UNIPARENTAL INHERITANCE OF CHLOROPLAST ATRAZINE TOLERANCE IN BRASSICA CAMPESTRIS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 977-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. SOUZA MACHADO ◽  
J. D. BANDEEN ◽  
G. R. STEPHENSON ◽  
P. LAVIGNE
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Uniparental Inheritance ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Reciprocal Difference

Reciprocal difference for chloroplast atrazine tolerance in F1 reciprocal crosses of Brassica campestris L. weed biotypes indicated uniparental inheritance through the female parent. Atrazine tolerance at the chloroplast level and the inheritance of chloroplast components are discussed.

UNIPARENTAL INHERITANCE OF ATRAZINE RESISTANCE IN CHENOPODIUM ALBUM

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 751-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I. WARWICK ◽  
L. BLACK
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Uniparental Inheritance ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Atrazine Resistance

Reciprocal crosses conducted on atrazine resistant and susceptible biotypes of Chenopodium album L. indicated uniparental inheritance through the female parent for F1 progeny.

Genetic Analysis of Chloroplast Atrazine Resistance in Brassica campestris – Cytoplasmic Inheritance

Weed Science ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Souza Machado ◽  
J. D. Bandeen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Cytoplasmic Inheritance ◽  
Hill Reaction ◽  
Triazine Resistance ◽  
Atrazine Resistance ◽  
The Hill

Analysis of reciprocal F1, F2, F3, and backcross progeny from crosses between atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine]-resistant and several susceptible genotypes of Brassica campestris L. indicated that triazine resistance was inherited cytoplasmically from the female parent. A partially dominant chlorotic cotyledon was used as a genetic marker to confirm true hybrids in the reciprocal F1 progenies. Phytotoxicity of atrazine was correlated with loss of the Hill reaction.

Genetics of Mother-Dependent Sex Ratio in Blue Mussels (Mytilus spp.) and Implications for Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of Mitochondrial DNA

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
pp. 1579-1588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Kenchington ◽  
Barry MacDonald ◽  
Liqin Cao ◽  
Defkalion Tsagkarakis ◽  
Eleftherios Zouros
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Uniparental Inheritance ◽  
Doubly Uniparental Inheritance ◽  
Ratio Bias ◽  
Sex Ratio Bias ◽  
Mitochondrial Genotype ◽  
Ratio Determination

Abstract Previous studies have shown that in most pair matings of Mytilus edulis, M. trossulus, and M. galloprovincialis there is a large sex-ratio bias in favor of either males or females. The degree of bias is a characteristic property of the female parent, as matings of the same female with different males produce the same sex ratio, but matings of the same male with different females produce different sex ratios. All three species possess the unusual feature of doubly uniparental inheritance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA); i.e., they contain two distinct types of mtDNA, one that is transmitted matrilinearly and one that is transmitted patrilinearly. This coupling of sex and mtDNA transmission raises the possibility that the mechanism of sex-ratio determination in mussels might be under the control of the mtDNA of the female parent. Here we present data from pedigreed crosses that confirm the previous observations that in mussel matings there is a strong sex-ratio bias and that the bias is under the control of the female parent. In addition, these data strongly suggest that this control is exercised by the mother's nuclear rather than mitochondrial genotype. Making use of these findings we develop a model of mother-dependent sex determination and use data from crosses involving wild females to test the model's predictions at the population level.

scholarly journals Obtaining interspecific hybrids, and molecular analysis by microsatellite markers in grapevine

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 1480-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariane Ruzza Schuck ◽  
Luiz Antonio Biasi ◽  
Ada Michele Mariano ◽  
Bernardo Lipski ◽  
Summaira Riaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Vitis Labruscana ◽  
Muscadinia Rotundifolia

The objective of this work was to assess the potential of interspecific hybridization of Vitis labruscana and Muscadinia rotundifolia by using artificial cross-pollinations. Microsatellite markers were used to confirm interspecific hybridizations and the identity of the parental genotypes. In crosses in which M. rotundifolia was used as the female parent, no true hybrids were obtained. In the reciprocal crosses, 114 seedlings were identified as true V. labruscana x M. rotundifolia hybrids. Self pollination occurred in direct and in reciprocal crosses. The crossings between 'Bordo' x 'Carlos', 'Magnolia', 'Regale' and' Roanoke', and between' Isabel' x 'Bountiful', 'Carlos', 'Magnolia', 'Regale' and 'Roanoke' were confirmed. The 15 markers evaluated showed that two M. rotundifolia parental genotypes had the same fingerprint profile, indicating a like lyplanting error. The success of hybridization depends mainly on the species and on the cultivar used as the female parent. Microsatellite markers are efficient to confirm the paternity of interspecific F1 hybrids and to determine the correct identity of M. rotundifolia cultivars.

scholarly journals Changes in recombination and genetic disturbance on transferring the H2Lc2 linkage group from Gossypium tomentosum to G. barbadense and G. hirsutum

1969 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Group ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Pure Species ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Linkage Region ◽  
Selective Elimination ◽  
Gossypium Tomentosum ◽  
Different Order ◽  
Donor Gene

The H2Lc2 linkage region from G. tomentosum was transferred through seven successive backcrosses to G. barbadense and G. hirsutum race punctatum in which these species were used as bulk female recurrent parents. In the last backcross, BC 7, reciprocal crosses were also made. Recombination values diminished with progressive backcrossing. Other workers have shown that values of the order of 20·0% within the pure species were to be expected. In BC 7 joint estimates for punctatum were 0·9% and 0·0% as female and male respectively; the corresponding estimates for barbadense were 5·0% and 20·1%.Selective elimination of the donor gene H2 on transference to punctatum was observed in all backcrosses, causing disturbance to the expected 1:1 backcross ratio. Disturbance of a different order was recorded for the segment H2Lc2 transferred to barbadense. When the heterozygote H2Lc2/h2Lc2 was male and barbadense (h2lc2/h2lc2) female 50% of the H2Lc2 gametes were lost and a 1:2 backcross ratio was observed instead of the expected 1:1. The 1:1 ratio was restored when the heterozygote was the female parent. The lethal interaction of the H2Lc2tomentosum segment with an inhibitor IB from barbadense was postulated.Differences in the reaction of the genotypes of G. barbadense and G. hirsutum race punctatum to the introgression of H2Lc2 from G. tomentosum were discussed in terms of evolutionary divergence of the species.

scholarly journals In vitro cloning potential and phytochemical evaluations of aneuploid individuals produced from reciprocal crosses between diploid and triploid in Echinacea purpurea L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingling Li ◽  
Weizhen Jiang ◽  
Yi Ren ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Xinglian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Echinacea Purpurea ◽  
Adventitious Bud ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Cichoric Acid ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses

Aneuploidy often presents large variations in morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and genetics owing to karyotypic imbalance. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of aneuploid breeding in <em>Echinacea purpurea</em> L, an important medicinal plant. Reciprocal crosses between diploid and triploid plants were performed to generate aneuploid plants. Cross with triploid as female parent resulted in increased production of aneuploid individuals (19 of 23; 82.61%), while using diploid as female parent yielded much higher percentage of diploid progenies (130 of 133; 97.74%). Each aneuploid had particular karyotypic characteristics compared to the parents. The proportions of median, submedian, and subterminal centromere location chromosomes in gross chromosomes among aneuploids and two parents showed large variations. Although aneuploids had relatively lower adventitious bud regeneration rates than their parents, almost half of them looked morphologically normal, with high survival rates when transplanted to ex vitro conditions. Among the bioactive compounds assessed, cichoric acid and chlorogenic acid contents were extremely encouraging. Most aneuploids had higher cichoric acid and chlorogenic acid contents than their parents. For example, A2 had the highest cichoric acid content of 21.98 mg/g dry weight, more than twice the values of diploid and triploid. Meanwhile, A21 had the highest chlorogenic acid content of 1.84 mg/g, approximately five times more than the parental values. Eleven superior aneuploid lines were successfully screened as breeding candidates. The present findings indicated <em>E. purpurea</em> is highly tolerant of karyotypic imbalance and aneuploid plants could serve as prospective breeding resources in <em>E. purpurea</em>.

Interspecific Hybrids between Tea (Camellia sinensis) and Wilson's Camellia (C. irrawadiensis) I. Morphology and Cytology of F1 Hybrids

1975 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Bezbaruah
Keyword(s):  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
High Pollen ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Regular Meiosis

SUMMARYCrosses were made between tea (Camellia sinensis L.) and Wilson's camellia (C. irrawadiensis Barua), using tea as the female parent, but reciprocal crosses were not successful. The F1 hybrids were intermediate in morphological and anatomical characters between the parents. Regular meiosis and high pollen fertility in the hybrids clearly indicate a close relationship between the parental genomes.

Reproductive Efficiency in Reciprocal Crosses of Arachis monticola with A. hypogaea Subspecies1

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Pattee ◽  
H. T. Stalker ◽  
F. G. Giesbrecht
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Ploidy Level ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Embryo Abortion ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Cultivated Peanut

Abstract Wild species of Arachis encompass a large number of species which can provide valuable genetic resources for improving A. hypogaea L., the domesticated peanut. Arachis monticola Krapov. and Rig. is the only species which is both cross compatible with A. hypogaea and at the same ploidy level. An evaluation of reproductive efficiency in crosses between A. hypogaea and A. monticola was conducted to better understand the potential for utilization of this germplasm. This study documents the reproductive efficiency of A. monticola in reciprocal crosses with A. hypogaea subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea cvs. Florunner and NC 6; A. hypogaea subsp. fastigiata var. vulgaris cv. Argentine; and A. hypogaea subsp. fastigiata var. fastigiata cv. New Mexico Valencia C by using selfs as controls. A significant maternal effect was observed among selfs and hybrids for timing of fertilization. Selfs of Florunner and New Mexico Valencia C initiated fertilization by 1 d after pollination, whereas syngamy did not occur in selfs of NC 6, Argentine or A. monticola until after day 1. Fertilization approached 100% in A. monticola and A. hypogaea genotypes except for New Mexico Valencia C, which only had 70% of the eggs fertilized. Embryo abortion was observed in both selfs and interspecific hybrids, with the highest rates in selfs after the pegs entered the soil; but in hybrids abortion also occurred as the peg elongated. Crosses were generally more successful when A. hypogaea was the female parent, and developing cultivars with A. monticola cytoplasm will be difficult. Sixty to more than 90% of growing ovules aborted in different interspecific crosses. Arachis monticola selfs and hybrids most closely followed the pattern of reproductive development of A. hypogaea cv. Argentine, which lends support to the theory that A. monticola is a weedy derivative of the cultivated peanut.

Reproductive Efficiency in Reciprocal Crosses of Arachis duranensis and A. stenosperma with A. hypogaea cv. NC 61

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold E. Pattee ◽  
H. Thomas Stalker
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Genetic Incompatibility ◽  
Parental Effect ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Arachis Duranensis ◽  
Wild Diploid Species

Abstract The wild species germplasm resources of Arachis are potentially valuable for improving disease and insect resistance in A. hypogaea L. Improving cultivars through interspecific hybridization is restricted because of reproductive barriers and/or genetic incompatibility with many Arachis spp. A description of reproductive efficiency in reciprocal crosses between wild and cultivated Arachis species is needed to clarify potentials for germplasm utilization. This study documents reproductive efficiency using the diploid species A. duranensis (K 7988) and A. stenosperma (HLK 410) in reciprocal crosses with A. hypogaea cv. NC 6. A significant parental effect was observed among crosses and NC 6 was more successful when used as the female parent. Differences in total reproductive efficiency were not observed between the two wild diploid species. However, when A. duranensis was used as a female parent embryos aborted at a high frequency. In contrast, the reduced efficiency observed with A. stenosperma was due to lower fertilization. As attempts are made to utilize the genetic resources of Arachis, different approaches will be needed to overcome reproductive barriers which restrict introgression of potentially desirable traits.

scholarly journals Male-Dependent Doubly Uniparental Inheritance of Mitochondrial DNA and Female-Dependent Sex-Ratio in the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 1073-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Saavedra ◽  
María-Isabel Reyero ◽  
Eleftherios Zouros
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Mytilus Galloprovincialis ◽  
Germ Line ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Female Gonad ◽  
Uniparental Inheritance ◽  
Male Gonad ◽  
Doubly Uniparental Inheritance ◽  
Male Progeny

We have investigated sex ratio and mitochondrial DNA inheritance in pair-matings involving five female and five male individuals of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. The percentage of male progeny varied widely among families and was found to be a characteristic of the female parent and independent of the male to which it was mated. Thus sex-ratio in Mytilus appears to be independent of the nuclear genotype of the sperm. With a few exceptions, doubly uniparental inheritance (DUI) of mtDNA was observed in all families fathered by four of the five males: female and male progeny contained the mother's mtDNA (the F genome), but males contained also the father's paternal mtDNA (the M genome). Two hermaphrodite individuals found among the progeny of these crosses contained the F mitochondrial genome in the female gonad and both the F and M genomes in the male gonad. All four families fathered by the fifth male showed the standard maternal inheritance (SMI) of animal mtDNA: both female and male progeny contained only the maternal mtDNA. These observations illustrate the intimate linkage between sex and mtDNA inheritance in species with DUI and suggest different major roles for each gender. We propose a model according to which development of a male gonad requires the presence in the early germ cells of an agent associated with sperm-derived mitochondria, these mitochondria are endowed with a paternally encoded replicative advantage through which they overcome their original minority in the fertilized egg and this advantage (and, therefore, the chance of an early entrance into the germ line) is countered by a maternally encoded egg factor.

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