RESPONSES OF FIELD BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) TO LEVELS OF Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli INOCULATION IN SOILS CONTAINING EFFECTIVE R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli POPULATIONS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. N. KUCEY
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the effect of adding Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inocula to field beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) growing in soils already containing R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli. Indigenous R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli populations in the 12 soils used ranged from 1.1 × 101 to 4 × 105 rhizobia g−1 of soil. Antibiotic-resistant isolates of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strain 3644 were used as inocula and inoculum levels ranged from 104 to 108 bacteria per seed. N-15 isotope dilution methods with barley as a nonfixing control plant were used to determine N2 fixation levels. Bean plants grown in soils containing greater than 8 × 10 R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli did not show positive responses to added rhizobia, except in one soil where the inoculum formed a significant proportion of nodules on inoculated plants. Plants growing in soils with less than 8 × 103R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli did show increased levels of plant N accumulation and dry matter production in response to rhizobium addition if the level of soil mineral N was less than 25 μg N g−1 soil. Nodule occupancy by the marked R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli isolate increased only in soils containing 8 × 103R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli or less. The resident population of rhizobia in many of the soils was determined to be effective in N2 fixation since the proportion of N derived from N2 fixation did not increase in response to inoculation. Increasing the number of R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli added per seed from 104 to 108 did not generally increase the effectiveness of the added inocula. Responses of beans to R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inoculation can only be expected in soils with low levels of resident R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli and mineral N.Key words: Field bean, nodule occupancy, N-15 dilution, competition, N2 fixation

Comparison of growth and N accumulation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. OAC Rico and its two nodulation mutants, R69 and R99

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Shirtliffe ◽  
J. Kevin Vessey ◽  
B. R. Buttery ◽  
S. J. Park
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Nodulation Mutants ◽  
Wild Type Parent

Nodulation mutants are present in many species of legumes and have potential as ideal reference crops in field measurements of N2 fixation. The objective of this experiment was to characterize the growth, development, mineral-N accumulation, and N2 fixation of two nodulation mutants of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), R69 (nod+/fix−) and R99 (nod−) in comparison with the wild type parent OAC Rico. The mutants were incapable of N2 fixation. With dual dependence on N2 fixation and [Formula: see text] as N sources, OAC Rico accumulated more N than R69 and R99. However, when supplied with mineral [Formula: see text] sufficient to prevent N2 fixation in OAC Rico, its growth and N accumulation did not differ from those of the mutants. There were differences in internode length that resulted in different heights among the three lines. The addition of silver to the nutrient solution failed to restore nodulation to R99. As a result, it was determined that the nod− phenotype is not a result of an ethylene-related mutation. The nodulation mutants R69 and R99 appear to be good choices as reference crops for common bean in N2 fixation studies. Key words: Common bean, N accumulation, N2 fixation, nodulation mutants, Phaseolus vulgaris, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli

Competition among Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains for nodulation of common bean

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Luz C. George ◽  
Françoise M. Robert
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Nodule Occupancy ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Bush Bean ◽  
Nodulation Competitiveness

Six effective Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains were examined for nodulation competitiveness on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), using all possible two-strain combinations of inoculum. Nodule occupancy was determined with strain-specific fluorescent antibodies. The strains were divided into three groups according to their overall competitive abilities on pole bean cv. Kentucky Wonder and bush bean cv. Bountiful. Strains TAL 182 and TAL 1472 were highly competitive (greater than 70% nodule occupancy); strains KIM-5, Viking 1, and CIAT 899 were moderately competitive (approximately 50% nodule occupancy); and strain CIAT 632 was poorly competitive (less than 5% nodule occupancy). The competitiveness of the six strains was similar on the two host cultivars. The proportion of competing strains in the inoculum influenced the nodule occupancy of the highly competitive and moderately competitive strains, but not that of the poorly competitive strain. Two outstanding strains (TAL 182 and TAL 1472) were identified as ideal model strains for molecular and genetic studies on nodulation competitiveness. Key words: Rhizobium, Phaseolus vulgaris, nodulation, competition.

OAC RICO FIELD BEAN

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. BEVERSDORF
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Science Department ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Alpha Beta

OAC Rico, a backcross-derived anthracnose-resistant cultivar of field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) similar in agronomic performance to Ex Rico 23, was developed by the Crop Science Department, University of Guelph. OAC Rico carries the Are gene that confers resistance to alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, gamma, and lambda races of anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. and Magn.) Briosi and Cav.).Key words: Cultivar description, anthracnose resistant, bean (white)

CONTRIBUTION OF N2 FIXATION TO FIELD BEAN AND PEA N UPTAKE OVER THE GROWING SEASON UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS IN SOUTHERN ALBERTA

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. N. KUCEY
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Southern Alberta

Dinitrogen fixation with field bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. 'GN1140') and pea (Pisum sativum L. 'Trapper') over the growing season under field conditions was determined using 15N isotope dilution methods. Levels of N2 fixation were low during the early part of the growing season for both bean and pea, and increased later in the growing season. At physiological maturity, GN1140 fixed over 91 kg N ha−1, contributing between 60 and 90% of the N in the bean plants. Pea fixed 117 kg N ha−1, which constituted a maximum of 57% of the pea plant N. More N was contained in the bean and pea pods than was fixed over the growing season. Key words: Bean (field), pea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, 15N dilution

SELECTION FOR CAPTAN TOLERANCE IN THE Rhizobium phaseoli-Phaseolus vulgaris L. N2-FIXING SYMBIOSIS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. RENNIE
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Field Bean ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Treated Seed ◽  
Environment Chamber ◽  
Symbiotic Properties

Application of the seed-applied fungicides captan, DL-Plus, Evershield, thiram and Metalaxyl reduced nodulation in the field bean cultivar Lancer (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in the field. Captan, Evershield, B3 and Thiram also lowered the acetylene reducing activity under the same conditions. Captan, DL-Plus, and B3 resulted in significant yield reductions of field bean inoculated with commercial multi-strain rhizobial inoculant. Since captan or captan-containing fungicides were the most potent inhibitors of symbiotic N2 fixation in field bean, spontaneous mutants of Rhizobium phaseoli strains 3644 and 8215 were selected on the basis of ability to grow in microbial medium containing 100 ppm of Captan 50 W. Controlled environment chamber and field evaluations indicated that all mutants were less sensitive to commercial rates of Captan 50 W (2.0 g per kilogram seed) than either parent strain or commercial multi-strain inoculant. Inoculation of captan-treated seed with these mutants 24 h prior to seeding did not affect nitrogenase activity or yield. Assessment of the effect of captan on the N2-fixing symbiosis and the captan tolerance of R. phaseoli strains by the acetylene reduction assay or 15N isotope dilution at levels of 15N natural abundance gave similar results. The existence of mutants of R. phaseoli tolerant to seed-applied captan but unaltered in symbiotic properties makes the combined use of captan as a seed protectant and seed-applied rhizobial inoculation fully compatible. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Rhizobium phaseoli, captan, N2 fixation, 15N isotope dilution, acetylene reduction

scholarly journals Biological nitrogen fixation by irrigated dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1159-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Akter ◽  
B.B. Pageni ◽  
N.Z. Lupwayi ◽  
P.M. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Red Bean ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
High Seed Yield

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is usually considered to be poor at biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), but large variations in this trait have been observed among bean genotypes. We evaluated 16 bean genotypes for N2 fixation ability in four N treatments: (i) uninoculated in low-N soil (30 kg N ha−1), (ii) inoculated with commercial Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inoculant Nitrastik-D® in low-N soil, (iii) inoculated with commercial R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli inoculant Nodulator® in low-N soil, and (iv) uninoculated in high-N soil (100 kg N ha−1). There were differences between genotypes in all the plant parameters that were measured, but only nodulation was affected by N treatment. The 100 kg N ha−1 treatment suppressed nodulation. Seven genotypes nodulated well with either inoculant, two genotypes nodulated better with Nitrastik-D than with Nodulator, three nodulated better with Nodulator than with Nitrastik-D, and four nodulated poorly with either inoculant. Cultivars AC Redbond, Island, and Resolute, all currently commercially grown, did not fix much N2 at flowering (4–8 kg N ha−1) or maturity (19–34 kg N ha−1). By contrast, germplasm lines PI 136692 (red bean), GH-196 (pinto bean), and LEF2RB (carioca bean) had high BNF capability at flowering (10–11 kg N ha−1) and especially at maturity (60–72 kg N ha−1), in addition to high seed yield (2778–2897 kg ha−1), indicating their superior ability to support both of these economically important traits throughout plant growth. These three genotypes would be valuable to breeders for the genetic improvement of BNF in dry bean cultivars.

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