DETERMINATION OF QUALITY PARAMETERS BY NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN WHOLE-PLANT CORN SILAGE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. VALDES ◽  
R. B. HUNTER ◽  
L. PINTER
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Percent Protein

The prediction of quality parameters by near infrared reflectance analysis (NIRA) in whole-plant corn (Zea mays L.) was studied. Quality parameters included percent protein and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). Calibrations were developed using two types of NIRA instruments: (a) a Neotec 51A, a six-tilting-filters type instrument and (b) a Technicon InfraAlyzer 400R, a 19-fixed-filters type instrument. Plant samples were collected from four locations across Ontario (Brucefield, London, Guelph and Elora). Forty samples were used in the calibration sets (C) for each quality parameter and for each instrument. A second group of samples, a prediction set (P) consisting of 200 samples, was used to validate the calibration equations. Regression analysis between NIRA predicted and IVDMD, indicated that this parameter was well predicted in both C and P sets and with the two instruments. Coefficients of determination (r2) for C and P sets were 0.91 and 0.85 for the InfraAlyzer 400R and 0.92, and 0.81 for the Neotec 51A, respectively. A standard error of the estimate (SEE) of 1.70 was observed for the prediction of IVDMD in both C and P sets with the InfraAlyzer 400R. Values of SEE for IVDMD using the Neotec 51A were 1.76 and 1.73 for C and P sets, respectively. NIRA predictions of percent protein showed differences between instruments. The r2 for C and P sets were 0.95 and 0.81 for the InfraAlyzer 400R and 0.90 and 0.58 for the Neotec 51A, respectively. The low r2 value for percent protein in the P set might be related to the mathematical treatment of the reflectance data chosen for the analysis. The SEE for the prediction of percent protein varied between 0.25 and 0.56.Key words: Corn (whole-plant), quality, infrared reflectance

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF NEAR INFRARED CALIBRATIONS FOR ESTIMATING IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY IN WHOLE-PLANT CORN HYBRIDS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 557-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. VALDES ◽  
R. B. HUNTER ◽  
G. E. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Whole Plant

A comparison of two near infrared (NIRA) calibrations (C1 and C2) for the prediction of in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDM) in whole-plant corn (WPC) was conducted. C1 consisted of 40 WPC samples collected from four locations across Ontario (Brucefield, London, Guelph and Elora). C2 consisted of 90 samples and included the above locations plus Pakenham and Winchester. Nine wavelengths were used in both equations but only three were common in C1 and C2 equations. These wavelengths were 2139 nm, 2100 nm, and 1445 nm, respectively. The predictions of IVDM utilizing both C1 and C2 were good. Coefficients of determination (r2) and standard error of the estimate (SEE) for calibration and prediction sets were 0.91, 1.7; 0.85, 1.7 for C1 and 0.88, 1.6; 0.77, 1.6 for C2 respectively. Regression analysis within location, however, showed low r2 values for the prediction of IVDM for Pakenham and Winchester in both calibrations. The more mature stage of harvest at these locations might be the cause of the poorer predictions. Key words: In vitro digestibility, whole-plant corn, near infrared reflectance

PREDICTING NITROGEN AND DIGESTIBILITY OF FORAGES USING NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE PHOTOMETRY

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. WINCH ◽  
HELEN MAJOR
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Percent Nitrogen

A Technicon Infra Alyzer 2.5, near infrared reflectance analyzer equipped with the six filters (1.68, 1.94, 2.10, 2.15, 2.23, 2.31 μm) which are used for the estimation of percent nitrogen, oil and moisture of grain crops was evaluated for the analyses of percent total nitrogen, in vitro and in vivo dry matter digestibility in grasses, legumes and grass-legume mixtures. Of the three quality parameters, only percent nitrogen was estimated with an acceptable degree of accuracy. The analyzer, therefore, has a potential for rapid nitrogen analysis of grasses, legumes and grass-legume mixtures. Correlation coefficients of 0.90 and above were obtained between infrared and Kjeldahl nitrogen when the nitrogen content of grasses or legume test samples was derived on either a grass or a legume calibration. A slight decrease in the standard error of prediction occurred when grass and legume calibrations were used to estimate nitrogen content of grass and legume samples, respectively. To insure accuracy, samples used to develop calibrations as well as those to be analyzed should be finely ground. In addition, the moisture content of the samples must be kept within the moisture range of the calibration.

EFFECT OF GROWING YEAR AND APPLICATION OF A MULTI-YEAR CALIBRATION FOR PREDICTING QUALITY PARAMETERS BY NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN WHOLE-PLANT CORN FORAGE

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. VALDES ◽  
G. E. JONES ◽  
G. J. HOEKSTRA
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Test Set ◽  
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Whole Plant

Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy analysis (NIRA) to predict quality parameters in whole-plant corn forage was investigated. Quality parameters studied included acid detergent fiber (ADF), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and crude protein (CP). Samples of whole-plant corn forage were collected during three growing years (1984, 1985, 1986) across six geographical locations in Ontario, Canada and were harvested at an average 35% dry matter content. Samples were randomly divided into two sets: a calibration (CAL) set to develop NIRA equations and a testing (TEST) set to validate these equations. NIRA calibrations for ADF, IVDMD and CP percent were performed for each growing season across locations. A multi-year calibration was also developed with samples drawn from the three growing years. The accuracy of the NIRA predictions was assessed by the standard error of the estimate (SEE), bias or the mean difference between laboratory and NIRA data, the coefficient of determination (r2) and the slope (b) of the regressions between laboratory and NIRA data. The single year calibrations showed good predictions for all quality parameters in samples drawn within the year. The SEE values in the TEST sets for single year calibrations varied from 1.6 to 1.9% for ADF, 1.5 to 2.3% for IVDMD and 0.3 to 0.5% for CP, respectively. However, recalibration was necessary every year because calibrations based on a single year failed to account for variances introduced by samples drawn from other years. The multi-year calibration predicted ADF, IVDMD and CP percent accurately regardless of year. The SEE and bias for ADF, IVDMD and CP percent for the TEST set were 1.6 and 0.1, 2.2 and 0.3, and 0.5 and 0.1, respectively. The success of the multi-year calibration encourage the possibility to develop a standard calibration for whole-plant corn.Key words: Near infrared reflectance analysis, calibrations, whole-plant corn forage, year, multi-year quality parameters

scholarly journals Analysis of the Acid Detergent Fibre Content in Turnip Greens and Turnip Tops (Brassica rapa L. Subsp. rapa) by Means of Near-Infrared Reflectance

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Obregón-Cano ◽  
Rafael Moreno-Rojas ◽  
Ana María Jurado-Millán ◽  
María Elena Cartea-González ◽  
Antonio De Haro-Bailón
Keyword(s):  
Standard Error ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Mathematical Treatment ◽  
Second Derivative ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
First Derivative ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Turnip Greens ◽  
Turnip Tops

Standard wet chemistry analytical techniques currently used to determine plant fibre constituents are costly, time-consuming and destructive. In this paper the potential of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to analyse the contents of acid detergent fibre (ADF) in turnip greens and turnip tops has been assessed. Three calibration equations were developed: in the equation without mathematical treatment the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.91, in the first-derivative treatment equation R2 = 0.95 and in the second-derivative treatment R2 = 0.96. The estimation accuracy was based on RPD (the ratio between the standard deviation and the standard error of validation) and RER (the ratio between the range of ADF of the validation as a whole and the standard error of prediction) of the external validation. RPD and RER values were of 2.75 and 9.00 for the treatment without derivative, 3.41 and 11.79 with first-derivative, and 3.10 and 11.03 with second-derivative. With the acid detergent residue spectrum the wavelengths were identified and associated with the ADF contained in the sample. The results showed a great potential of NIRS for predicting ADF content in turnip greens and turnip tops.

Broad-based calibrations of in vitro gas production of forages by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 234-237
Author(s):  
M. Herrero ◽  
N. S. Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Wide Range

There is increasing demand to obtain fast and accurate dynamic nutritional information from forages. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) offers the possibility for obtaining such information for a range of nutritional constituents of foods. Herrero et al. (1996 and 1997) calibrated in vitro gas production measurements of a single grass species by NIRS. There would be greater practical benefit if the gas production predictions could be obtained using calibrations derived from a wide range of plant species, since a single equation could be used for all forages. The objective of this study was to investigate if in vitro gas production measurements of a broad based sample population could be calibrated by NIRS.

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