INSECTICIDE RESIDUES IN POTATOES AND SOIL AFTER CONSECUTIVE SOIL TREATMENTS OF ALDRIN AND HEPTACHLOR

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. R. Stewart ◽  
D. Chisholm ◽  
C. J. S. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Electron Capture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Total Residue ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Total Fresh Weight

Aldrin or heptachlor at 5 and 10 lb per acre were each incorporated into a sandy loam soil in 1958, 1959, and 1960. In 1963 the soils and potatoes grown therein were analyzed for insecticide residues by electron capture gas chromatography.Soils which had received applications of heptachlor contained appreciable amounts of gamma-chlordane in addition to heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide. Gamma-chlordane, a constituent of commercial formulations of heptachlor, was more persistent in soil than heptachlor, and the heptachlor/gamma-chlordane ratio decreased with time. Soils to which a total of 30 lb/acre of commercial heptachlor had been added were found to contain up to 2.1 p.p.m. gamma-chlordane, 2.0 p.p.m. heptachlor, and 0.8 p.p.m. heptachlor epoxide. Soils treated with the same amount of aldrin contained up to 0.8 p.p.m. aldrin and 2.3 p.p.m. dieldrin.Potatoes grown in these soils contained up to 0.017 p.p.m. heptachlor, 0.06 p.p.m. heptachlor epoxide, 0.016 p.p.m. gamma-chlordane, 0.002 p.p.m. aldrin, and 0.03 p.p.m. dieldrin of the total fresh weight. Heptachlor, aldrin, and gamma-chlordane were not present in the pulp in appreciable amounts. Approximately 50% of the total residue was contained in or on the skin of the tuber.

INSECTICIDE RESIDUES IN POTATOES AFTER SOIL TREATMENTS FOR CONTROL OF WIREWORMS

1960 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Begg ◽  
P. J. G. Plummer ◽  
H. Konst
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Feeding Trials

Chemical analyses and insect bioassays showed residues of less than 0.1 p.p.m. of aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, and heptachlor in the pulp of early potatoes grown in a Berrien sandy loam soil treated for control of the eastern field wireworm, Limonius agonus (Say). The insecticides had been applied at the rate of 5 pounds of toxicant per acre, 3, 15, or 27 months before harvesting the potatoes. Mammalian feeding trials showed that the residues in the potatoes did not cause any gross or histopathological changes in guinea pigs and rats.

BROADCAST TREATMENTS FOR CONTROL OF THE CABBAGE MAGGOT IN RADISH, AND RESULTANT RESIDUES

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Harcourt ◽  
J. R. W. Miles
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Insecticide Residues ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Cabbage Maggot

In sandy loam soil at Ottawa, heptachlor and aldrin granules, broadcast at 3 lb. of toxicant per acre before planting, gave respectively 70 to 80 and 58 to 84 per cent control of a very severe infestation of the cabbage maggot in radish planted 0, 7, 15, and 21 days after treatment. Chlordane granules at 5 lb. gave 4 to 48 per cent control. The granulated insecticides were applied to the surface of the soil with a hand fertilizer spreader and raked into the top 2 inches. Insecticide residues on the radish roots at harvest were below the tolerances recently established in Canada for this crop.

Inhibition of wheat growth planted after glyphosate application to weeds

Weed Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-381
Author(s):  
Se Ji Jang ◽  
Carol Mallory-Smith ◽  
Yong In Kuk
Keyword(s):  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Wheat Shoot ◽  
Loam Soil

AbstractGlyphosate is easily translocated from shoots to roots and released into the rhizosphere. The objective of this study was to clarify the influence of glyphosate residues in the root tissue of glyphosate-treated weeds on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and shikimate accumulation. Foliar application to 5-leaf downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) planted in sandy loam soil reduced wheat (‘Tubbs 06’) shoot fresh weight by 37% to 46% compared with the control when seeds were planted 0 and 1 d after applications. With Italian ryegrass [Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnot], wheat shoot fresh weight was inhibited by 20% to 34% compared with the control at 0, 1, 3, and 5 d after applications to 1.5- and 5-leaf-stage plants. Using a different wheat cultivar (‘Stephens’), shoot fresh weight was inhibited by 19% to 43% when seeds were planted 0 d after glyphosate applications to 1.5-, 2-, and 5-leaf-stage B. tectorum and L. perenne planted in sandy loam soil compared with control. In contrast, some studies using treated L. perenne and B. tectorum planted in clay loam soil resulted in increases in wheat shoot fresh weight. Lolium perenne planted in water-saturated sandy loam soil showed no differences in either shoot or root fresh weight or shikimate accumulation in shoots or roots. Compared with the control plants, shikimate accumulation in roots increased 51- to 59-fold in wheat planted in sandy loam soil that previously contained B. tectorum and 13- to 49-fold in soil that previously contained L. perenne. In both studies, glyphosate was applied at the 1.5-leaf stage, and wheat seeds were sown 0, 1, and 3 d after glyphosate applications. Thus, plant damage caused by glyphosate was associated with increased shikimate accumulation in the root tissue. Overall, crop damage caused by glyphosate residue to target plants was strongly influenced by soil type, soil water conditions, glyphosate sensitivity, target weed species identity, and weed densities.

Emissions of nitrous oxide and nitric oxide associated with the decomposition of arable crop residues on a sandy loam soil in Eastern England

Agronomie ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 731-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Harrison ◽  
Sharon Ellis ◽  
Roy Cross ◽  
James Harrison Hodgson
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Arable Crop ◽  
Loam Soil

INFLUENCE OF UNCONVENTIONAL FERTILIZERS ON MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SODDY-PODZOLY SANDY SOIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Yu.V. Leonova ◽  
◽  
T.A. Spasskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Coffee Waste ◽  
Loam Soil

The change in the microbiological activity of sod-podzolic sandy loam soil when using coffee waste and sewage sludge as a fertilizer for oats in comparison with traditional fertilizers is considered. During the study, it was determined that the predominant groups were bacteria and actinomycetes. Bacilli and fungi are few in number. The introduction of sewage sludge and coffee waste into the sod-podzolic sandy loam soil at a dose of 10 t / ha increases the activity of the microflora of the sod-podzolic sandy loam soil, which increases the effective and potential fertility.

Chloride and Lithium Transport in Large Arrays of Undisturbed Silt Loam and Sandy Loam Soil Columns

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 316
Author(s):  
M. Saleem Akhtar ◽  
Tammo S. Steenhuis ◽  
Brian K. Richards ◽  
Murray B. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Soil Columns ◽  
Lithium Transport ◽  
Loam Soil

scholarly journals A Modified Pressure–Sinkage Model for Studying the Effect of a Hard Layer in Sandy Loam Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5499
Author(s):  
Nihal D. Salman ◽  
György Pillinger ◽  
Muammel M. Hanon ◽  
Péter Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Sandy Loam Soil ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Load Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soil Thickness ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Hard Layer ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
New Perspective

The applicability of the typical pressure–sinkage models used to characterize the soil’s bearing properties is limited to homogeneous soils (infinite thickness) that have no hard layer. At a given depth, a hard layer can have a considerable impact on the soil’s load-bearing capacity. It is thus necessary to alter the pressure–sinkage equation by taking this condition into account when assessing the load-bearing capacity. The present paper aims to determine a simple, high-fidelity model, in terms of soil characterization, that can account for the hard layer affection. To assess hard layer affection in this paper, a plate sinkage test (bevameter) was conducted on sandy loam soil. To this end, the soil was prepared by considering three bulk densities and two soil thickness levels at 7–9% moisture content levels. According to the results, this paper put forth a new perspective and related equations for characterizing bearing performance. The sinkage modulus (k) is an intrinsic soil parameter that has a determined unit of N/cm2 and is significant for managing the bearing performance. The results showed that the new modulus sinkage model incorporates the main factor of the rigid layer effect involving high fidelity that the conventional models have failed to account for.

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