DISSEMINATION OF ORCHARD-GRASS POLLEN

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. KOZUMPLIK ◽  
B. R. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Grass Pollen ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Pollen Counts ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Isolation Distances ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Microscope Slides ◽  
Cross Fertilization

The dissemination of orchard-grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) pollen from a topcross nursery was determined using microscope slides. These were exposed in eight directions around the source, and at various distances up to 300 m. Within 25 m of the source, pollen counts declined to 4%. Beyond 25 m, the counts declined slowly. At 300 m from the source, counts were about 1% of those at the source. Male-sterile plants were exposed at the same sites as the slides. Seed production of these plants did not decline as rapidly as pollen counts, and there was little relation between the two determinations. With normal (male-fertile) orchard grass, the data indicate that little cross-fertilization would be expected at isolation distances of 25 m or more. However, with male-sterile material, greater isolation distances are required.

DIFFERENTIAL HOSTS AND NEW HOST RECORDS FOR FIVE GRASS VIRUSES

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Slykhuis
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
New Host ◽  
Agropyron Smithii ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Differential Hosts ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
New Host Records

A number of cereals and other grasses were compared as hosts for different isolates of viruses causing Agropyron mosaic (AMV), wheat streak mosaic (WSMV), barley stripe mosaic (BSMV), ryegrass mosaic (RMV) and orchard grass mosaic (OMV). Lolium multiflorum L. was susceptible to all the viruses. The four varieties of wheat tested were highly susceptible to AMV, WSMV and BSMV, but not to RMV or OMV. Clintland oats was susceptible to WSMV, RMV and OMV but not to AMV or BSMV. Lolium perenne L. and Dactylis glomerata L. were infected by RMV and OMV only, Agropyron repens L. Beauv. by AMV only, and Setaria italica L. Beauv. by BSMV only. Brant and Husky barley were slightly susceptible to AMV, but seven other varieties appeared immune. Unusual host records include the infection of Setaria lutescens (Weigel) Hubb. and one plant of Agropyron smithii Rydb. with WSMV, and the infection of Agropyron intermedium (Host) Beauv. with BSMV. A list of differential hosts is proposed.

CHINOOK ORCHARD GRASS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 615-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. HANNA ◽  
S. SMOLIAK ◽  
D. B. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Chinook is a winterhardy cultivar of orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) developed by the late R. W. Peake at the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Lethbridge, Alberta. It was released in 1959, but a full description of this cultivar was not published.

RESPONSE OF ORCHARD GRASS TO MULTIPLE HARVESTS AND RATES OF NITROGEN IN POST-SEEDING YEARS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 763-770
Author(s):  
H. T. KUNELIUS ◽  
MICHIO SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Total N ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
N Rates

Frode orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) was fertilized with 99–495 kg N/ha/yr in three equal applications and harvested three or four times per season over a 3-yr period to determine the productivity, quality of forage and persistence of stands. The application of N resulted in significant (P =.001) linear and quadratic increases in dry matter (DM) yields. Higher DM yields were obtained with the 3-harvest system while the yield distribution within the season was more uniform for the 4-harvest system. Total N concentrations of orchard grass increased linearly with the N rates. Total N yields were dependent on the rates of applied N with the recovery of applied N ranging from 39 to 70% at 99–297 kg N/ha/yr, respectively. The in vitro disappearance of DM was slightly reduced by the high N rates in the 1st and 2nd harvests. The nitrate-N concentrations were highest in the early and late summer ranging from.11 to.29% at 297–495 kg N/ha/yr, respectively. The persistence of orchard grass was better under the 4- than the 3- harvest system.

PERFORMANCE OF HYBRIDS IN ORCHARD GRASS

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 783-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. CHRISTIE
Keyword(s):  
Forage Yield ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Hybrid Superiority ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Single-cross hybrids of orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were evaluated for yield, in vitro digestibility (IVD), and relative maturity in three trials. All trials were planted broadcast, using seed produced on male-sterile clones. All trials were harvested for 2 yr. The average yield of the 48 hybrids tested was 98% of that for the cultivar Frode in the first cut each year, and 103% over the season. The most productive hybrid produced 28% more forage than Frode in the first cut, and 15% more over the season. For IVD, there was no evidence of hybrid superiority. The results indicate that the use of hybrids can result in an increase in forage yield.

SEEDING YEAR YIELDS AND QUALITY OF ORCHARD GRASS AS INFLUENCED BY N RATES AND HARVEST SYSTEMS

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-431
Author(s):  
H. T. KUNELIUS ◽  
MICHIO SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Total N ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
N Rates

Frode orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata L.) was seeded at 20 kg/ha without a companion crop in 1971 and 1972. Nitrogen was applied at 37–185 kg/ha at seeding and after the first harvest, and the stands were subjected to three harvest systems. Total dry matter (DM) yields increased up to 74 kg N/ha/application. Systems with the latest first harvest and longest regrowth intervals produced highest DM yields. Early seeding was important for the production of high DM yields. Late fall harvest in October resulted in poor winter survival. The total N concentrations of orchard grass ranged from 2.58 to 4.40%, with small or no increases beyond 111 kg N/ha/application. In vitro disappearance of DM was not affected by N rates but varied from 60.7 to 69.8% with the highest readings for the early or short regrowth interval harvests. Nitrate-N concentrations of orchard grass were < 0.15% at 37 kg N/ha/application. At or above 74 kg N/ha/application, nitrate-N usually exceeded 0.15% level which might be potentially toxic to livestock consuming the forage.

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