhaust pipe. However, viability of ejected pollen was half that of pollen collected directly from flowers. Fruit weight and degree of pollination of fruit from flowers pollinated only by pollen dispersed by the Biovac were inferior (significantly 12 times out of 16) to those of flowers exposed to all pollinating agents. Key words: Biovac®, insect vacuum device, strawberry, pollination, Fragaria × ananassa

scholarly journals Relative Performance of Strawberry Genotypes on Fumigated and Nonfumigated Soils

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Larson ◽  
Douglas V. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
History Of ◽  
Replant Problem ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Early Phases

Performance characteristics for 12 strawberry genotypes (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) from the Univ. of California, Davis, strawberry improvement program were evaluated in annual hill culture, with and without preplant soil fumigation using a mixture of 67 methyl bromide:33 chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane) (wt/wt, 392 kg·ha-1). Plants were established at two locations; one trial followed several cycles of strawberry plantation, whereas the other had not been cropped with strawberries for 20 years. Plant mortality was <3% and did not differ between soil treatments; thus, the main effects of fumigation treatment in these experiments were due to sublethal effects of soil organisms. Plants grown in nonfumigated soil produced 51% and 57% of the fruit yield of plants grown in fumigated soil for soils with and without a recent history of strawberry cultivation, respectively. Nonfumigated treatments also had reduced fruit weight and uniformly lower vegetative vigor during the early phases of plantation establishment. Significant genotype x fumigation interactions were not detected for any of the growth or performance traits at either location. Further, the proportion of variance attributable to interactions was at most 25% of that due to variation among genotypes, even for this highly selected population. Genotypic correlations for traits evaluated in different fumigation treatments ranged from 0.80 to 1.00; thus, selection in either soil environment is expected to affect largely the same sets of genes. These results demonstrate that strawberry productivity is substantially increased by fumigation, even in the absence of lethal pathogens or a discernible replant problem. More importantly, there appears to be little opportunity for developing cultivars specifically adapted to sublethal effects of nonfumigated soils.

scholarly journals Temperature Has a Greater Effect on Fruit Growth than Defoliation or Fruit Thinning in Strawberries in the Subtropics

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Menzel
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Fruit size declines in strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) as the season progresses in many subtropical areas, possibly due to inadequate leaf area, over-cropping, or high temperatures. An experiment was conducted to investigate the importance of these factors on fruit growth in ‘Festival’ in Queensland, Australia. Groups of plants were defoliated to remove half of the mature leaves on each plant, thinned to remove all the inflorescences on each plant, or defoliated and thinned. Control plants were left intact. Defoliation, thinning, or defoliation + thinning decreased yield (total and/or marketable) by 15% to 24% compared with the control. Defoliation, or defoliation + thinning decreased average fruit weight (total and/or marketable fruit) by 1 to 2 g compared with the control, whereas thinning had the opposite effect. The incidence of small fruit increased towards the end of the season. There were strong relationships between fruit weight and average daily mean temperature in the seven weeks before harvest (R2s greater than 0.80). Fruit weight decreased from 24 g to 8 g as the temperature increased from 16 °C to 20 °C. This response was not affected by defoliation or thinning. The strong effect of temperature on fruit size indicates a problem for production in the future in the absence of heat-tolerant cultivars.

Glooscap and Blomidon strawberries

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-941
Author(s):  
D. L. Craig ◽  
A. R. Jamieson ◽  
K. A. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Fruit Breeding ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Short Day

Glooscap and Blomidon are short-day strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cultivars which produce large fruit suited to the fresh market. Glooscap, which is particularly high yielding and winter hardy, ripens in midseason whereas Blomidon, which is particularly glossy and attractive, ripens mid- to late season. Key words: Fragaria × ananassa, fruit breeding, strawberry

Evaluation of low temperature hardiness of strawberry plants under field and controlled conditions

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1123-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Turner ◽  
K. K. Tanino ◽  
C. Stushnoff
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Field Growth ◽  
Mother Plants

When acclimated strawberry plants (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. ’Redcoat’) from the field were placed in a programmable freezer, mother strawberry crowns were as hardy or hardier than daughter crowns when frozen to −11 °C. However, under field conditions, daughter plants expressed consistently greater hardiness than mother plants. Mulching had no effect on daughter plant survival, whereas enhanced mother plant survival was observed. Field-growth habit of mother crowns may be the important factor for consistent winter survival under prairie conditions. A simple scoring system was developed to predict survival of strawberry plants. Key words. Fragaria × ananassa Duch., strawberry, crowns, low temperature hardiness

scholarly journals 015 PERFORMANCE OF TWELVE STRAWBERRY GENOTYPES IN FUMIGATED AND NONFUMIGATED SOIL

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 429f-429
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Larson ◽  
Douglas V. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plantation Establishment ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Main Effects

Performance traits for twelve strawberry genotypes (Fragaria × ananassa) were evaluated in annual hill culture, with and without preplant soil fumigation (methyl bromide/ Chloropicrin 67:33, 350#/A) at two location. One trial followed several cycles of strawberry plantation whereas the other had not been planted to strawberries for over 20 years. Plant mortality was less than 3%. thus the main effects of fumigation treatment in these experiments must be due to sublethal effects of soil organisms. Plants grown in nonfumigated soil yielded 57% and 51% of the fruit produced by plants on adjacent fumigated soil, for “new” and “old” strawberry ground respectively. Highly significant (P<0.01) differences were also detected for fruit weight (88% and 93%) and leaf number after plantation establishment (73% and 80%). Significant genotype × fumigation interaction was not detected for any of the Performance traits. These results demonstrate that strawberry productivity is substantially increased by fumigation, even in the absence of lethal pathogens. More importantly, little opportunity exists for developing cultivars specifically adapted to nonfumigated soils.

scholarly journals The effects of treating the seedlings of a Strawberry (L. Fragaria Ananassa) plant with a Colchicine on the Characteristics of its productivity: تأثير معاملة شتلات الشليك L. Fragaria Ananassa بمادة الكولشسين على التباين في صفات الحاصل للنبات

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Abdel Rahman Mahmoud - Iyad Assi Obeid - Nizar Aslem
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Significant Difference

An experiment was conducted in the research station Horticulture and landscape gardening Dept./college of Agriculture university of Diyala for the period from 2016/12/15 up to 2017/7/1. to study the effect of colchicine and its effect on the properties of the chemical properties of the fruit of the plant, because most of the species in the country with low productivity, of the Strawberry plant when treating its apical part by the Colchicine with concentrations of zero, 0.05, and 0.1%. The number of treatment times was (one treatment and two treatments). The results of the showed that the plants that treated with 0.1% Colchicine were Increased the number of fruits (11.650 fruit/plant), the size of fruit (3.033 cm3), the weight of a single fruit (9.683 mg), the amount of productivity in the plant (108.233 g/plant), the percentage of acidity (0.707%), the amount of vitamin C (46.969 mg/100g),. when Compared with the control value of treatment, it found that the control value of treatment has more number of stomata with average (26 stomata.mm2). while with the treatment of 0.05% concentration, the percentage of the sugars was the highest around (16.488%). The treatment of the top of the plant did not affect the number of fruits per plant, while the size of the fruit affected the date of treatment exceeded the plants treated twice the plants on the treatment of one time at a rate of 8.388 cm 3. As for the fruit weight and the quantity of plant yield, there was no significant difference between the date of treatment of the plant. Also, there was no effect of the date of treatment in the percentage of total acidity of the fruit. The effect of the double interaction between both the concentration and the treatment date. The results indicate that the highest number of fruits per plant, the quantity of fruit per plant and the quantity of vitamin C in fruit is achieved when treated with 0.1% The fruit weight and the total percentage of total sugars eliminated all the interference coefficients on the comparison treatment. The results also indicate that the highest rate of fruit size and the percentage of total acidity was in the treatment 0.1% and two treatment (9.910 cm 3) and (0.755%) respectively.

scholarly journals Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Seed Dispersal in Corn Crops under Mediterranean Conditions

Weed Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judit Barroso ◽  
Dionisio Andújar ◽  
Carolina San Martín ◽  
César Fernández-Quintanilla ◽  
José Dorado
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dispersal Pattern ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Vacuum Device ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dispersal Distances ◽  
Natural Dispersal

Natural dissemination of johnsongrass seeds as well as the effect of combine harvesting on this process were studied in corn fields. The estimation of natural dispersal was carried out by two different methods, collecting seeds throughout the season using seed traps and sampling soil–surface seed abundance before harvest using a vacuum device. Both methods showed the same dispersal pattern. A minimum of 84.6% was dispersed in the first 2 m from the focus and a maximum of 1.6% was dispersed beyond the first 5 m. An average of 76.3% of these dispersed seeds were lost or buried after shedding but before harvest. Seed dispersal by the combine harvester was estimated from the difference between soil–surface seed abundance in the same sites pre and postharvest. Although the quantity of seeds dispersed by the combine was similar to those dispersed by natural factors, dispersal distances were significantly higher. Around 90% of the dispersed seeds were found in the first 5 m forward and backward of the combine direction from the infestation source, and 1.6% of the seeds were found beyond 22 m forward and 10 m backward of the combine direction from the infestation source. A large proportion of the seeds dispersed were dormant or not viable. It is concluded that the major role of sexual reproduction in johnsongrass population dynamics may be to spread the risks, promoting dispersal in time and space.

Determination of the growth potential of strawberry plants (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) by morphological and nucleotide measurements in relation to chilling

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabien Robert ◽  
Gilles Pétel ◽  
Georgette Risser ◽  
Michel Gendraud
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Strawberry Fruit ◽  
Strawberry Plant ◽  
Before And After

Early strawberry fruit production requires that non-dormant strawberry plants be covered during winter. Two methods were used to study the breaking of dormancy of Elsanta strawberry plants following chilling at temperatures below 8 °C. First, a morphological test using the petiole lengths of plants transferred from a nursery to a growth chamber was used. Second, the nucleotide contents before and after incubation of samples in an adenosine solution were measured by bioluminescence. The results show that these two methods can reveal changes in the growth potential of strawberry plants, and, therefore, the release from dormancy. Key words: Dormancy, strawberry plant, nucleotide, growth potential, Fragaria

INFLUENCE OF DIGGING DATE, CHILLING, CULTIVARS AND CULTURE ON GLASSHOUSE STRAWBERRY PRODUCTON IN NOVA SCOTIA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. CRAIG ◽  
G. L. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

A glasshouse experiment conducted from Oct. 1974 to June 1975 showed that strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cvs. Tioga and Sequoia from California yield well under glasshouse conditions in Nova Scotia. The date of digging plants in the fall and the number of days the plants were chilled at 0 C had a significant effect on yield. The optimal period of chilling for Sequoia was longer than that for Tioga. Plants grown in plots mulched with clear polyethylene outyielded plants grown in plots with heating cables or grown in control plots. The highest yield (619 g) per plant was from Tioga dug on 30 Oct, chilled 15 days and grown with clear polyethylene mulch. Sequoia’s average fruit weight (12.3 g) was significantly larger than Tioga’s (10.6 g). Chilling increased average fruit weight significantly.

Prevention of shoot vitrification of strawberry micropropagated shoots proliferated on liquid media by new antivitrifying agents

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chafik Hdider ◽  
Yves Desjardins
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Cellulose Plugs

Micropropagated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch. ’Kent.’) cultured for 4 wk in liquid proliferation media supported on cellulose plugs (sorbarods) developed a high rate of vitrification. This high percentage of abnormal plantlets was significantly reduced by the inclusion of two antivitrifying agents, EM1 and EM2, to the liquid medium. Virtually no vitrification occurred at 5 g L−1of EM1 or EM2. Shoots multiplied on liquid medium supplemented with 5 g L−1 of either EM1 or EM2 had significantly lower fresh weights and lower multiplication rates than on solidified agar medium (0.7%). EM2 produced better growth and proliferation than EM1 or liquid medium alone and was easier to use than EM1. Key words: Vitrification, antivitrifying agent, liquid medium

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