DIFFERENTIAL YIELD RESPONSE OF TEN BARLEY CULTIVARS TO COMMON ROOT ROT

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. PIENING
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Common Root Rot

not available

EFFECTS OF SEED SPACING ON COMMON ROOT ROT OF SOME BARLEY CULTIVARS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. PIENING
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Economic Method ◽  
Seed Spacing ◽  
Interplant Competition ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The effect of varying interplant competition on common root rot and yield was examined in barley over a 4-yr period. One experiment studied the effects of thinning. Other tests with a constant level of interplant competition examined the effects of interplanted root-rot-resistant barley or oat cultivars on the root rot reaction and yield of susceptible barley cultivars. Increasing interplant spacing by thinning reduced root rot significantly in Gateway and Bonanza barley in 1 out of 4 years, but yield was increased significantly only in Gateway in 2 out of 4 years. Yield reduction due to root rot was significantly less in 1 out of 2 years when the distance between Gateway plants was increased due to the interplanting of oats. The lack of a consistent reduction in root rot or yield loss by reducing plant competition or interplanting with moderately resistant barley or oats precludes use of lower seeding rates or mixed crops as an economic method of reducing root rot.Key words: Interplant competition, common root rot, barley

scholarly journals Diverse responses of old, modern and landraces of Syrian wheat genotypes to common root rot under field conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
M.I.E. Arabi ◽  
E. Al-Shehadah ◽  
M. Jawhar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Abstract The yield response of widely grown cultivars and landraces of Syrian wheat challenged with common root rot (CRR: Cochliobolus sativus) was measured by comparing plots with and without artificial inoculation under experimental conditions in two consecutive seasons. The results showed that response to CRR differed depending on the susceptibility levels of the wheat cultivars, and that the disease significantly (P<0.05) reduced grain yield, number of tillers and kernel weight. The diseased plants had fewer tillers which consequently reduced grain yield per plant. Yield losses of Triticum durum cultivars were higher than those of Triticum aestivum. In addition, the T. durum landrace Horani exhibited the best level of resistance to the disease, which indicates that this landrace might be a candidate donor for resistance in future breeding programmes. As CRR can dramatically reduce wheat grain yields under favorable conditions, management practices that reduce disease severity are highly recommended.

EFFECT OF POTASSIUM CHLORIDE FERTILIZATION ON TWO BARLEY CULTIVARS DIFFERING IN COMMON ROOT ROT REACTION

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. GOOS ◽  
B. E. JOHNSON ◽  
B. M. HOLMES
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations

The effects of potassium chloride (KCl) fertilization on common root rot severity (CRR, incited primarily by Cochliobulus sativus), chemical composition of plant tissue, and the grain yield of two barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L.) were studied at three locations in northern North Dakota in 1984. KCl was applied at 0, 46 and 188 kg KCl ha−1. Barley cultivars sown were Morex and Azure, with the former being the more susceptible to CRR at all sites. All sites tested ’’high’’ in available soil potassium (greater than 500 kg ha−1). Fertilization with KCl significantly reduced CRR severity of both cultivars at all sites. KCl fertilization dramatically decreased nitrate concentrations and increased chloride concentrations in the plant tissues of both cultivars. Morex accumulated more tissue nitrate than Azure at all levels of KCl fertilization. Thus, increased nitrate concentrations of the plant tissue were correlated with increased CRR severity on both cultivars. Grain yields were significantly increased by KCl fertilization at one site. Increased residual soil chloride was present after harvest at those plots receiving the high rate of KCl. The role of plant nitrate in CRR severity deserves more attention.Key words: Root rot (common), barley, fertilization (chloride), chloride-nitrate interaction, Cochliobulus sativus, Hordeum vulgare L.

Effect of common root rot (Cochliobolus sativus) on yields of barley under experimental conditions in northern Syria

1997 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. G. van Leur ◽  
M. Z. Alamdar ◽  
S. Khawatmi
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
The Impact

The impact of Cochliobolus sativus on grain yield of different barley cultivars was studied for 3 seasons in northern Syria by comparing plots with and without artificial inoculation. Distributing oat kernels infested with C. sativus next to barley seed and inoculating seed with C. sativus conidia in a peat carrier resulted in an increase in common root rot symptoms on the subcrown internode. Subcrown internodes were shorter in inoculated than uninoculated plots. The effect of inoculation differed greatly among cultivars and years. Highest losses from the common root rot occurred under dry growing conditions, whereas a significant yield increase was noted on 2 susceptible lines grown under adequate moisture. As common root rot can reduce barley yield in unfavourable environments, the disease should be considered by crop improvement programs aimed at low-rainfall zones in Mediterranean environments.

Histology of Cochliobolus sativus infection in subcrown internodes of wheat and barley

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1344-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Huang ◽  
R. D. Tinline
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cells ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Stomatal Guard Cells ◽  
Infection Cushions

Histological study of the infection process of Cochliobolus sativus in subcrown internodes of postseedling plants failed to disclose differences in wheat and barley cultivars that differed markedly in resistance to common root rot in the field. Appressoria and infection cushions were formed on the host surface before penetration. The dome-shaped infection cushions consisted of short-celled hyphae surrounded by long-celled running hyphae. Penetration occurred by fine infection pegs produced from appressoria or the short-celled hyphae in the infection cushions. A lignituber occurred beneath each penetration site. The fungus penetrated wheat or barley subcrown internodes via various epidermal cells, including hair cells, stomatal guard cells, and the rectangular cells. Infection proceeded from the epidermis to the cortex and endodermis, resulting in breakdown of these tissues. Sometimes the stele also was invaded and vascular tissues were occluded. Three morphologically different hyphae, namely fine aseptate infection hyphae, long-celled running hyphae, and coarse, short-celled hyphae, were observed. Dark-stained objects, directly or indirectly associated with the fungus, frequently were found in infected tissues.

YIELD LOSSES IN WHEAT AND BARLEY CULTIVARS FROM COMMON ROOT ROT IN FIELD TESTS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. TINLINE ◽  
R. J. LEDINGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Disease Reaction ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Highly Correlated

Intensity of and losses from common root rot in wheat and barley cultivars in field tests were estimated. Disease intensity was based upon the severity and prevalence of lesions on the subcrown internodes of plants. Losses were calculated relative to the potential yield of clean plants. Disease intensities and losses usually were highly correlated in wheat; the most resistant cultivars incurred the lowest losses. In barley the association was variable; some of the cultivars intermediate in disease reaction frequently showed the least reductions in yield. Differences in tolerance may account for these results. The frequent lack of a correlation between grain yield and disease is discussed.

Generation and Characterization ofPgPGIP1Transgenic Wheat Plants with Enhanced Resistance to Take-all and Common Root Rot

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Hua YANG ◽  
Jin-Feng WANG ◽  
Li-Pu DU ◽  
Hui-Jun XU ◽  
Xue-Ning WEI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Enhanced Resistance ◽  
Take All

Expression ofBvGLP1in Transgenic Wheat Enhances Resistance to Common Root Rot

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 368
Author(s):  
Liang DANG ◽  
Zhen-Qi SU ◽  
Xing-Guo YE ◽  
Hui-Jun XU ◽  
Zhao LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Transgenic Wheat ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot

The epidemiology of common root rot in Manitou wheat: disease progression during the growing season

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1757-1764 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Verma ◽  
R. A. A. Morrall ◽  
R. D. Tinline
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Cochliobolus Sativus ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Common Root ◽  
Common Root Rot ◽  
Disease Rating

Common root rot in Triticum aestivum cultivar Manitou caused primarily by Cochliobolus sativus was followed during plant development in 1969, 1970, and 1971 at Matador, Saskatchewan. Plants were sampled at intervals, and three variables based mainly on the occurrence of lesions on subcrown internodes were studied: number of diseased plants per square meter; percentage of diseased plants; and disease rating which integrated percentage of diseased plants and disease severity on each plant. All variables increased with time, and the progression curves in all 3 years were hyperbolic, indicating that the increases were like those of a simple interest disease as described by Van der Plank. In two of the years, almost 100% of the plants were diseased considerably before the end of the season. The transformation proposed by Van der Plank for simple interest diseases, log10[1/(1 − x)], was applied to the percentages of diseased plants, and regressions were calculated. The slopes of these lines (infection rates) were as follows: 1969, 0.99% plants per day; 1970, 1.32%; and 1971, 1.96%. In 1969 the onset of disease was later than in 1970 and 1971, and there was correspondingly less disease at the end of the growing season.

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