INFLUENCE OF DIGGING DATE, CHILLING, CULTIVARS AND CULTURE ON GLASSHOUSE STRAWBERRY PRODUCTON IN NOVA SCOTIA

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. CRAIG ◽  
G. L. BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Optimal Period ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

A glasshouse experiment conducted from Oct. 1974 to June 1975 showed that strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cvs. Tioga and Sequoia from California yield well under glasshouse conditions in Nova Scotia. The date of digging plants in the fall and the number of days the plants were chilled at 0 C had a significant effect on yield. The optimal period of chilling for Sequoia was longer than that for Tioga. Plants grown in plots mulched with clear polyethylene outyielded plants grown in plots with heating cables or grown in control plots. The highest yield (619 g) per plant was from Tioga dug on 30 Oct, chilled 15 days and grown with clear polyethylene mulch. Sequoia’s average fruit weight (12.3 g) was significantly larger than Tioga’s (10.6 g). Chilling increased average fruit weight significantly.

scholarly journals 175 Synthetic Mulches Increase Strawberry Yields Compared with Organic Mulches

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 472C-472
Author(s):  
Nancy Roe ◽  
Toby Fojtik ◽  
Johnnie R. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation System ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Recycled Paper ◽  
Manure Compost ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

Affluent “peri-urban” populations in some areas have created new markets for small specialized growers. Although intensive growing systems using drip irrigation and fertigation with new varieties can increase yields, there is also a desire to use systems that are viewed as more sustainable. One way to reduce the environmental impact of intensive systems is to use organic mulches that do not require disposal and can improve soil conditions. `Chandler' strawberry (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) transplants were set in raised beds on 28 Oct. 1997. All plots received pre-plant P at 73 kg/ha. Treatments were: hay mulch (HY); a commercial, pelleted, recycled paper mulch (PA); polyethylene mulch (PL); or a woven weed-blocking (WB) fabric, with or without dairy manure compost (22% moisture) at 22 t/ha tilled in before bedding. A total of 184 kg/ha N was applied through the irrigation system in weekly applications during the growing season. The first bloom set was killed by cold on 9 Mar. 1998. Yields from the two synthetic mulch systems (PL = 5502 and WB = 4996 kg/ha) were significantly higher than those from the organic mulches (HY = 2824 and PA = 1735 kg/ha). Mean fruit weight was also higher with synthetic (PL = 10.6 and WB = 10.4g) than organic (HY = 9.5 and PA = 9.0 g) mulches. Factors such as increased weed growth in organic mulches and warmer temperatures in synthetic mulches contributed to increased yields from synthetically mulched plots.

scholarly journals Relative Performance of Strawberry Genotypes on Fumigated and Nonfumigated Soils

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Larson ◽  
Douglas V. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
History Of ◽  
Replant Problem ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Early Phases

Performance characteristics for 12 strawberry genotypes (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch.) from the Univ. of California, Davis, strawberry improvement program were evaluated in annual hill culture, with and without preplant soil fumigation using a mixture of 67 methyl bromide:33 chloropicrin (trichloronitromethane) (wt/wt, 392 kg·ha-1). Plants were established at two locations; one trial followed several cycles of strawberry plantation, whereas the other had not been cropped with strawberries for 20 years. Plant mortality was <3% and did not differ between soil treatments; thus, the main effects of fumigation treatment in these experiments were due to sublethal effects of soil organisms. Plants grown in nonfumigated soil produced 51% and 57% of the fruit yield of plants grown in fumigated soil for soils with and without a recent history of strawberry cultivation, respectively. Nonfumigated treatments also had reduced fruit weight and uniformly lower vegetative vigor during the early phases of plantation establishment. Significant genotype x fumigation interactions were not detected for any of the growth or performance traits at either location. Further, the proportion of variance attributable to interactions was at most 25% of that due to variation among genotypes, even for this highly selected population. Genotypic correlations for traits evaluated in different fumigation treatments ranged from 0.80 to 1.00; thus, selection in either soil environment is expected to affect largely the same sets of genes. These results demonstrate that strawberry productivity is substantially increased by fumigation, even in the absence of lethal pathogens or a discernible replant problem. More importantly, there appears to be little opportunity for developing cultivars specifically adapted to sublethal effects of nonfumigated soils.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ORGANIC EXTRACT AND HAMIC ACID APPLICATION ON STRAWBERY PRODACTION

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
AL- Karawi & Al-Rawi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Spraying Plants

This study was carried out in greenhouse Date to palm Research units, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad ( Abu Ghraib ) , seasons 2013 and 2014 to investigate the effect of foliar application organic matter extract and humic acid and their interactions on yield of strawberry plants . The study include 12 treatments , to spray strawberry's plant with four levels of organic matter spray included distilled water only (T0) , (1) volume of organic matter extract to volume of distilled water ( 1:1)  (T1) , (2) volume of organic matter extract to volume of distilled water (2:1 ) (T2 ) and (3) volume of organic matter extract volume of distilled water (3:1) (T3), the second factor was three concentrations of humifert-ultra , 0( H0 ) , 2.5 ml.L-1 ( H2.5) and 5 ml.L-1  ( H5 ) to the soil . Factorial Experiment carried out according to RCBD with  three replications , averages compared by LSD test at the level of 5% probability. Results that have been obtained is that spraying plants extract organic matter led to a significant increase in the number of flowers and the percentage of the contract and the number of fruits and had no significant effect on yield of plant. addition of humic acid led to a significant increase in the number of flowers and the percentage of fruit set and the number of fruits and fruit weight and yield of plant .

scholarly journals Temperature Has a Greater Effect on Fruit Growth than Defoliation or Fruit Thinning in Strawberries in the Subtropics

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Menzel
Keyword(s):  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Growth ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Fruit size declines in strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) as the season progresses in many subtropical areas, possibly due to inadequate leaf area, over-cropping, or high temperatures. An experiment was conducted to investigate the importance of these factors on fruit growth in ‘Festival’ in Queensland, Australia. Groups of plants were defoliated to remove half of the mature leaves on each plant, thinned to remove all the inflorescences on each plant, or defoliated and thinned. Control plants were left intact. Defoliation, thinning, or defoliation + thinning decreased yield (total and/or marketable) by 15% to 24% compared with the control. Defoliation, or defoliation + thinning decreased average fruit weight (total and/or marketable fruit) by 1 to 2 g compared with the control, whereas thinning had the opposite effect. The incidence of small fruit increased towards the end of the season. There were strong relationships between fruit weight and average daily mean temperature in the seven weeks before harvest (R2s greater than 0.80). Fruit weight decreased from 24 g to 8 g as the temperature increased from 16 °C to 20 °C. This response was not affected by defoliation or thinning. The strong effect of temperature on fruit size indicates a problem for production in the future in the absence of heat-tolerant cultivars.

scholarly journals Variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
MH Khan ◽  
SR Bhuiyan ◽  
KC Saha ◽  
MR Bhuyin ◽  
ASMY Ali
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Wide Variability ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Fruit Diameter

Seventeen genotypes of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) were studied in a field experiment conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, during April 2009 to September 2010. The objectives of the study were to measure the variability among the genotypes for yield and yield contributing characters, estimate genetic parameters, association among the characters and their contribution to yield. There was a great deal of significant variation for all the characters among the genotypes. Considering genetic parameters high genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for branches per vine, yield per plant and number of fruit per plant whereas low genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) was observed for days to first male and female flowering. In all the cases, it was found that phenotypic co-efficient of variation was greater than genotypic co-efficient of variation. Highest genotypic and phenotypic co-efficient of variation was observed in branch per vine, fruit length, fruit weight and number of fruit plant which indicated a wide variability among the genotypes and offered better scope of selection. The results obtained showed that fruit length showed low direct and positive effect on yield per plant and indirect positive effect on yield per plant via fruit diameter and average fruit weight. Similar result was found for fruit diameter. Average fruit weight and number of fruits per plant showed high direct and positive effect on yield per plant. Path analysis revealed that average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant, days to male flowering and fruit length had positive direct effect on fruit yield. Considering group distance and the agronomic performance, the inter genotypic crosses between G2& G5; G2&G14; G14&G15; G2&G15; G10&G11; G10&G13; G11&G13; G5&G15; G5&G14 might be suitable choice for future hybridization programme.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(4): 607-618, December 2015

scholarly journals 015 PERFORMANCE OF TWELVE STRAWBERRY GENOTYPES IN FUMIGATED AND NONFUMIGATED SOIL

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 429f-429
Author(s):  
Kirk D. Larson ◽  
Douglas V. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soil Fumigation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Plantation Establishment ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Main Effects

Performance traits for twelve strawberry genotypes (Fragaria × ananassa) were evaluated in annual hill culture, with and without preplant soil fumigation (methyl bromide/ Chloropicrin 67:33, 350#/A) at two location. One trial followed several cycles of strawberry plantation whereas the other had not been planted to strawberries for over 20 years. Plant mortality was less than 3%. thus the main effects of fumigation treatment in these experiments must be due to sublethal effects of soil organisms. Plants grown in nonfumigated soil yielded 57% and 51% of the fruit produced by plants on adjacent fumigated soil, for “new” and “old” strawberry ground respectively. Highly significant (P<0.01) differences were also detected for fruit weight (88% and 93%) and leaf number after plantation establishment (73% and 80%). Significant genotype × fumigation interaction was not detected for any of the Performance traits. These results demonstrate that strawberry productivity is substantially increased by fumigation, even in the absence of lethal pathogens. More importantly, little opportunity exists for developing cultivars specifically adapted to nonfumigated soils.

scholarly journals Black Polyethylene Mulch Doubled Yield of Fresh-market Field Tomatoes

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 787-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aref Abdul-Baki ◽  
C. Spence ◽  
R. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Early Production ◽  
Polyethylene Mulch

Field experiments were conducted to a) maximize total yield of fresh-market field tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars using black polyethylene mulch (BPM), and b) increase fruit size and yield during the last 5 weeks of the production period by reducing the number of synthate sinks per plant through eliminating all flowers that appeared during this period. Unmulched treatments under trickle irrigation and multiple applications of soluble fertilizer yielded an average of 43 t·ha-1 for `Sunny' and `Pik-Rite' over the two planting dates. With BPM, total yield increased by 95% to 84 t·ha-1. Although total yield increases due to BPM over the control were highly significant in both cultivars and over the two planting dates, yield increases were higher for the early than for the optimum planting date. BPM also significantly increased early production of `Pik-Rite' but not `Sunny', and the increase in early production was more pronounced for the optimum than the early planting date. Sink reduction during the last 5 weeks of the growing season had no effect on yield or fruit weight during that period.

scholarly journals Producing a Grafted and a Non-Grafted Tomato Plant from the Same Seedling

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Hanna Y. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Root Media ◽  
Apparent Reason ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Propagation Methods

Growing grafted hybrid tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivars in greenhouse operations is gaining popularity worldwide. The costs of producing grafted plants remain a deterrent to the smaller producer. After removing plant tops to use as scions for grafting tomato plants, the stumps that have well-developed root systems and cotyledon leaves are usually discarded with the root media and containers. If productive plants can be produced from sprouts on the stumps, they can be used as non-grafted hybrids at the same farm or sold to other growers for income to defray part of the grafting costs. A 2-year greenhouse study examined the effects of three propagation methods and three tomato cultivars on plant yield and related traits. Seedling, grafted, and stump sprout plants of the hybrid cultivars Geronimo, Quest, and Starbuck were used in this study. Plants grafted on ‘Maxifort’ rootstock had greater stem diameter (P < 0.0001) below the first and third clusters than the seedling or stump sprout plants. The seedling plants had greater stem diameter than stump sprout plants below both clusters. During the first 3 weeks of harvest, seedling plants produced greater yields (P < 0.0001) than grafted or stump sprout plants and the differences were cultivar related. ‘Quest’ was the only cultivar that produced similar yields (2.8 vs. 2.3 lb) as a seedling or a grafted plant during the first 3 weeks of harvest. Tomato plants propagated by all three methods produced similar yields and fruit weight in the remaining 16 weeks of harvest. Cultivars had no significant effect on yield during the first 3 weeks of harvest (P > 0.05), but their yields were significantly different during the remaining 16 weeks of harvest (P < 0.0001). The apparent reason for yield advantages of the seedling plants during the first 3 weeks of harvest was the uninterrupted growth during the seedling stage. Propagation method had no specific influence on fruit quality attributes. On the bases of this study, producing productive tomato plants from stump sprouts is a feasible cultural technique that can reduce losses associated with plants used in grafting. It also allows the repeated use of the soilless media and the seedling containers. The produced plants can generate substantial income for businesses that graft a significant number of tomato seedlings. For this cultural method to work, grafting should be timed to allow the stump sprout plants to grow for at least 5 weeks before planting in the grow bags. This practice is normally followed in producing transplants from seeds.

scholarly journals The influence of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch.) and irrigation on yield of 5-years-old apple trees

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Wojciech Warabieda ◽  
Remigiusz W. Olszak
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Economic Injury ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae Koch

The influence of the two-spotted spider mite (<i>Tetranychus urticae</i>) on yield of apple trees was investigated. The experiment was conducted on rrigated and non-irrigated 5-years-old apple trees of 'Close' and 'Jonagold' cultivars grafted on M.9. The population size of the pest exceeded four and two times the valid (in Poland) economic injury level on trees of 'Close' and 'Jonagold' cultivars respectively. No significant influence of mites on yield and its quality (mean fruit weight and fruit colour) was observed on both apple cultivars. Irrigation had positive effect on yield and quality of 'Jonagold'. On the contrary, trees of ' Close' cultivar were positively influenced by irrigation only regarding fruits colour. Results of the study support opinion that the economic injury level for apple orchards, with respect to two-spotted spider mite, should be higher than it is up to now.

scholarly journals The effects of treating the seedlings of a Strawberry (L. Fragaria Ananassa) plant with a Colchicine on the Characteristics of its productivity: تأثير معاملة شتلات الشليك L. Fragaria Ananassa بمادة الكولشسين على التباين في صفات الحاصل للنبات

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Youssef Abdel Rahman Mahmoud - Iyad Assi Obeid - Nizar Aslem
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Apical Part ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Total Acidity ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Significant Difference

An experiment was conducted in the research station Horticulture and landscape gardening Dept./college of Agriculture university of Diyala for the period from 2016/12/15 up to 2017/7/1. to study the effect of colchicine and its effect on the properties of the chemical properties of the fruit of the plant, because most of the species in the country with low productivity, of the Strawberry plant when treating its apical part by the Colchicine with concentrations of zero, 0.05, and 0.1%. The number of treatment times was (one treatment and two treatments). The results of the showed that the plants that treated with 0.1% Colchicine were Increased the number of fruits (11.650 fruit/plant), the size of fruit (3.033 cm3), the weight of a single fruit (9.683 mg), the amount of productivity in the plant (108.233 g/plant), the percentage of acidity (0.707%), the amount of vitamin C (46.969 mg/100g),. when Compared with the control value of treatment, it found that the control value of treatment has more number of stomata with average (26 stomata.mm2). while with the treatment of 0.05% concentration, the percentage of the sugars was the highest around (16.488%). The treatment of the top of the plant did not affect the number of fruits per plant, while the size of the fruit affected the date of treatment exceeded the plants treated twice the plants on the treatment of one time at a rate of 8.388 cm 3. As for the fruit weight and the quantity of plant yield, there was no significant difference between the date of treatment of the plant. Also, there was no effect of the date of treatment in the percentage of total acidity of the fruit. The effect of the double interaction between both the concentration and the treatment date. The results indicate that the highest number of fruits per plant, the quantity of fruit per plant and the quantity of vitamin C in fruit is achieved when treated with 0.1% The fruit weight and the total percentage of total sugars eliminated all the interference coefficients on the comparison treatment. The results also indicate that the highest rate of fruit size and the percentage of total acidity was in the treatment 0.1% and two treatment (9.910 cm 3) and (0.755%) respectively.

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