EARLY GENERATION SELECTION FOR PROTEIN IN Glycine max × G. soja CROSSES

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. ERICKSON ◽  
W. D. BEVERSDORF ◽  
H. D. VOLDENG
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Family Selection ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Early Generation Selection ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection For

Early generation selection for high seed-protein content would be desirable in breeding programs attempting to combine high yield and high protein content in soybeans (Gycine max (L.) Merr.). The heritability of seed-protein content in the F2 and F3 was measured in four crosses and mass and family selection for protein were compared in the F3 of these crosses. Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc., a putative wild ancestor of the soybean, was the male parent in all crosses and selection intensity was at 10%. The heritability of protein in the F2, calculated by parent-offspring regression, was 27%. The broad-sense heritability of protein in F3 families grown over two locations in one season was 78%. Mean protein content for every selected population was greater (P ≤ 0.01) than the mean for the non-selected control population (45.3%). Mean protein contents of the F4 populations resulting from these selection methods were: mass selection in the F2 and F3, 48.0%; mass selection in the F3 following one generation of single seed descent, 48.8%; selection among F3 families, 47.6%; selection among and within F3 families, 47.5%. Either method of mass selection was superior to either method of family selection at the 0.01 level. Although early selection (mass or family) raised the mean protein content of a population, segregation continued to give rise to low-protein genotypes thereby requiring further selection.

EFFECT OF SELECTION FOR PROTEIN ON LENGTHS OF GROWTH STAGES IN Glycine max × Glycine soja CROSSES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. ERICKSON ◽  
W. D. BEVERSDORF
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection For

The effect of selection for high seed protein content on plant development in soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) was investigated by comparing the lengths of growth stages of four selected populations with those of a nonselected control. Each population, grown at two locations in one season, was a composite of four crosses between G. max and its putative wild ancestor, Glycine soja Sieb. and Zucc. The growth stages were planting to emergence, emergence to flowering and flowering to maturity. The length of each growth stage was measured in soybean development units (SDU) and in days. On average, populations selected for protein alone required more SDUs from planting to emergence and from emergence to flowering and fewer SDUs from flowering to maturity than did the control. The mean temperature in the stage from flowering to maturity was negatively correlated with protein content in all populations. The correlations ranged from −0.22* to −0.34**.

Genomic Selection for Yield and Seed Protein Content in Soybean: A Study of Breeding Program Data and Assessment of Prediction Accuracy

Crop Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 1325-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Duhnen ◽  
Amandine Gras ◽  
Simon Teyssèdre ◽  
Michel Romestant ◽  
Bruno Claustres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Prediction Accuracy ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Program Data

Effects of divergent selection for seed protein content in high-protein vs. food-grade populations of early maturity soybean

2013 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Sato ◽  
Melanie Van Schoote ◽  
Helmut Wagentristl ◽  
Johann Vollmann
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Selection For

scholarly journals Blanchability of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) kernels: early generation selection and genotype stability over three environments

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Cruickshank ◽  
J. W. Tonks ◽  
A. K. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Peanut Kernel ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Early Generation Selection ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Stability

Blanching is the removal of testa from peanut kernel by heating followed by abrasion. Blanchability is the capacity to recover kernels with all the testa removed. This study investigated the response to early generation selection for blanchability and the stability of 22 breeding lines over 3 environments.F2-derived families with 'good' and 'poor' blanchability were selected. BLUPs for F4:5 lines from F2 families were significantly correlated with the mean blanchability of F2:3 rows. The within-family variance was mostly in 3�of the poor blanching families. In all other families, variance among lines within families was smaller than the error variance. Early generation selection was effective.In the 22 lines × 3 site experiment, there was a high genetic correlation common to each pair of sites, suggesting that differences in blanchability are repeatable. The expression of genetic variation was much greater at Coominya, with a 5-fold greater genetic variance than at Walkamin. All 3 environments in this experiment were irrigated. Interaction may have been greater with the inclusion of rainfed environments.Parent selection could make an important contribution to breeding for improved blanchability. Environment may not substantially affect the rank of genotypes but may affect the capacity to detect differences.

Early generation selection in wheat. II. Grain quality

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Fischer ◽  
L O'Brien ◽  
KJ Quail
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Early Generation Selection ◽  
Selection For

In order to test early-generation selection for grain quality, random F1-derived progeny from a multiple convergent cross of 16 high-yielding bread wheats were grown in F3 generation, along with the parents, as spaced plants in a glasshouse under optimal conditions. Progeny lines were then advanced without selection to F7 when 58 random lines were sown with the parents in a replicated yield experiment at Griffith under irrigation and optimal management. Small-scale grain quality tests were performed on grain from the F3 plants, the F7 plots and the parents. The tests comprised particle size index (PSI), grain and flour protein content (GP, FP), sodium dodecyl sulfate sedimentation volume (SDS), Pelshenke wheatmeal fermentation time (PEL) and flour milling yield (MY).There were significant genotypic effects for all quality traits in each generation. Phenotypic correlations in F3 and in F7 showed positive correlations between protein content and SDS and PEL, and in F7 a strong negative correlation between grain yield and grain quality (GP, FP, SDS, PEL). Across generations (F3 versus F7), the relationship was strong for PSI, moderate for SDS and PEL, but nonsignificant for the other traits.The realized heritability was high for PSI (77%), moderate for SDS (44%) and PEL (47%), but low (18-24%) in the other cases. Selection at an intensity of 26% for the first three mentioned traits did not significantly change grain yield, plant height or flowering date, although for GP and FP it did lower grain yield by 7%. Desirable quality types were defined within the three hardness (PSI) classes, namely, hard, intermediate, and soft (gluten type not biscuit type). Retrospective selection in F3 for desirable types significantly and markedly increased the frequency of desirable types in each class by three- to eight-fold. It is concluded that in wheat early generation selection for PSI, SDS and PEL, even when practised upon glasshouse-grown plants, gives useful progress without prejudicing grain yield.

Identification of quantitative trait loci associated with soybean seed protein content using two populations derived from crosses between Glycine max and Glycine soja

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (S1) ◽  
pp. S104-S108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Yan ◽  
Li-Li Xing ◽  
Chun-Yan Yang ◽  
Ru-Zhen Chang ◽  
Meng-Chen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Two Populations

Seed protein content is one of the most important traits controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in soybean. In this study, a Glycine soja accession (ZYD2738) was crossed with two elite cultivars Jidou 12 and Jidou 9 separately and subsequently the resulting F2:3 populations were used to identify QTLs associated with seed protein content. Protein contents in either population appeared to have a normal distribution with transgressive segregation. A total of five QTLs associated with high protein content were identified and mapped to chromosomes 2, 6, 13, 18 and 20, respectively. Of these QTLs, three (qPRO_2_1, qPRO_13_1 and qPRO_20_1) were identified in the same region in both the populations, whereas the other two (qPRO_6_1 and qPRO_18_1) were mapped in two different regions. qPRO_2_1 appears to be a novel protein QTL. qPRO_6_1, qPRO_18_1 and qPRO_20_1 had additive effects on seed protein content, while qPRO_13_1 had an over-dominant effect on seed protein content. These QTLs and their linked markers could serve as effective tools for marker-assisted selection to increase seed protein content.

The effect on yield distribution of early generation selection for quality

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
L O'Brien ◽  
JA Ronalds
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Yield Distribution ◽  
Early Generation Selection ◽  
Flour Protein ◽  
Independent Culling ◽  
Selection For

In simulation of a wheat-breeding situation, random F3 lines derived from seven wheat crosses were quality tested, and decisions to retain or discard them were made on the individual test results for flourmilling extraction, flour protein content and four separate measures of protein quality. Decisions were also made using regimes of tests that selected entries for high flour extraction and their balance of grain hardness, protein content and quality optimum for different wheat end-uses (bread, cakes, pastries, etc.). In the F4 generation all entries were grown in replicated yield trials. The effect of early generation selection for quality on the subsequent yield distribution was assessed by comparing the F4 yield distributions of the entire population with those for the designated quality test. Independent culling for flour-milling extraction and protein quality did not alter the nature of the subsequent yield distributions. However, independent culling in the F3 for flour protein content resulted in the loss of more lines of above average yield than below average yield in the F4 generation. Furthermore, the significant negative correlation between F3 flour protein content and F4 grain yield indicates that overemphasis on selection for high protein content would reduce the rate of yield improvement in the following generation. Application of the early generation testing regimes resulted in up to 66% of the lines being classified as having undesirable quality without the nature of the subsequent yield distribution being affected. The results of this study have application to the planning of wheat-breeding programmes that aim to produce high-yielding, good-quality wheats.

scholarly journals Modeling the Competitive Effect of Euphorbia dracunculoides and Astragalus sp. in Zero Input Rainfed Chickpea

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. IKRAM ◽  
A. TANVEER ◽  
R. MAQBOOL ◽  
M.A. NADEEN
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Seed Protein Content ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Crop Competition ◽  
Weed Removal

ABSTRACT: Brown chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the two chickpea types grown in Pakistan and other countries. The critical period for weed removal in a rainfed chickpea system is an important consideration in devising weed management strategies. Field experiments were conducted in the winter season of 2011 and 2012 to determine the extent of yield loss with different periods of weed crop competition. Seven weed crop competition periods (0, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 160 days after sowing - DAS) were used to identify the critical period for weed removal in rainfed chickpea. Experimental plots were naturally infested with Euphorbia dracunculoides and Astragalus sp. in both years. Individual, composite density and dry weights of E. dracunculoides and Astragalussp. increased significantly with an increase in the competition period. However, yield and yield-contributing traits of chickpea significantly decreased with an increase in the competition period. Chickpea seed yield loss was 11-53% in different weed crop competition periods. Euphorbia dracunculoides and Astragalus sp. removed 39.9 and 36.9 kg ha-1 of N, 9.61 and 7.27 kg ha-1 of P and 38.3 and 36.9 kg ha-1 of K, respectively. Season long weed competition (160 days after sowing) resulted in 19.5% seed protein content compared with 24.5% seed protein content in weed-free chickpea. A Logistic equation was fitted to yield data in response to increasing periods of weed crop competition. The critical timing of weed removal at 5 and 10% acceptable yield losses were 26 and 39 DAS, respectively. The observed critical period suggests that in rainfed chickpea, a carefully timed weed removal could prevent grain yield losses.

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