Use of Lycopersicon cheesmanii and L. chmielewskii to increase dry matter content of tomato fruit

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Poysa
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Solids Content

Advanced lines and backcrosses from interspecific hybridization of processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with six L. chmielewskii (Rick, Kesicki, Fobes and Holle) and L. cheesmanii (Riley) accessions were evaluated in the field over 2 yr for soluble solids content (SSC), total solids content (TSC), fruit yield and fruit size to determine the effectiveness of combining elevated solids levels with high fruit yield and size following early generation selection. More than a quarter of the lines had significantly higher SSC levels than the recurrent tomato parent, Purdue 812 (P812). Several lines combined high SSC and TSC with high fruit yield and large fruit size to produce more dry matter yield per hectare or per fruit than P812. Two backcrosses were optimal for combining high SSC and high yield. SSC and TSC were negatively correlated with fruit size and, to a lesser degree, with fruit yield. Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, soluble solids, total solids

TOMATO FRUIT PROPERTIES AFFECTING CONSISTENCY OF CONCENTRATED PRODUCT

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 881-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLARD P. MOHR
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Apparent Loss ◽  
Tomato Product ◽  
Solids Content

Fruit properties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) that determine the flow characteristics of the concentrated product were associated mainly with water-insoluble solids content and serum viscosity. Levels of total (mostly soluble) solids had much less effect on product flowability. Soluble and total solids levels fluctuated widely between and within seasons, increasing during periods of low rainfall and vice versa. Water-insoluble solids content appeared to be mainly cultivar-dependent, and only minimally influenced by moisture and other climatic conditions. Levels of all three solids fractions and serum viscosity differed characteristically from one cultivar to another. Cultivars also differed with respect to apparent loss of water-insoluble solids and serum viscosity during the concentration process.Key words: Tomato, product, consistency, viscosity, solids, serum

scholarly journals 304 Effects of Calcium and Magnesium on Growth, Fruit Yield, and Quality of Greenhouse Tomato Grown in Rockwool

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 444B-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuming Hao ◽  
Athanasios P. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Fruit Cracking ◽  
High Calcium

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv. Trust was grown in rockwool in summer and fall 1999 and 8 calcium/magnesium nutrient treatments, formed by two levels of calcium (Ca: 150 and 300 ppm) and four levels of magnesium (Mg: 20, 50, 80, and 110 ppm), were applied to investigate the effects on growth, fruit yield and quality. High calcium (300 ppm) increased overall fruit yield and size, reduced incidence of blossom-end rot and fruit cracking. However, high calcium also reduced the dry-matter content, soluble solid content and firmness of tomato fruit, and increased fruit russetting. Magnesium did not affect early growth or fruit production. However, 2 months after applying the treatments, the plants grown under 20 ppm Mg started to show Mg-deficient symptoms (leaf chlorosis), and Mg-deficient leaves lost more than 50% of their photosynthetic capability. The Mg concentration required for achieving high yield of firm fruit with high soluble solids and dry-matter content increased as the plant aged; i.e, 50 ppm in early stage of fruit production and 80 ppm in later stage of fruit production. At the end of experiment, the plants grown with 80 ppm of Mg also had the best root systems. Therefore, for both better yield and quality, a concentration of 300/50-80 ppm Ca/Mg may be recommended. Mg concentration may be started at 50 ppm and gradually be increased to 80 ppm in the later stage of fruit production.

Integrating Vis-SWNIR spectrometer in a conveyor system for in-line measurement of dry matter content and soluble solids content of durian pulp

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 111640
Author(s):  
Wanphut Saechua ◽  
Sneha Sharma ◽  
Natrapee Nakawajana ◽  
Kritsanaphon Leepaitoon ◽  
Rashphon Chunsri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Conveyor System ◽  
Line Measurement ◽  
Solids Content

Effects of day and night air temperature in early season on growth, productivity and energy use of spring tomato

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios P. Papadopoulos ◽  
Xiuming Hao
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Temperature Regimes

Effects of air temperature on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) growth, yield and heating energy consumption were investigated in spring of 1993 and 1994. Tomato plants were grown under nine day/night air temperature regimes formed by factorial combination of three day (19, 20 and 21°C) and three night (16, 17 and 18°C) heating temperature set points. Early (until 30 April) fruit yield increased but early fruit size decreased with increasing daily average air temperature (MT, 24-h mean). The plants grown under high daily average air temperature early in the season had lower fruit yield late in the season. Plants grown under high night air temperature (NT) and low day air temperature (DT) during the early production period achieved high fruit yield in early season and avoided the negative effects of high MT on early fruit size; these plants also had high yield and large fruit size late in the season. The different day and night heating temperature regimes studied caused no more than 10% in heating energy use variation. Therefore, for greenhouse tomato production under Great Lakes conditions (approx. 42°N), the optimal day/night air temperature (from January to April) is 20.8–21.0/18.5–19.0°C (actual air temperatures). Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, tomato, yield, quality, fruit size, daily average air temperature (MT), day-night air temperature difference (DIF), day air temperature (DT), night air temperature (NT)

scholarly journals Collection accessions and source material as a determining factor for producing new melon cultivars

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
E. A. Varivoda ◽  
Т. G. Koleboshina ◽  
М. S. Kornilova
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Source Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Dry Matter

Background. The main trend in melon breeding is the development of cultivars with good taste, high yield, and disease resistance. The task may be solved through a scientific search for new source material meeting these requirements.Materials and methods. The research was performed at Bykovsky Cucurbit Breeding Experiment Station. Melon accessions of various origin and F1 hybrids from the nursery of source material served as the research material. In total, during the period of 2015–2017, over 100 melon accessions were studied: 45 accessions from the VIR collection, 61 from various companies, and 12 developed at various research institutions. In the nursery of source material, the accessions were hybridized and the resulting hybrid combinations were tested, including tests against infections. All of them were evaluated for their economically useful traits, yield, taste qualities, and resistance to bio- and abiostressors. During the trials they were compared with the best released cultivars approved for dryland conditions according to the developed guidelines.Results. The purpose of this work was to study the genetic collections of melons and obtain new source forms for further breeding. As a result of the study of the collection material, 12 accessions were identified with the following economically useful traits: high yield (exceeding the reference by more than 20%), high dry matter content (from 14 to 19%), large fruit size (fruit weight higher than 4.0 kg), and other features. After hybridization and testing in F1, the following 5 hybrid combinations were distinguished: Ekler × Osen; Dyuna × Mayskaya, Sheker and No 323; Katyusha × Mestny (k-7459, Georgia); Harmony × Mestny (k7461, Georgia), characterized by a set of features important for breeding.Conclusion. Thus, for further improvement by breeding and release of new melon cultivars, source accessions were selected with a yield exceeding 15.0 t/ha, dry matter content of 13.0%, bright fruit color, and resistance to diseases.

scholarly journals Effects of grafting on different rootstocks on tomato fruit yield and quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Turhan ◽  
N. Ozmen ◽  
M.S. Serbeci ◽  
V. Seniz
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of the study was to find effects of tomato grafting on another cultivar. The tomato cultivars used as scions were Yeni Talya, Swanson and Beril. Cultivars used as rootstocks were Beaufort and Arnold. Cleft grafting methods were applied. The following characteristics of grafted and nongrafted plants were recorded: fruit index, number of fruits/truss, fruit weight, fruit yield, dry matter, pH, concentration of soluble solids, titratable acidity, total sugar and lycopene and vitamin C. The results showed that fruit yield and fruit index, number of fruits/truss and fruit weights were improved by grafting. Fruit quality, measured in terms of dry matter, concentration of soluble solids, total sugar, and vitamin C content, was lower in the fruits of grafted plants than in nongrafted ones. No significant difference in lycopene and pH content was found. Titratable acid content was improved by grafting. A positive effect of grafting was recorded when Beaufort was used as rootstock. These results showed that grafting could be an advantageous alternative in tomato production.

scholarly journals Manipulation of Fruit Dry Matter via Seasonal Pruning and Its Relationship to d’Anjou Pear Yield and Fruit Quality

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
Alex Goke ◽  
Sara Serra ◽  
Stefano Musacchi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
High Dry Matter ◽  
Solids Content

Orchard-side optimization of fruit quality is experiencing renewed research focus in the fresh fruit industry as new technologies and quality metrics have emerged to enhance consumer acceptance and satisfaction. Fruit dry matter, one such quality index gaining traction among numerous fresh fruit commodities, was targeted for improvement in d’Anjou pear with the application of seasonal pruning cycles (fall, fall and summer, winter, and winter and summer) across two growing seasons in 2016 and 2017 in a mid-aged, traditionally managed commercial orchard in the Columbia basin, Washington, USA. Dry matter was assessed non-destructively on pears using near-infrared spectroscopy at harvest and fruit categorized in to low (<13%), moderate (13–16%), and high (>16%) dry matter quality categories, revealing that fall pruning positively impacted average predicted fruit dry matter in comparison to winter pruning (15.1 vs. 14.2% in 2016 and 13.7 vs. 13.1% predicted dry matter in 2017 for winter vs. fall pruning, respectively), as well in the abundance of high dry matter fruits. The addition of summer pruning to either fall or winter pruning increased fruit size by up to 13% of proportion of fruits 80 mm or greater in diameter. Further, a tendency for summer pruning to decrease yield (up to nearly 30 kg/tree lower yields), average fruit dry matter (up to 0.5% lower average predicted dry matter), and abundance of high dry matter fruits (up to 11% fewer high predicted dry matter fruits) was observed. Fruit quality classes assembled on predicted dry matter verified the utility of this emerging parameter as a fruit quality metric for pears as demonstrated by more desirable post-harvest eating characteristics such as higher soluble solids content corresponding to greater at-harvest predicted dry matter categories. Targeted seasonal pruning in association with precise at-harvest dry matter fruit sorting may preserve the profitability of pear cultivation through their impact on fruit quality and associated consumer experiences.

CHANGES OF ACTINIDIA KOLOMIKTA FRUIT TEXTURE DURING STORAGE IN CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE CHAMBERS

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelija PAULAUSKIENĖ ◽  
Viktoras PRANCKIETIS ◽  
Toma BARČYTĖ ◽  
Živilė TARASEVIČIENĖ
Keyword(s):  
Yield Point ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Solids Content

Investigations were carried out in 2013. A. kolomikta cv. ‘Laiba’, ‘Lankė’, ‘Landė’, ‘Paukštės Šakarva’ fruits were picked at the technical maturity stage. The amount of dry matter, soluble solids and texture parameters were established in fruits after harvesting and during storage. Fruits stored for 8 weeks in controlled atmosphere chambers with different air parameters (No. 1–21 % O2, No. 2–0.5 % O2, No. 3–1 % O2, No. 4–1 % O2 and 1 % CO2). Dry matter, soluble solids and texture analysis were done biweekly. The amount of dry matter was determined by drying the samples to the constant mass at the temperature of 105 ºC. Soluble solids content was determined by the refractometric method. Fruit texture parameters were analysed by Texture analyser. The results of chemical analysis at harvest time showed that the biggest amount of dry matter and the highest value of flesh firmness were in ‘Laiba’ fruits, soluble solids in ‘Landė’ fruits. The highest value of bio-yield point was established in ‘Paukštės Šakarva’ fruits. Results of analysis showed that dry matter content as well as soluble solids content of A. kolomikta fruits increases during storage in controlled atmosphere chambers. The highest increase in soluble solids content was in chamber No. 4 and the highest increase in dry matter content was in chamber No. 2 compared with fruits at harvest time. A. kolomikta fruits texture changes during fruit ripening with bio-yield point and flesh firmness declining. The largest decrease of bio-yield point and flesh firmness of fruits occurred in two weeks of storage.

scholarly journals Yield and Fruit Quality Traits of Mamey Sapote Cultivars Grown at Two Locations in Puerto Rico

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Goenaga ◽  
David Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits

The demand for tropical fruits has increased significantly during the last decade as consumers seek healthy and more diverse food products. There is a lack of formal experimentation to determine yield performance and fruit quality traits of mamey sapote (Pouteria sapota) cultivars. Six mamey sapote cultivars (Copan, Magaña, Mayapan, Pace, Pantin, Tazumal) grown on Ultisol and Oxisol soils were evaluated for 5 years at Corozal and Isabela, PR, respectively. There was a significant difference in the number and weight of fruit per hectare between locations, averaging 25,929 fruit/ha and 16,527 kg·ha−1 at Corozal and 17,887 fruit/ha and 11,920 kg·ha−1 at Isabela. ‘Tazumal’ had the highest 5-year mean number and weight of fruit per hectare, but fruit of this cultivar was very small and contained several seeds, which could reduce its marketability. At Corozal, cultivars Tazumal and Magaña had significantly higher fruit yield per hectare than the rest of the cultivars, whereas ‘Magaña’, ‘Tazumal’, and ‘Pantín’ had the highest fruit yield at Isabela. At both locations, ‘Pantin’ had relatively high yield, above-average soluble solids concentration values, and adequate fruit size and weight for domestic and export markets (650–900 g), making this cultivar suitable for planting at various agroenvironments typical of the humid tropics.

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on fruit yield and quality of processing tomatoes

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 865-871 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Warner ◽  
T. Q. Zhang ◽  
X. Hao
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Available N ◽  
Processing Tomato

Four processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars (CC337, H9230, H9492 and H9553) were field-grown in southwestern Ontario using five N fertilization rates in each of 4 yr (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1 in 1999 and 0, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg N ha-1 in 2000, 2001 and 2002). Total fruit yield increased linearly as N rate was increased except in 2001, which was a dry year. Responses of marketable yield to fertilizer N rate were dependent on cultivar and the year. In years when sufficient soil water was available, N fertilizer rates of 200 kg ha-1 or higher were required to produce the maximum marketable yield for the four cultivars. In the dryer years, the response to fertilizer N rate was cultivar dependent, and the application of 150 to 200 kg N ha-1 was sufficient to maximize marketable yield. Fertilizer N above the rate required for maximum marketable yield increased green fruit yield at harvest. Nitrogen rate did not affect the soluble solids (SS) content, firmness, size or colour of marketable fruit. Differences in yield and fruit quality were noted among cultivars. H9553 was the highest-yielding cultivar. H9230 had the largest fruit size. CC337 generally had the best red fruit colour and the lowest percent SS. H9492 generally had the highest percent SS. To attain maximum marketable yields, it appears that N rates should be adjusted based on cultivars, anticipated rainfall levels and availability of irrigation. Key words: Lycopersicon esculentum, processing tomato, nitrogen fertilization, yield, quality

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