EFFECTS OF Rhizobium INOCULUM CONCENTRATION STRAIN AND COMBINED NITROGEN ON GROWTH AND NODULATION OF A SUPERNODULATING COMMON BEAN AND ITS PARENT LINE

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. BUTTERY ◽  
S. J. PARK ◽  
S. BERNARD ◽  
W. STREIT ◽  
D. WERNER
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Combined Nitrogen ◽  
Parent Line ◽  
Nodule Senescence ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Unit Plant

Numbers of nodules formed on both the supernodulating common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) line R32-BS (BS) and its parent cultivar (OAC Rico) increased with Rhizobium inoculum concentration up to about 105 cells mL−1. As numbers of nodules increased, their average size decreased. Red nodules as a fraction of total nodules decreased with increasing numbers of nodules: a large proportion of nodules at the higher concentrations appeared to be non-functional. Acetylene reduction (AR) rates per plant did not differ between supernodulator and parent line. AR per gram total nodule fresh weight was greater in the parent line than in the supernodulator, but AR per gram red nodule weight was the same in the two lines. Combined nitrogen had its main effect in increasing plant weight, but had little effect on nodule characteristics. However, nodule weights/numbers per unit plant weight were decreased by combined nitrogen. OAC Rico and BS responded similarly to N. Rhizobium strain TAL182 produced fewer but more efficient nodules than Kim5s.Key words: Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, Phaseolus vulgaris, supernodulation, nodule number, nodule senescence, inoculum concentration

Characterization of some non-fixing mutants of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Buttery ◽  
S. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Parent Line ◽  
Rhizobium Strains ◽  
Wild Type Parent

With 18 strains of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli the bean mutants R99 and NOD125 remained essentially non-nodulating, while the mutant R69 produced a variable number of small white ineffective nodules, and the wild-type parent-line OAC Rico formed a variable number of pink effective nodules. Both R69 and R99 grew less vigorously than OAC Rico, but possessed similar levels of nitrate reductase in both roots and leaves, and responded in a normal way to increased supply of combined nitrogen. Reciprocal grafts between the non-nodulating R99 and NOD125, the ineffective R69, the wild-type parent line OAC Rico, and the supernodulating R32BS, demonstrated that the non-nodulating and ineffective characters were controlled by the root, and confirmed that the supernodulation character was controlled by the shoot. Key words: Common bean, nitrate reductase, non-fixing mutants, Phaseolus vulgaris, Rhizobium strains, supernodulation

Comparison of growth and N accumulation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. OAC Rico and its two nodulation mutants, R69 and R99

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Shirtliffe ◽  
J. Kevin Vessey ◽  
B. R. Buttery ◽  
S. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Nodulation Mutants ◽  
Wild Type Parent

Nodulation mutants are present in many species of legumes and have potential as ideal reference crops in field measurements of N2 fixation. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the growth, development, mineral-N accumulation, and N2 fixation of two nodulation mutants of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), R69 (nod+/fix−) and R99 (nod−) in comparison with the wild type parent OAC Rico. The mutants were incapable of N2 fixation. With dual dependence on N2 fixation and [Formula: see text] as N sources, OAC Rico accumulated more N than R69 and R99. However, when supplied with mineral [Formula: see text] sufficient to prevent N2 fixation in OAC Rico, its growth and N accumulation did not differ from those of the mutants. There were differences in internode length that resulted in different heights among the three lines. The addition of silver to the nutrient solution failed to restore nodulation to R99. As a result, it was determined that the nod− phenotype is not a result of an ethylene-related mutation. The nodulation mutants R69 and R99 appear to be good choices as reference crops for common bean in N2 fixation studies. Key words: Common bean, N accumulation, N2 fixation, nodulation mutants, Phaseolus vulgaris, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli

scholarly journals RETENÇÃO DE ÁGUA PELO DOSSEL DO FEIJOEIRO IRRIGADO POR ASPERSÃO

Irriga ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Jose Alves Junior ◽  
Pedro Marques da Silveira ◽  
Luiz Fernando Stone ◽  
Paulo Cesar Ribeiro da Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Bean Leaves

 O conhecimento da retenção de água pela parte aérea das plantas é importante para fins de manejo da irrigação e quimigação (alvo folha). Este trabalho objetivou estimar o volume de água por hectare retido no dossel da cultura do feijoeiro sob uma lâmina de irrigação aplicada via pivô central. Foi semeada a cultivar de feijão Pérola, nos períodos de verão, outono e inverno, no espaçamento de 0,45 m entre linhas, com 15 sementes por metro. As avaliações foram realizadas em 10 plantas, em cinco estádios fenológicos. A quantidade de água retida nas folhas das plantas foi estimada pela diferença de massa após secagem com compressor de ar. A área foliar foi avaliada em cada amostragem utilizando o medidor LICOR, modelo 3100. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de regressão. Os resultados mostraram que conhecido o índice de área foliar (IAF) é possível estimar o volume de água retida no dossel do feijoeiro (V, L ha-1) utilizando a expressão, V= 648,12*IAF. A aplicação da lâmina média de água de 8,1 mm proporcionou perdas médias de água por interceptação foliar de aproximadamente 2,5%.   UNITERMOS: Phaseolus vulgaris, área foliar, manejo da irrigação, pivô central.     ALVES JUNIOR, J.; SILVEIRA, P. M. da; STONE, L. F.; CUNHA, P. C. R. da. CANOPY WATER RETENTION OF BEAN IRRIGATED BY SPRINKLER SYSTEM     2ABSTRACT    Knowing the amount of water retained by common bean leaves is important for irrigation and chemigation purposes. This study was carried out in order to estimate the volume of water retained in common bean leaves per unit area (ha), under a center pivot irrigation depth. Pérola common bean cultivar was sown in the  summer, autumn and winter crop season at 0.45 m between rows and 15 plants per meter. 10 plants were measured at five phenological stages. The amount of water retained in the bean leaves was obtained by the difference between total plant weight (measured after irrigation) and dry plant weight (measured after drying with air). The total plant leaf area was evaluated for each sampling period using a leaf area meter LICOR, model 3100. Data were submitted to regression analyses. Results indicated that the water retained in bean leaves (V, L ha-1) can be estimated using a leaf area index (V=648.12*LAI). The application of average water depth of 8.1 mm allowed 2.5% of average water losses by foliar interception.   KEYWORDS: Phaseolus vulgaris, leaf area, irrigation management, central pivot.  

The effects of soil compaction on nodulation and growth of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Buttery ◽  
C. S. Tan ◽  
S. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Tillage System

As part of an investigation of factors limiting nodulation in the field, cultivars of common bean were grown in a sandy loam soil that had been either deep tilled (DT) to reduce compaction or repeatedly rolled by a golf cart or by a tractor followed by a golf cart. In 1991 and 1992, the tractor-rolling treatment was replaced by a conventional tillage system. Nineteen cultivars were grown in 1990; 10, in 1991; and 4, in 1992. In general, soil compaction decreased plant growth and yield but had no adverse effect on numbers or weights of nodules per plant. In 1990, nodule numbers and weights were increased by compaction in the first sample, 35 d after planting. In a combined analysis of the four cultivars common to all 3 yr, nodule weight as a fraction of total plant weight was increased by compaction. Thus, compaction had a more severe effect on overall plant growth than on nodulation per se. Numbers and weights of nodules differed among the cultivars, but they all responded similarly to compaction. Cultivars yielded differently, depending on the degree of compaction (i.e., cultivar × compaction interaction), but, even so, the cultivar that had the highest yield in the DT plots also had the highest yield in the compacted plots. For most characteristics, the severity of the effects of compaction varied with the year, presumably in response to different weather conditions. Key words: Bean yield, common bean, nodulation, Phaseolus vulgaris, soil compaction

Competition among Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains for nodulation of common bean

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luz C. George ◽  
Françoise M. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Bush Bean ◽  
Nodulation Competitiveness

Six effective Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains were examined for nodulation competitiveness on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), using all possible two-strain combinations of inoculum. Nodule occupancy was determined with strain-specific fluorescent antibodies. The strains were divided into three groups according to their overall competitive abilities on pole bean cv. Kentucky Wonder and bush bean cv. Bountiful. Strains TAL 182 and TAL 1472 were highly competitive (greater than 70% nodule occupancy); strains KIM-5, Viking 1, and CIAT 899 were moderately competitive (approximately 50% nodule occupancy); and strain CIAT 632 was poorly competitive (less than 5% nodule occupancy). The competitiveness of the six strains was similar on the two host cultivars. The proportion of competing strains in the inoculum influenced the nodule occupancy of the highly competitive and moderately competitive strains, but not that of the poorly competitive strain. Two outstanding strains (TAL 182 and TAL 1472) were identified as ideal model strains for molecular and genetic studies on nodulation competitiveness. Key words: Rhizobium, Phaseolus vulgaris, nodulation, competition.

Potato peel alleviation of the negative effects of salinity in Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Valentine)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
jalal ahmad al-tabbal
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
The Impact

Soil salinity is a serious problem that negatively affects the productivity of plant. Reducing the impact of salinity to sustain production is the goal of scientists. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of potato peel amendments at different rates in reducing the negative impact of saline water. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Valentine) was grown in soil mixed with potato peel at different rates (0, 2.5, 5 and 7.5%). To achieve this objective, plants were irrigated with three levels of saline water (0, 50 and 100 mM) to induce stress at the vegetative stage. The result showed that significant reduction in physiological parameters, plant growth and yield of common bean after irrigation with saline water. Soil amendment with different rates of potato peel significantly increased number of pods per plant, weight of pods per plant, pod length, chlorophyll content and relative water content of common bean irrigated with saline water (50mM) as compared to non-amended soil. Potato peel application also reduced electrolyte leakage and improves soil properties by reducing the salinity of soil. Furthermore, among all potato peel rates used in this investigation, the 7.5% rate had a better result for common bean production. Conversely, potato peel did not improve the yield of beans grown under high concentration of saline water (100 mM). In conclusion, soil amendments with potato peel at 7.5% rate could be successfully used as a cost effective management practice to enhance bean production in soils stressed with high salt content

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