Fertilisation soufrée du soja

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Abbès ◽  
A. Karam ◽  
L. E. Parent ◽  
D. Isfan
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Methionine Concentration ◽  
Glycine Max L

The effect of S (60, 120 and 240 kg ha−1) and N (45 and 90 kg ha−1) fertilization on the yield and quality of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill ’Maple Amber’), grown on a Kamouraska silty clay loam, was studied under greenhouse conditions, and in the field over a period of 2 yr. In the greenhouse, soybean (dry matter and pod weights) was responsive to N and S, and an excess of sulfate reduced P and K levels in the upper leaves. In the field, small or nonsignificant differences between fertilizer treatments were found for yield parameters in 1988 and 1989. However, as compared to the 45-kg ha−1 application rate, application of 90 kg N ha−1 decreased methionine concentration in the grain in 1989, when yield was low. Thus, excessive N reduced the nutritive value of soybean without affecting yield.Key words: Protein, oil, amino acids, nutritive value of soybean

scholarly journals The Effects of Nitrogen Source on Nutritive Value of Irrigated Silage Corn

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyfollah FALLAH ◽  
Solmaz NEISANI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Broiler Litter ◽  
Urea Fertilizer ◽  
Matter Production

Nitrogen is considered one of the most important nutrients affecting yield and quality of maize forage (Zea mays L.). A two-year field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of broiler litter and mineral fertilizer on dry matter production and silage quality of corn. The applied treatments were: unfertilized (control), 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 in the form of urea fertilizer (217, 434, and 651 kg urea ha-1, respectively) and 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1 in the form of broiler litter (7142, 14284, and 21426 kg broiler litter ha-1, respectively). The present findings showed that Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn concentrations in forage corn were not affected by urea application; however, broiler litter application significantly increased Fe, Mn and Cu concentrations of corn stover in a linear trend. The broiler litter and urea fertilizer significantly increased both dry matter and protein content of forage corn but no significant differences on those components were obtained between broiler litter and urea fertilizer at each N application rate. The results suggested that N applied to forage corn by broiler litter, at the recommended rate for inorganic N fertilization, is almost more effective in terms of forage nutritive value response than urea fertilizer. The profitability of forage corn production could be enhanced by replacing chemical fertilizers with broiler litter.

The effect of quantity, source and time of application of nitrogen fertilizers on the yield and quality of Andropogon gayanus at Shika, Nigeria

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Haggar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Andropogon Gayanus

SUMMARYExperiments made at Shika, Nigeria, over a period of 3 years showed that the drymatter response of Andropogon gayanus to applied N was curvilinear over the range 0–896 kg N/ha, with maximum yields being obtained at an application rate of about 500 kg N/ha. However, the highest return of dry matter per unit of fertilizer applied (14·4 kg D.M./kg N) occurred at 28 kg N/ha and there was only a modest increase in crude-protein content as N was increased, reaching a maximum of 10·5% at the highest level of N. Also, at both high and intermediate levels of N, A. gayanus was replaced by less desirable grasses.May, the beginning of the rainy season, was found to be the most efficient time to apply N, although reasonable dry-matter responses were obtained by applying N in the dry season. ‘Nitro-chalk’ and calcium nitrate were more efficient sources of N than urea, sodium nitrate and, in the long term, ammonium sulphate.

THE EFFECT OF TIME OF INITIAL CUTTING ON FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY OF THREE PASTURE GRASSES AT SHIKA, NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
O. S. Onifade ◽  
A. M. Adamu ◽  
E. C. Agishi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
June July August ◽  
Pasture Grasses ◽  
June July

The effect of time of cutting on yield and nutritive value of three year old pastures of signal (Brachiaria decumbens), green panic (Panicum maximum var. trichoglume) and buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris ev. Gayndah) grasses were studied. The pastures were harvested for hay yield on 5th November, 1977 and allowed to rest until subjection to initial cut in June, July, August or September, 1978. Immediately after the July cut, all the plots received 100kg N/ha and 40kg P205/ha. Regrowths from the initial cuts and the control (uninterrupted growth) were all cut on 16th November, 1978. The dry matter (DM) yields of the grasses increased with increasing stage of maturity. Signal grass was more productive (P < 0.05) (17.3t/ha) than the other grasses averaged over the cutting dates. The yields of green panic and buffel grasses were 8.3 and 11.0t/ha respectively. The regrowth DM yields declined with a delay in the initial cut. Except for the increases in CP (6.9%) and IVDMD (50.1%) contents of the primary growth in August, these parameters declined as the grasses aged. Deferring the initial cutting date resulted in significant (P < 0.05) increases in CP and IVDMD contents of the regrowths. Percent increases as a result of cutting at the different date over the control for DM and CP yield were 28 and 74, respectively. Further evaluation of the three species in grazing trial is suggested. 

Harvest time and N fertilization effects on forage yield and quality of quackgrass (Elytrigia repens L.) in northeastern Saskatchewan

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Malhi ◽  
A. Foster ◽  
K. S. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Elytrigia Repens

Quackgrass [Elytrigia repens (L.) Beauv.] is a primary noxious weed, but some cattle producers are discovering its value as forage for early-season grazing and for winter feeding as hay. Little information is available on how its production and quality change with advancing maturity and on its response to improved management in the Parkland zone of the Canadian prairies. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of harvest date and N fertilizer (surface-broadcast ammonium nitrate at 0, 56, 112 and 168 kg N ha-1) on the forage yield and quality of quackgrass. The study was done on a 10-yr-old quackgrass (˜ 90%) dominated stand on a silty clay loam (Dark Gray Luvisol) soil near Tisdale in northeastern Saskatchewan. For the harvest dates between early June and early September, maximum dry matter yield (DMY) was in August and maximum protein yield (PY) occurred in July. A delay in harvest reduced protein concentration (PC) and total digestible nutrients concentration (TDN), while it increased acid detergent fiber concentration (ADF). The DMY, PC and PY increased with increasing N rate for both Cut 1 (in early July) and Cut 2 (in late September). Strong quadratic relationships were observed between DMY and N rate. The effect of N application was relatively greater on PY than DMY due to the cumulative effect of increases in DMY and PC, and was greater in Cut 1 than in Cut 2. With the increase in N rate, TDN showed a trend of small increase, while ADF tended to decrease. In summary, the results show that N fertilization increases both forage yield and quality of quackgrass. Harvesting in late July or August is likely to provide maximum DMY when one harvest per season is taken. Key words: Acid detergent fiber, dry matter, forage, harvest date, hay, N fertilization, protein, quackgrass, total digestible nutrients

INFLUENCE OF POPULATION DENSITY AND HYBRID MATURITY ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF FORAGE MAIZE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. FAIREY
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Maize ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Whole Plant

Nine maize hybrids, representing early, medium and late maturities (maximum 3000 corn heat units), were grown at 75 000 and 100 000 plants/ha for 2 yr at two locations in order to examine the in vitro digestible dry matter (DDM) yield and quality of whole-plant (shoot) and stover components. Early hybrids produced 90% as much DDM yield as medium or late hybrids. Comparing densities, the higher density resulted in a greater increase in DDM yield at Surrey than at Agassiz and it did not depress whole-plant dry matter (DM) content. Whole-plant DM digestibility (DMD) was 2% lower for early hybrids compared to mediums or lates. Density had no influence on whole-plant DMD at Surrey, but the higher density reduced it by 1% at Agassiz. Stover DDM yield was greater at Surrey than at Agassiz whereas whole-plant DDM yield was greater at Agassiz. Harvest index was positively, but not closely, correlated with whole-plant DMD (r = 0.28***) and was inversely correlated with stover DMD (r = − 0.45***). Thus, nutritive value of maize was only marginally dependent on the grain component. Results suggest that, in the marginal corn-growing environments of the region studied, it may be beneficial to use hybrids considerably later than those normally adapted and grow them at a density approaching 100 000 plants/ha to maximize digestible yields and quality. The harvested forage may have a DM content too low for direct ensiling, but this can be rectified by addition of dry high-protein supplements (e.g. alfalfa cubes) at ensiling time.

Drip Irrigation and Stand Establishment Affect Yield and Quality of Cantaloupe

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 545d-545
Author(s):  
D.I. Leskovar ◽  
J.C. Ward ◽  
R.W. Sprague ◽  
A. Meiri
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Stand Establishment ◽  
Yield And Quality

Water pumping restrictions of high-quality irrigation water from underground aquifers is affecting vegetable production in Southwest Texas. There is a need to develop efficient deficit-irrigation strategies to minimize irrigation inputs and maintain crop profitability. Our objective was to determine how growth, yield, and quality of cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L. cv. `Caravelle') are affected by irrigation systems with varying input levels, including drip depth position and polyethylene mulch. Stand establishment systems used were containerized transplants and direct seeding. Field experiments were conducted on a Uvalde silty clay loam soil. Marketable yields increased in the order of pre-irrigation followed by: dry-land conditions, furrow/no-mulch, furrow/mulch, drip-surface (0 cm depth)/mulch, drip-subsurface (10-cm depth)/mulch, and drip-subsurface (30 cm depth)/mulch. Pooled across all drip depth treatments, plants on drip had higher water use efficiency than plants on furrow/no-mulch or furrow/mulch systems. Transplants with drip-surface produced 75% higher total and fruit size No. 9 yields than drip-subsurface (10- or 30-cm depth) during the first harvest, but total yields were unaffected by drip tape position. About similar trends were measured in a subsequent study except for a significant irrigation system (stand establishment interaction for yield. Total yields were highest for transplants on drip-subsurface (10-cm depth) and direct seeded plants on drip-subsurface (10 and 30 cm depth) with mulch.

Effects of Actinidia yellowing ringspot virus on the yield and quality of kiwifruit

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wu ◽  
Yicheng Wang ◽  
Jiaxiu Sun ◽  
Yuling Liu ◽  
SHRESTHA SUJATA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Acid Ratio

China is the origin and distribution center of kiwifruit, as well as the country with the largest cultivated area and output of kiwifruit. A previous study found that a new kiwifruit virus, Actinidia yellowing ringspot virus (AYRSpV), has been detected in kiwifruit samples with yellowed leaves. The incidence of this virus was high in kiwifruit plantings in Shaanxi Province. To determine the symptoms of this viral infection and the effects of this virus on the yield and quality of kiwifruits, we measured leaf chlorophyll levels and the fruit yield, total sugar, total acid and dry matter contents of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruits grafted with AYRSpV-infected scions. The results showed that after AYRSpV infection, symptoms including chlorotic ringspots were mainly observed in the spring and gradually recovered with high summer temperatures. A few of the leaves that did not recover showed symptoms of albinism, which lasted until the leaves fell. We found that AYRSpV infection could reduce the chlorophyll content of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit by 74.61-76.64%, the fruit yield by 14.50-24.10%, the sugar to acid ratio by 50.09-50.57%, and the fruit dry matter content by 1.67-1.78%. Our results showed that AYRSpV infection could significantly affect the yield and quality of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit.

scholarly journals Soil quality of the tea and apple-growing sites in Mindat District, Chin state, Myanmar: A preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-40
Author(s):  
Yaung Kwee ◽  
Khin Soe
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Silty Clay Loam ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Very High ◽  
Physicochemical Properties Of Soils

In this study, two sites from tea and apple growing sites were collected from Pyay village and Nine Mile village, Mindat district, Chin state of West Myanmar under a humid subtropical climate. The results of physicochemical properties of observed soils were neutral pH, favorable moisture, silty clay loam texture, very high content of organic carbon, organic matter and total nitrogen. However, the tea growing soil was very poor in phosphorus and potassium content. Moreover, both soils lack of available potassium. The content of heavy metals in both soils was not varied from each other and followed the order: Fe (iron) > Cu (copper) >Zn (zinc) > Pb (lead) > Cr (chromium) and was below the maximum allowed concentrations (MAC). Therefore, the studied soils are generally favorable for cultivation under the condition of application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. However, due to the regular application of fertilizers and pesticides, it is necessary to monitor these soils for PTE levels. Further research is recommended, which must include analyses of the physicochemical properties of soils to a two depths of 0-30 and 30-60 cm, especially for the area where fruit plants are grown. In addition, higher density of soil samples and sub-samples are necessary to produce a reliable dataset that will allow proper statistical analysis.

scholarly journals Influence of Genotype, Site, and Year on Maize Nutritive Value – Yield Relationships

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
J. Hakl ◽  
R. Loučka ◽  
J. Jirmanová ◽  
V. Jambor
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Maize Genotype

Abstract Maize genotype selection represents a practical tool influencing forage yield and quality. The main objective was to investigate the contribution of genotype, site, and year to variability of maize yield and quality in the environment of Central Europe. Totally 63 maize genotypes at 11 sites over a 7-year period were evaluated for dry matter yield (DMY), dry matter content (DM), starch, cob, neutral detergent fibre (NDF), in situ digestibility of stover NDF (NDFD), and organic matter (OMD). The genotype showed the highest variability from all factors where stover NDFD varied from 261 to 529 g kg-1 and stover OMD from 376 to 609 g kg-1. In contrast to the whole-plant, variability of stover traits was more closely related to NDF than the DM content. Under standardized plant DM, all tested factors were significant and allowed interpretation of 70 and 60% of total variation of yield and quality for stover and whole plant, respectively. The average contributions of genotype, site, and year were 30, 7, and 5%, respectively. For variability in plant productivity and nutritive value, the importance of maize genotype selection was more than two times higher than the contribution of environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document