THE EFFECT OF IMMATURITY AND HARVESTING METHOD ON THE PROPERTIES AND QUALITY OF BARLEY

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 953-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. SUMNER ◽  
W. L. CROWLE ◽  
D. T. SPURR ◽  
J. A. KERNAN
Keyword(s):  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Weight Test ◽  
Method Yield ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Barley Kernel

Three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Betzes, Harrington and Scout, a hulless cultivar, were harvested at kernel moisture contents (KMC) ranging from 55 to 12% at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in 1983 and 1984. The traditional swathing/air drying/threshing method, and the straight combining/artificial drying method were investigated. Generally all cultivars showed little or no improvement in the yield, 1000-kernel weight, test weight, proximate analysis and malting properties as the KMC decreased from 40% to about 15%. Harvesting above a KMC of 40% caused yield losses ranging from about 21 to 35% and deterioration of most other properties. In 1983, straight (direct) combining generally resulted in yields averaging 10–15% higher than the traditional swathing method, but in 1984 the effect of the harvesting methods was reversed. The swathing method usually produced superior malting quality but when harvested above a KMC of 40%, such barley would only be suitable for feed.Key words: Barley, kernel moisture content, harvesting method, yield, quality, immaturity

THE EFFECT OF DRYING TEMPERATURE ON THE PROPERTIES AND QUALITY OF IMMATURE BARLEY

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 1083-1092
Author(s):  
A. K. SUMNER ◽  
W. L. CROWLE ◽  
D. T. SPURR ◽  
S. SOKHANSANJ ◽  
J. A. KERNAN
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Harvesting Method

The effect of drying temperature was determined on the properties and quality of straight (direct) combined/artificially dried immature barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ’Harrington’) and compared with traditionally swathed/natural air-dried/threshed barley. Four stages of maturity were investigated ranging in kernel moisture content (KMC) from 56 to 19%. Straight combined samples were dried at temperatures of 20, 35, 60 and 90 °C. The artificial drying temperatures produced similar yields and 1000-kernel weights but the lower temperatures produced larger test weights for grain straight combined at 56% KMC. Small reductions in crude protein, crude fat and ash content occurred for the most immature barley when the higher drying temperatures were used. Plumpness, germination and other malting qualities decreased with increasing KMC and artificial drying temperature. Except for a little higher yield for the straight combined barley, both harvesting methods usually produced barley with similar physical properties and composition when the KMC was about 40% or less and the artificial drying temperatures did not exceed 35 °C. Swathing provided barley with the best germination and malting quality when the KMC exceeded 20%.Key words: Barley, drying, harvesting method, quality, immaturity, kernel moisture content

scholarly journals Malting Quality of ICARDA Elite Winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Germplasm Grown in Moroccan Middle Atlas

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Outmane Bouhlal ◽  
Jean Raymond Affricot ◽  
Damiano Puglisi ◽  
Adil El-Baouchi ◽  
Fatima El Otmani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Middle Atlas

Influence of sulphur application on hordein composition and malting quality of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in northern European growing conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla R.M. Holopainen ◽  
Ari Rajala ◽  
Lauri Jauhiainen ◽  
Annika Wilhelmson ◽  
Silja Home ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Growing Conditions

Characteristics of modern triticale quality: commercially significant flour traits and cookie quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 874 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Pattison ◽  
R. M. Trethowan
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Protein Locus ◽  
Cookie Quality ◽  
Weight Test ◽  
Milling Yield ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack

Triticale (Triticosecale × Wittmack) is a high yielding cereal crop with the potential to increase grain production for human food in the coming decades. The quality of triticale flour is usually intermediate between its progenitor species; however, there are considerable differences in quality and response to agronomic conditions among cultivars. The aim of this research was to quantify existing genetic variation to provide preliminary data for classification of triticale cultivars for a milling market. Eleven triticale cultivars from three growing environments were compared with five wheat cultivars bred for various end users. Average protein content, milling yield, thousand-kernel weight, test weight, hardness, colour and ash content supported previous reports. One cultivar was identified with grain hardness and milling yield equivalent to durum wheat, suggesting a null allele at the rye softness protein locus. Ash content was higher than wheat, particularly in the flour despite lower extraction rates, suggesting triticale naturally stores more minerals in its endosperm and the benchmark for milling-grade triticale should be higher than the standard for wheat. Cookie dough weight of triticale was significantly lower per unit volume, indicating current baking processes must be altered to deal with the generally poor water retention of triticale. Significant differences were observed among cultivars for cookie quality and some produced cookies equivalent to soft wheat. There is a clear need to classify cultivars into suitability for various end users to facilitate production and marketing of quality triticale.

The effect of immaturity and harvesting method on the yield and properties of barley straw

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Kernan ◽  
D. T. Spurr ◽  
W. L. Crowle ◽  
A. K. Sumner
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Method Yield ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality

The effects of immaturity and harvesting method of barley grain on residue yields and nutritive properties were investigated at Saskatoon, Saskatchewan in 1983, 1984, and 1985. Three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars (Betzes, Harrington, and Scout), were harvested at kernel moisture contents (KMC) ranging from 56% to 12% using the traditional swathing/air drying/threshing method and the direct combining/artificial drying method. Residue nutritive changes that resulted from varying swathing height and from ammonia treatment were also studied. Harvesting immature barley increased the yield and nutritive value of the residue but reduced grain yield and quality. In 1984, direct combining at 35% KMC yielded 40% more residue but only 5% less grain than swathing. Nutritive value of the residue, determined by equivalent crude protein (ECP) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), increased with higher KMC at harvest and was usually greater for direct combined than for swathed residue. Harvesting at a higher stubble height in 1985 increased residue nutritive value. Ammonia treatment of residue from all KMC's and harvesting methods increased ECP by an average of 77% in 1983 and 144% in 1984, and the IVOMD by 19% both years. KMC at harvest had little effect on improved nutritive value resulting from ammoniation. Key words: Barley, harvesting method, yield, immaturity, nutritive value, kernel moisture content, residue, straw, protein, digestibility

scholarly journals Economic Yield, Fiber Trait and Sucking Insect Pest Incidence on Advanced Genotypes of Cotton in Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
M.R. Shahid ◽  
J. Farooq ◽  
A. Mahmood ◽  
M.S. Iqbal ◽  
K. Mahmood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Pest Incidence ◽  
Harvesting Method ◽  
Method Yield

Abstract To evaluate resistance against sucking insect pest of cotton 16 cultivars were used along with their economic yield and fiber traits. Population of jassid, whitefly and thrips was recorded by using leaf turn method, yield of seed cotton was determined by hand harvesting method, while qualitative fiber properties were measured through high volume instrumentation (HVI) method. Best yield performance and staple length was of FH- 158 (4000 kg/ha) (28.1 mm), respectively. Cotton cultivar FH-172 showed resistance toward jassid and thrips but FH-158 showed resistance against jassid. Thus these resistance cultivars along with other cultivars possessing resistance against insect pest should be explored. Additional research should identify the part of one pest species on the yield and fiber quality of cotton by managing other pest species to define better management strategies.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBLE ENERGY OF BARLEY

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. BHATTY ◽  
J. D. BERDAHL ◽  
G. I. CHRISTISON
Keyword(s):  
Amylose Content ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Starch Composition ◽  
High Amylose

Digestibility of energy (D) and digestible energy (DE) content of 16 cultivars and lines of barley (Hordeum vulgare and H. distichum) were determined by mouse-feeding and related to 1,000-kernel weight (KW), plumpness (seed size), hull, protein, lysine, starch, amylose and gross energy (GE) of the cultivars. The experimental design allowed paired comparisons to be made of D and DE between the hulled vs. hulless types, small vs. large-seeded, normal vs. high lysine, low vs. high amylose, and good vs. poor malting quality of the cultivars. The data obtained showed that KW, plumpness and lysine contents of barley had little effect on D and DE. Although four cultivar pairs (II, III, IV, and VIII) had variable starch composition, only in pair IV did high amylose content reduce D. The data appeared to suggest that good malting quality in barley is not incompatible with high D and DE as determined by mouse-feeding. The hull content of the cultivars had a major influence both on D and DE. The mean D and DE values for the six hulless cultivars were 85.7% and 3,918 kcal/kg compared with means of 79.2% and 3,627 kcal/kg for the 10 hulled cultivars.

THE EFFECT OF SWATHING AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF MATURITY ON THE MALTING QUALITY OF BARLEY

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Dew ◽  
V. M. Bendelow
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Malting Quality

Tests conducted at Lacombe, Alberta, indicate barley may be harvested at a stage of maturity indicated by a kernel moisture content of 35 per cent, without any significant effect on malting quality. The per cent heavy grade and 1000-kernel weight increased rapidly till approximately 40 per cent kernel moisture was reached and showed little change from there to maturity. Barley nitrogen and saacharifying activity increased slightly throughout the complete range. The per cent extract was not consistent, some tests showing a slight increase and some showing a slight decrease with approaching maturity.

EFFECT OF HARVEST TIME AND DRYING METHOD ON YIELD, QUALITY AND GRADE CHARACTERISTICS OF BARLEY IN NORTHWEST ALBERTA

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
J. V. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
W. G. LEGGE
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Phosphorous Content ◽  
Yield Quality

Field experiments with three barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars, Olli, Bonanza and Klages, were conducted for 3 yr at Beaverlodge, Alberta to determine the effect of harvest time and drying method on yield and quality. Plots were harvested at 5% kernel moisture content (KMC) intervals in the range of 45–15% and dried in the windrow or artificially dried. Yield, test weight, 1000-kernel weight, germination percent, protein content, phosphorous content and commercial grade were determined. Protein and phosphorous content were unaffected by the treatments. Windrowing at 40% KMC or less had little effect on yield or quality characteristics while threshing and artificially drying barley above 20% KMC reduced test weight and germination. Windrowing reduced yields of Olli and Klages barley by up to 19% compared to direct combining. Most treatments received feed grades, but the crop was most likely to meet Canada Western grades when windrowed at 30% KMC or less under favourable harvest conditions.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., kernel moisture content, yield, quality

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