SELECTION FOR DRY MATTER YIELD IN LOLIUM PERENNE L. I. DIRECT RESPONSE TO SELECTION

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. CECCARELLI ◽  
M. FALCINELLI ◽  
F. DAMIANI
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Realized Heritability ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Efficient Selection

Selection for high and low dry matter yield within an ecotype of Lolium perenne L. was effective in producing two highly differentiated populations. The evaluation of the materials obtained after three cycles of selection snowed a realized heritability of 0.13 and a symmetrical response in the two directions of selection. The difference between populations selected in opposite directions was 448.9 mg/plant and was significant from early stages of development. After four cycles of selection, realized heritability was 0.10. The low heritability estimate suggested that more efficient selection criteria for the improvement of forage yield are needed.

SELECTION FOR DRY MATTER YIELD IN LOLIUM PERENNE L. II. CORRELATED RESPONSES UNDER TWO CUTTING REGIMES

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. CECCARELLI ◽  
M. FALCINELLI ◽  
F. DAMIANI
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Correlated Responses ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Cutting Regimes ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Rate Of Leaf Appearance

The correlated responses to divergent selection for dry matter yield within an ecotype of Lolium perenne L. were evaluated in two experiments under different cutting regimes. Both experiments showed that selection for dry matter yield did not affect leaf size and caused asymmetrical correlated responses on the rate of tiller production and the rate of leaf appearance. Selection for high dry matter yield resulted in an increased rate of tiller production without change in the rate of leaf appearance. Selection for low dry matter yield did reduce both the rate of leaf appearance and the rate of tiller production.

Studies on the agronomy, genetics and interrelationships of yield and its morphological components in a diallel set of families of Lolium perenne L.

1973 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Thomson ◽  
A. J. Wright ◽  
H. H. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Applied Nitrogen

SummaryFive selected clones of Lolium perenne were selfed and diallel crossed without reciprocals to produce 15 families. These families were grown in a replicated field trial for 2 years at four rates of applied nitrogen – 0, 225, 450 and 675 kg N/ha – per annum. The data recorded included dry-matter yield, number of fertile and sterile tillers per plant, mean dry weight per fertile and sterile tiller and total dry weights of fertile and sterile tillers. Conventional analyses of variance and diallel analyses were applied to the data as well as path analyses, used to examine the interrelationships between yield and the tiller characters.The main effect of years was significant only for mean dry weights per tiller and dry-matter yield. Increasing the rate of applied nitrogen increased the number of tillers and yields but decreased mean tiller dry weights. Differences between progenies were due to both general and specific combining ability for most characters. Relatively high narrow-sense heritabilities were obtained for the tiller characters although there were differences between the two years.The progenies achieved their yield through different combinations of tiller characters, some having large numbers of fertile tillers with medium dry weights and others having numerous sterile tillers with high dry weights. Although there was inconsistency in the interrelationships between characters, number of tillers was always more important in determining yield than mean dry weight per tiller.The results are discussed in relation to the predictive value of tiller characters on yields and the implications for breeding programmes.

EFFECTS OF SELECTION FOR FOLIAGE COLOR ON THE SEED AND FORAGE YIELD OF ALTAI WILD RYEGRASS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1003-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. LAWRENCE ◽  
C.D. RATZLAFF
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Progeny Test ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Fourth Cycle ◽  
Selection For

Selection for green, blue and bluegreen foliage color in Altai wild ryegrass [Leymus angustus (Trin.) Pilger], an autoalloploid species with 2n = 84, through six cycles of selection resulted in three divergent populations. The blue and green foliage populations were breeding true for foliage color by the fourth cycle of selection. Results from a seeded progeny test indicated a significant positive relationship between blue foliage color and increased seed yield and between blue foliage color and increased dry matter yield in years of relatively good moisture. Conversely, the green foliage color was negatively associated with both seed yield and dry matter yield. It is suggested that selection for blue foliage color would be useful in breeding higher seed and dry matter yielding strains and that ignoring foliage color would be preferable to selection for green foliage color.Key words: Foliage color, Leymus angustus, selection, seed yield, dry matter yield, ryegrass (wild)

EVALUATION OF ALFALFA CULTIVARS FOR REACTION TO CROWN AND ROOT ROT

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. MICHAUD ◽  
C. RICHARD
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crown And Root Rot ◽  
Disease Free

Fourteen alfalfa cultivars were grown for 2 yr at three locations and evaluated for forage dry matter yield and crown and root rot. Significant differences were found among cultivars for dry matter yield. All cultivars were affected by crown and root rot, most cultivars showing between 20 and 30% of infected tissues. Differences were observed among as well as within the cultivars for disease severity. The frequency of disease-free plants was less than 1.3% of the plants evaluated. Correlation between root rot index and forage yield was −0.87 [Formula: see text] when data were pooled over years and locations.Key words: Lucerne, root rot, cultivar, yield

Influence of irrigation intervals on dry matter yield, concentration of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus in Lablab purpureus and Sorghum almum fodder in the sudan savanna zone of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
I.R. Muhammad ◽  
B. Abdullahi ◽  
A.K. Mohammed ◽  
R.J Tanko ◽  
M.S. Kallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Mean Concentration

Irrigation trials were conducted in the late dry season (March to June) with Lublab (Lablab purpureus) and Columbus grass (Sorghum almum) in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. The objective of this study was to determine the dry matter yield (IDM/ha), crude protein (CP), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus(P) in dual-purpose lablab bean and Sorghum almum at 3 irrigation schedules (5, 7 and 10 days irrigation interval). The results obtained showed dry matter yield in lablab increased (P<0.05) and varied from 1.7 to 11.7 IDM/ha. Calcium and P concentrations differed significantly (P<0.05). Mean CP for the lablab was 15.57%. Dry matter yield obtained for Sorghum almum varied (P<0.05) from 11.07 to 19.6 tDM/ha. Concentration of CP and Ca rose and declined thereafter with a mean concentration of 9.86% for CP und 0.08% for Ca while P declined consistently (P<0.05). Intervals of irrigation days had a relationship (P<0.05) with DM/ha, Ca and P in lablab. The increasing trend in foruye yield with increased irrigation interval showed optimum irrigation interval was not attained. It is therefore recommended that longer irrigation intervals be tried to determine the optimum irrigation interval after which forage yield would be depressed due to moisture stress. From the results of the present study Sorghum almum and lablab would be grown successfully at a 10-day irrigation interval. 

Low rates of phosphorus fertiliser applied strategically throughout the growing season under rain-fed conditions did not affect dry matter production of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Burkitt ◽  
D. J. Donaghy ◽  
P. J. Smethurst
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Extractable P ◽  
Intensively Managed

Pasture is the cheapest source of feed for dairy cows, therefore, dairy pastures in Australia are intensively managed to maximise milk production and profits. Although soil testing commonly suggests that soils used for dairy pasture production have adequate supplies of phosphorus (P), many Australian dairy farmers still apply fertiliser P, often by applying smaller rates more frequently throughout the year. This study was designed to test the hypotheses that more frequent, but lower rates of P fertiliser applied strategically throughout the growing season have no effect on dry matter production and P concentration in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), when soil extractable P concentrations are above the critical value reported in the literature. Three field sites were established on rain-fed dairy pasture soils ranging in P sorption capacity and with adequate soil P concentrations for maximising pasture production. Results showed that applied P fertiliser had no effect on pasture production across the 3 sites (P > 0.05), regardless of rate or the season in which the P was applied, confirming that no P fertiliser is required when soil extractable P concentrations are adequate. This finding challenges the viability of the current industry practice. In addition, applying P fertiliser as a single annual application in summer did not compromise pasture production at any of the 3 sites (P > 0.05), which supports the current environmental recommendations of applying P during drier conditions, when the risk of surface P runoff is generally lower. The current results also demonstrate that the short-term cessation of P fertiliser application may be a viable management option, as a minimal reduction in pasture production was measured over the experimental period.

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