EFFECT OF HARVEST TIME AND DRYING METHOD ON QUALITY AND GRADE OF WINTER RYE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-424
Author(s):  
J. G. McLEOD ◽  
J. M. CLARKE
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Test Mass ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Forced Air

Three winter rye (Secale cereale L.) cultivars, Cougar, Puma and Musketeer, were grown in a field experiment for 2 yr to determine the effects of kernel water concentration (KWC) at harvest time and drying method on final quality and grade of the grain. Plots were harvested when KWC was in the range of 950–100 g water kg−1 kernel dry weight. Grain was dried in windrows in the field and artificially in a forced-air oven at 40–45 °C. Kernel water concentration at harvest, test mass, kernel mass, falling number and germination were determined. Test mass increased as KWC at harvest decreased, especially in the artificially dried treatments. Kernel mass was lower when harvested at high KWC, especially in the windrowed treatments. Falling numbers were affected by harvest time and drying method, but trends were not clear. Germination was reduced by artificial drying at KWC greater than 430 g kg−1. Grades were not affected by windrowing at KWC up to 957 g kg−1. Artificial drying reduced commercial grades, especially at high KWC. The main degrading factors were presence of immature kernels and low test mass.Key words: Test mass, artifical drying, windrow, germination, falling number, harvest time

scholarly journals EFFECT OF HARVEST TIME AND DRYING METHOD ON QUALITY AND GRADE OF SPRING TRITICALE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-856
Author(s):  
JOHN M. CLARKE
Keyword(s):  
Water Concentration ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
X Triticosecale ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
X Triticosecale Wittmack

Two spring triticale (X-Triticosecale Wittmack) cultivars, Carman and Welsh, and one advanced-generation breeding line were grown under field conditions for 3 yr to study the effects of harvest time and drying method on quality and grade. Plots were harvested at six to seven intervals when kernel water concentration was in the 1000 to 100 g water per kilogram kernel dry weight range. Grain was dried in the field in simulated windrows or artificially dried in a forced-air oven at 40–45 °C. Test weight, 1000-kernel weight, falling number, germination, and commercial grade were determined. Test weight increased with decreasing kernel water concentration at harvest, particularly in the artificially dried treatment. Test weight was greater in the windrowed than in the artificially dried treatment, especially for harvests made at high water concentrations. Harvest at high kernel water concentrations tended to reduce 1000-kernel weight, more so in the windrowed than in the artificially dried treatment. Although falling numbers were influenced by harvest time and drying method, there were no clear trends. Germination was reduced in material cut at a kernel water concentration above 680 g∙kg−1 in 1 of 2 years. Grades were reduced by artificial drying of grain, particularly when harvested at high kernel water concentrations. Grades were unaffected by windrowing at kernel water concentrations of up to 1000 g∙kg−1.Key words: X-Triticosecale Wittmack, test weight, falling number, germination, windrow

AC Remington winter rye

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. McLeod ◽  
Y. T. Gan ◽  
J. F. Payne
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Lodging Resistance ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Hagberg Falling Number

AC Remington, a cultivar of winter rye (Secale cereale L.), was developed at the Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan. AC Remington is a semidwarf with 20 to 25% shorter straw and improved lodging resistance compared with tall cultivars. AC Remington has good winter survival and is well adapted to the Canadian Prairies. AC Remington has improved grain yield, test weight, kernel weight and Hagberg Falling Number compared with those of the semidwarf cultivar AC Rifle. Plant height, heading, maturity and ergot infection of AC Remington are similar to those of AC Rifle. Key words: Cultivar description, semidwarf, rye (winter), Hagberg Falling Number, Secale cereale L.

EFFECT OF KERNEL WATER CONCENTRATION AT HARVEST AND DRYING METHOD ON GRADES OF RED SPRING AND DURUM WHEATS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. CLARKE
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Separate Experiment ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Forced Air ◽  
Drying Test

Effects of kernel water concentration at harvest, and windrow compared to artificial drying, were determined in two red spring (Triticum aestivum L.) and three durum (T. turgidum L. var. durum) cultivars. Grain harvested at kernel water concentrations of 1000 to < 170 g water per kilogram kernel dry weight was dried in the field in simulated windrows or artificially in a forced-air oven (40–45 °C). Test weight and commercial grades were determined. Artificial drying of immature wheat reduced grades, primarily due to numbers of green kernels. Green kernel levels reduced grades of windrowed durum wheat in 1 of 3 years. In the absence of grade-limiting levels of green kernels, test weight limited grades of durum in 1 year, particularly in the windrowed treatment. In a separate experiment, percentages of green kernels were determined in field-scale windrowed and standing hard red spring and durum wheat crops. Levels of green kernels declined at similar rates in standing and windrowed crops. The kernel water concentration at which level of green kernels dropped to 0.75%, the maximum level tolerated in the top grades of hard red spring and durum wheat, was lower in dry years when maturity was forced than in moist years.Key words: Wheat (red spring), wheat (durum), windrowing, artificial drying, test weight

PRIMA WINTER RYE

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. McLEOD ◽  
D. S. McBEAN ◽  
J. F. PAYNE ◽  
S. R. BUZINSKI
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Test Mass ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Breeder Seed ◽  
Growing Conditions

Prima, a high yielding cultivar of winter rye (Secale cereale L.), was developed at the Research Station, Agriculture Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan and was licensed in July 1984. In addition to its high yielding potential, Prima has good winterhardiness, high kernel mass and test mass. It is rated medium both in maturity and resistance to lodging. Prima is well adapted to Western Canadian growing conditions. Breeder seed of Prima will be maintained at Regina Research Station, Agriculture Canada. Seed will be distributed through SeCan.Key words: Rye (winter), cultivar description

Cell Wall Deposits in Winter Rye Secale cereale L. 'Puma' during Cold Acclimation

1982 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 486-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Griffith ◽  
Gregory N. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Secale Cereale L

Relationship between extract viscosity and kernel size in winter rye

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Y. T. Gan ◽  
J. G. McLeod ◽  
G. J. Scoles ◽  
G. L. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Secale Cereale ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Kernel Width ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Efficient Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Rye (Secale cereale L.) grain with low extract viscosity (EV) and superior kernel characteristics is desired when used in diets of monogastric animals. Knowledge of the relationship between EV and kernel characteristics is needed to develop an efficient selection strategy for breeding cultivars that meet the two criteria. Grains of 11 open-pollinated population varieties/lines grown in 21 environments were studied to determine the relationship between EV and kernel weight (KWT) among genotypes and environmental effects. Grains of eight out of the eleven varieties/lines were screened into five kernel-size categories, <2.0, 2.0–2.4, 2.4–2.8, 2.8–3.2, >3.2 mm in kernel width, to determine the relationship between EV and kernel width within a genotype. EV was a linear function of KWT; high KWT is indicative of low EV. The degree of the relationship was affected by environment. For example, grains grown at Swift Current had a stronger relationship between EV and KWT than those from Lacombe (b = −1.67 vs. −0.31). For the grain from Swift Current, 60% of variability in EV was attributable to KWT, while for the grain from Lacombe only ≈ 20% of variability in EV was explainable by KWT. Among the various kernel-width categories within a genotype, 60 to 98% of variability in EV was attributable to kernel width, with some genotypes responding to a greater degree than others. In development of winter rye cultivars low in extract viscosity, breeders could combine kernel weight/width into the selection strategy to enhance the selection progress or use kernel weight/width as a reference in selection of extract viscosity trait. Key words: Pentosans, arabinoxylans, kernel weight, Secale cereale

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