STOMATAL FREQUENCY AND DISTRIBUTION ON THE INFLORESCENCE OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. D. TEARE ◽  
A. G. LAW ◽  
G. F. SIMMONS
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Stomatal Frequency ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Variation

Stomatal distribution and frequency on the lemma, palea, glume, and awn were determined by counting the stomata per unit area on the various components of the wheat spikelet. Stomata occurred in rows on the abaxial surface of the lemmas and glumes. The portion of the lemma covered by a glume or adjacent lemma did not have stomata. A single row of stomata extended down each side of the crease of the palea. Each awn had two parallel rows of stomata at the base; the rows spiraled up the awn and were reduced to one row at the tip. We found that inflorescence stomata ranged from 15000 to 60000; awn stomata from 100 to 13000; palea stomata, from 2000 to 10000; lemma stomata, from 6000 to 22000; and glume stomata, from 6000 to 20000. Number of stomata per inflorescence represented 3–16% of the flag-leaf stomata/culm. The characterization of 19 cultivars of Triticum aestivum in relation to stomata numbers per inflorescence shows a wide range of variation that may be useful in future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Variability among selective guava (Psidium guajava L.) varieties revealed by morphology and RAPD marker

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzana Alam ◽  
Kazi Didarul Islam ◽  
SM Mahbubur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Range Of Variation

The research was conducted for the assessment of genetic diversity using both morphological and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of twelve guava (Psidium guajava L.) varieties growing in Bangladesh. Morphological characterization of guava varieties showed a wide range of variation. The highest variability was observed between Poly and Jelly varieties.Polymerase chain reaction with 5 arbitrary 10-mer and 3 arbitrary 12- mer RAPD primers produced a total of 50 bands of which 75.23 percent were polymorphic. The highest percentage of polymorphic loci (100%) was observed for primer A and the lowest (50%) for A03 primer. The UPGMA dendrogram revealed the segregation pattern and the difference of evolutionary changes. Guava varieties were separated into two main groups, one of them was made up of Chineese, Jelly, Kazi, Apple, L-49, Local-2 and Local-3. The other one was made up of Local-1, Poly, Kashi, Thai and Bombay. The highest genetic distance between Apple and Kazi peyara indicate that these varieties might be interesting in breeding programme for improving trait of interest. This scientific information could be used for further improvement of guava. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 7(2): 89-98, 2018 (December)

Agronomic and horticultural characters of rutabaga in eastern Canada

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Spaner
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Plasmodiophora Brassicae ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Range Of Variation

Rutabaga (Brassica napus ssp. rapifera) is one of the most important field-grown vegetable crops in eastern Canada. The objective here was to report on the agronomic and horticultural potential of available genotypes in this region. Results from a 3-yr trial of 16 genotypes indicated a wide range of variation for all traits. Three Canadian and two European genotypes were ranked highest, employing a composite index of several traits, including clubroot tolerance. Clubroot tolerance is a major determinant of overall phenotype in eastern Canada, and future breeding programs should consider the importance of this trait. Key words: Swede, Newfoundland, Brassica napus ssp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk, clubroot, Plasmodiophora brassicae

scholarly journals Effect Of Water Stress On Stomatal Characters Of Twenty One Near Isogenic Lines Of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
AMS Alam ◽  
G Kabir ◽  
MM UD-Deen ◽  
E Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Stomatal Index ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Effect Of Water

The present study was carried out to determine the effect of water stress on stomatal characters of flag leaf of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) where five different irrigation regimes were considered as environments. Stomatal opening frequencies were significantly decreased by water stress in both the surfaces of the flag leaf in both irrigated and rainfed conditions in all the near isogenic lines of wheat. In rainfed condition, it was lower than irrigated condition. Similarly stomatal index also significantly differed in different irrigation treatments at three different positions in both adaxial and abaxial surface but under rainfed condition, it was lower than the irrigated condition in all the genotypes. The pore lengths of flag leaf in both adaxial and abaxial surfaces were found similar in size. It also varied among the different irrigations, but the variations were not remarkable. In rainfed condition, the pore lengths of different genotypes showed lower values than irrigated condition. Effects of water stress on stomatal pore breadths in both the surfaces were significantly decreased in rainfed condition. But in different irrigation conditions, stomatal pore breadth were non-significant among the genotypes. The effect of water stress on different stomatal characters in both surface of leaf in different lines of wheat were decreased.   Keywords: Water stress; stomatal characters; wheat . DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i1.9241 BJAR 2011; 36(1): 173-181

scholarly journals Molecular Modeling and in Silico Characterization of a Pathogenesis-Related Protein-10 (PR10) and its Coding Genes in some Oryza Species

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0993
Author(s):  
Ahmed Sayed Fouad ◽  
Rehab Mahmoud Hafez
Keyword(s):  
World Population ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Pathogenesis Related Protein ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Pr10 Gene ◽  
In Silico Characterization ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Range Of Variation

Rice is a major staple food for more than two thirds of the world population. Pathogenesis-related proteins-10 (PR10) have a range of 154 to 163 amino acid with molecular weight ~ 17 kDa.  They are acidic and generally intracellular and cytosolic proteins accumulate in plants in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present study, a PR10 gene and its corresponding protein were characterized in O. sativa, O.  barthii, O. glaberrima, O. glumipatula, O. meridionalis, O. nivara, O. rufipogon and  O. punctata. The results revealed a narrow range of variation at both DNA and protein levels in all examined species except O. glumipatula. The latter showed a relatively obvious structural variation at protein level. Such variation may be beneficial against different types of stress that requires further elucidation to exploit in rice breeding programs.

scholarly journals Characterization of ten extreme disturbance events in the context of social and ecological systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel E. Lugo
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Total Load ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Range Of Variation

AbstractAn extreme disturbance event is one in which any of its component disturbance forces and their interactions with affected systems have dimensions and responses that exceed the known range of variation expected of those parameters. If the exposed system does not respond or exhibits a low level response to an event, the event was not extreme to the exposed system, regardless of the dimensions of its disturbance forces. Extreme disturbance events are complex and require disaggregation to improve understanding of their effects. The areas affected by extreme events and the duration of the events are related but involve many orders of magnitude in terms of area affected and duration. One way to compare events is through a common and objective unit of measure such as energy. A comparison of ten extreme events in terms of their power and total energy delivered per unit area revealed a broad range of values among them. The power of events ranged 8 orders of magnitude and the total load per unit area ranged 14 orders of magnitude. Each event had different points of interaction with exposed ecosystems. When exposed to the same extreme event, the response of social systems is different from the response of the ecological systems. Also, social systems recovered quicker to a category 3 hurricane than did ecological systems. Both social and ecological systems have the capacity to evolve, adapt, innovate, and develop novelty in response to the selective pressure of extreme events.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of microRNAs in the flag leaf and developing seed of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Han ◽  
Chao Jian ◽  
Jinyang Lv ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Qing Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Developing Seed ◽  
Identification And Characterization

scholarly journals Characterization of Annur and Bedakam Ecotypes of Coconut from Kerala State, India, Using Microsatellite Markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Rajesh ◽  
K. Samsudeen ◽  
P. Rejusha ◽  
C. Manjula ◽  
Shafeeq Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Clustering Analysis ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Kerala State

The coconut palm is versatile in its adaptability to a wide range of soil and climatic conditions. A long history of its cultivation has resulted in development of many ecotypes, which are adapted to various agro-eco factors prevalent in a particular region. These ecotypes usually are known by the location where they are grown. It is important to explore such adaptation in the coconut population for better utilization of these ecotypes in coconut breeding programs. The aim of the present study was to identify the genetic diversity of the Bedakam and Annur ecotypes of coconut and compare these ecotypes with predominant West Coast Tall (WCT) populations, from which they are presumed to have been derived, using microsatellite markers. All the 17 microsatellite markers used in the study revealed 100% polymorphism. The clustering analysis showed that Annur and Bedakam ecotypes were two separate and distinct populations compared to WCT. It was also evident from the clustering that Annur ecotype was closer to WCT than Bedakam ecotype.

Evaluation and Avoidance of False Alarm by Controlling Rhine Water with Continuously Working Biotests

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Puzicha
Keyword(s):  
Warning System ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
River Test ◽  
Continuous Working ◽  
Range Of Variation ◽  
Contaminant Load ◽  
Rhine Water

Effluents from point sources (industries, communities) and diffuse inputs introduce pollutants into the water of the river Rhine and cause a basic contaminant load. The aim is to establish a biological warning system to detect increased toxicity in addition to the already existing chemical-physical monitoring system. To cover a wide range of biocides, continuous working biotests at different trophic levels (bacteria, algae, mussels, water fleas, fishes) have been developed and proved. These are checked out for sensitivity against toxicants, reaction time, validity of data and practical handling under field conditions at the river. Test-specific appropriate methods are found to differentiate between the normal range of variation and true alarm signals.

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