scholarly journals YIELD AND DISEASE-ESCAPE POTENTIAL OF FALL-SOWN OATS POSSESSING SEED DORMANCY

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. BURROWS
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Dormant Seed ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Spring Emergence

Several "dormoat" lines that resemble Avena sativa L. ’Clintland’ in seed and plant morphology but having the seed dormancy of A. fatua L. were synthesized to test the hypothesis that fall-sown dormant oats that do not germinate until the following spring will yield more grain in Canada than spring-sown oats. In 1966, seed yield increases of 13 and 24% were obtained at Ottawa from 1965 fall sowings of dormant seed compared with spring sowings of non-dormant seed of the same "dormoat" lines. Greater seed size and escape from diseases because of early maturity were mainly responsible for the higher yields of the fall-sown as compared with the spring-sown plots. In spite of these encouraging results, "dormoats" will not be commercially useful until the spring emergence of fall-sown seed is greatly increased.

Effect of mechanical and chemical seed treatments on the number and size of seed tubers and yield of potatoes

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Sekhon ◽  
M. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dormant Seed ◽  
Seed Rate ◽  
Seed Tubers ◽  
Thiourea Solution ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
Cut Seed

SummaryField experiments to study the effect of pre-sprouting, cutting seed and seed soaking in plant regulators on the number and size of seed tubers and yield of potatoes were conducted during the autumn crop seasons of 1978–9 to 1980–1. At the same seed rate, cut seed produced significantly more sprouts and stems, seed-size tubers and seed yield than the whole seed without affecting the aggregate yield. Similar effects were recorded with soaking whole non-dormant tubers in 10 mg GA 3/1 solution for 15 min before planting. Soaking whole non-dormant seed in 0·5% thiourea solution for 1 h increased the number of sprouts and seed-size tubers, giving increases in seed yield of 2·26, 2·73 and 2·65 t/ha over soaking seed in water in the three consecutive years. The corresponding increases in aggregate yield were 1·79, 1·48 and 1·60 t/ha. Soaking cut seed in solutions of 10 mg GA 3/1 and 0·5% thiourea singly or in combination had an adverse effect on the yield of potatoes.

scholarly journals Genetic Parameters for Determining Useful Parents in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) Breeding for Early Maturity, Small Seed Size, and High Seed Yield

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Trustinah ◽  
Rudi Iswanto ◽  
Ratri T. Hapsari ◽  
Novita Nugrahaeni ◽  
Rudy Soehendi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
High Seed Yield ◽  
Number Of Branches

Early maturity, small seed size, and high seed yield are important characters of mungbean in Indonesia. The objective of the study was to determine the useful parents in mungbean crosses for early maturity, small seed size, and high seed yield varieties by estimating the genetic parameters and their inheritance. The study was conducted at the ILETRI, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, during the dry season of 2014. 20 F1 and 5 parents were evaluated using a randomized block design, repeated three times. Results of the study showed that all observed traits showed the importance of both additive and dominance gene effects. The relative value of general combining ability (GCA) was greater than specific combining ability (SCA) for number of pod clusters per plant, number of branches per plant, plant height, days to maturity, and 100-seed weight which indicated the importance of additive gene effect. The dominance gene effect occurred on number of pods and seed yield per plant. Among five parents, G3 was the best combiner for all the observed characters except pod length; therefore, G3 could be exploited for late maturity, small seed size, high number of branches and pod cluster, and high seed yield. G5 has a high GCA for 100-seed weight. G1 and G2 have good GCA for early maturity. G3 and G5 genotypes are useful as parents in mungbean breeding for small and large seed size varieties, respectively. The best combination for seed yield was G2 × G3 and G3 × G1 crosses and could be proceeded with selection for early maturity, small seed size, and high seed yield varieties.

scholarly journals Family structure of F5 soybeans lines derived from soybean varieties with the main differences on seed size and maturity traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Kuswantoro ◽  
RINA ARTARI ◽  
RUDI ISWANTO ◽  
HILYATUL IMANI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Family Structure ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
The Family ◽  
Days To Maturity

Abstract. Kuswantoro H, Artari R, Iswanto R, Imani H. 2020. Family structure of F5 soybeans lines derived from soybean varieties with the main differences in seed size and maturity traits. Biodiversitas 21: 2576-2585. The success of breeding programs depends on the availability of genetic resources with high genetic diversity. Genetic diversity plays a role in relationship between genotypes or within a group of genotypes. Seed size and the days to maturity are the main traits to develop a new superior variety for better seed quality and quantity. The plant materials consisted of eight F5 families originating from a combination of crossbreeding between four Korean soybean varieties (Daehwang, Daemang, Daewon, and Songhak) and two Indonesian soybean varieties (Argomulyo and Lawit). The main traits of four Korean soybean varieties are similar to each other, i.e. large seed size and early maturity. The two Indonesian soybean varieties differ on seed size and maturity. Argomulyo has a large seed size and early maturity, while Lawit has a small seed size and late maturity. Agronomic data, such as days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, days to harvesting, plant height, number of branches, number of reproductive nodes, number of filled pods, number of unfilled pods, seed yield per plant, 100 seeds weight, and seed yield per plot, were analyzed using R programs to form the groups. The grouping was based on principal component analysis. The results showed that the family structure of a cross was determined by the characteristics of the crossed genotypes. The family structures with Argomulyo as male parents were more influenced by 100 seeds weight, while the family structures with Lawit as male parents were more influenced by days to maturity. No family structure was formed with a large seed size on crossing with Lawit as the male parent. In this population, high seed yield as the main target of plant breeding was obtained on crossing of Daemang with Lawit.

Effect of tiller age and time of nitrogen stress on seed production of Paspalum plicatulum

1973 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Chadhokar ◽  
L. R. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Nitrogen Stress ◽  
Floral Initiation ◽  
Final Maturation

SummaryPaspalum plicatulum was grown at Brisbane in boxes of sand receiving basal nutrients and frequent irrigation; weekly levels of ammonium nitrate application were varied according to growth and development stage.The rate of tiller appearance increased to a maximum 40–50 days after sowing and almost ceased thereafter. Tiller leaf number, survival, fertility, inflorescence branching, seeds per raceme and seed size were positively related to tiller age. Young tillers were more sensitive to variations in nitrogen supply than old tillers.Adequate nitrogen nutrition during the vegetative phase from sowing to floral initiation (93 days) increased tiller and hence inflorescence density; increased inflorescence branching was compensated by fewer seeds per raceme. Good nitrogen nutrition during the phase from floral initiation to inflorescence exsertion (142 days) increased survival of late-formed tillers and hence inflorescence density; inflorescence branching, seeds per raceme and seed size were also increased. Nitrogen stress during the final maturation phase did not affect seed yield.

An early transient water deficit reduces flower number and pod production but increases seed size in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 481 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-W. Fang ◽  
N. C. Turner ◽  
F.-M. Li ◽  
K. H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Flower Production ◽  
Terminal Drought ◽  
Seed Growth

Terminal drought is known to decrease flower production, increase flower and pod abortion, and decrease yield of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), but the effects of early-season drought have not been evaluated. The influence of an early transient water deficit on flower and pod production and abortion, and seed yield and its components was evaluated in two chickpea cultivars, Rupali, a desi type, and Almaz, a kabuli type. Thirty-six-day-old plants were subjected to: (i) a transient water deficit by withholding water for 35 days, and then rewatered (WS), and (ii) kept well watered (WW) throughout. In the WS treatment the soil water content, leaf relative water content and leaf photosynthetic rate decreased after water was withheld and, following rewatering, recovered to the WW level. Despite the WS treatment being imposed at different phenological stages in the two cultivars, WS reduced flower number per plant by ~50% in Rupali and Almaz, respectively, compared with the WW plants. In WW plants, ~15% of flowers aborted in both cultivars, and 42 and 67% of the pods aborted in Rupali and Almaz, respectively, whereas in WS plants, 18 and 23% of flowers aborted and 27 and 67% of pods aborted in Rupali and Almaz, respectively. While seed growth in WS plants of Rupali and Almaz occurred primarily after the plants were rewatered, the duration of seed growth decreased by 17 and 36 days, the maximum rate of seed filling increased by 3 times and 5 times, and seed size increased by 26 and 16%, respectively, compared with the WW plants. Seed yield per plant in WS plants decreased by 31% in Rupali and 38% in Almaz compared with the WW controls. The early transient water deficit decreased flower production, but improved flower and pod development; increased the rate of seed growth and increased final seed size; and had a smaller effect on seed yield compared with chickpea subjected to terminal drought.

scholarly journals Potential yield of soybean promising lines in acid soil of Central Lampung, Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Kuswantoro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Similar Soil

Most of Indonesia dryland is covered by acid soil which lead to the decreasing potential yield of the crops. In different areas soybean potential yield also different depends on the different soil pH and the availability of the soil. The objective of the research was to study the potential yield of soybean promising lines in acid soil of Central Lampung, Indonesia. Ten promising lines and two check varieties (Tanggamus and Wilis) were grown in acid soil with pH 4.7. The results showed that the highest seed yield was showed by SC5P2P3.5.4.1-5 with 2.51 t/ha. Other soybean promising lines with seed yield over than 2 t/ha-1 was SJ-5/Msr.99.5.4.5-1-6-1 and the check variety Tanggamus. The highest yield of SC5P2P3.5.4.1-5 was caused by the high number of filled pods and the large of seed size. Other nine promising lines also can be developed to obtained grain yield as many as Tanggamus yield in the area with similar soil and climate conditions.

scholarly journals Relative performance of oat (Avena sativa L.) varieties for their growth and seed yield

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Siloriya P. ◽  
S. Rathi G. ◽  
D. Meena V.
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Relative Performance

scholarly journals Effect of flooding on growth and yield of mungbean genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
MA Karim ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
S Aktar ◽  
MA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Days To Flowering ◽  
Soil Flooding ◽  
Standing Water

The field experiment was carried out with some selected mungbean genotypes viz. IPSA-13, VC-6173A, BU mug 2, BARI Mung-5 and IPSA-12 to observe the effect of 4-days flooding on their growth and yield of mungbean under field conditions at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during September to November, 2011 maintaining 3-5 cm standing water at 24 days after emergence. Days to flowering and maturity delayed in flooded plants over control depending on the genotypes. Flooding significantly reduced Total Day Matters (TDM), number of pods per plant, seed size and seed yield of the mungbean genotypes over control. Considering higher seed yield, larger seed size and less yield reduction relative to control VC-6173A, BU mug 2 and IPSA-13 were found tolerant to soil flooding condition.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 151-162, March 2016

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY AND EXPECTED GENETIC ADVANCES OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN F2 PROGENIES OF SOYBEAN CROSSES

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Suyamto Suyamto ◽  
Eman Paturohman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Coefficient Of Variability

The F2 progenies of crosses among three soybean varieties were evaluated with their parents at Ngale Experimental Farm, Ngawi, East Java during the dry season of 2011. The experi-ment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications. The seeds of each F2 progenies and parents were planted in two rows of 4.5 m long. Plant spacing was 40 cm x 15 cm and each hill contained one plant. Among the characters studied, seed weight per plant, number of pods per plant and days to maturity had the highest coefficient of variability with the means of 52.6%, 48.2% and 41.9%, respectively. Whereas seed size, plant height and number of reproductive nodes had moderate values of 36.9%, 35.5% and 37.4%, respectively. Number of branches and days to flowering had the lowest variability of 11.7% and 15.3%, respectively. Number of pods per plant, days to maturity, plant height and seed size had high mean estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance. The genetic progress of these characters that would be obtained for one generation of selection was estimated 47.2%, 45.7%, 40.9% and 40.3%, respectively. Among the agronomic characters, plant height, number of pods per plant, seed size and days to maturity had the highest coefficient of variability associated with high heritability and genetic advance. Therefore, selection for high yielding with early maturity soybean genotypes based on plant height, number of pods per plant and seed size might be possible.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document