WHITE SURFACE MULCH EFFECT ON GROWTH OF SWEET CLOVER (MELILOTUS OFFICINALUS L.) IN THE GREENHOUSE

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-671
Author(s):  
R. Ashford ◽  
D. W. L. Read
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Clover ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Effect On Growth

Effect of white Styrofoam mulch on the growth of sweet clover in the greenhouse was studied at two levels of phosphorus fertilizer and with three methods of watering. The use of mulch significantly increased dry matter yield and uptake of applied phosphorus. When phosphorus was not limiting, self-irrigated pots of soil produced better growth than pots which were watered manually.A [Formula: see text] layer of Styrofoam served a dual purpose under the conditions of this test. Pots of soil with mulch not only gave a marked response in growth, but they also required less than one-third as much water to produce 1 gram of dry matter as pots with a bare soil surface. The possibility that the light reflected by Styrofoam increased photosynthetic activity in the sweet clover is being studied further.

Influence of irrigation intervals on dry matter yield, concentration of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus in Lablab purpureus and Sorghum almum fodder in the sudan savanna zone of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
I.R. Muhammad ◽  
B. Abdullahi ◽  
A.K. Mohammed ◽  
R.J Tanko ◽  
M.S. Kallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Lablab Purpureus ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Irrigation Interval ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Mean Concentration

Irrigation trials were conducted in the late dry season (March to June) with Lublab (Lablab purpureus) and Columbus grass (Sorghum almum) in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. The objective of this study was to determine the dry matter yield (IDM/ha), crude protein (CP), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus(P) in dual-purpose lablab bean and Sorghum almum at 3 irrigation schedules (5, 7 and 10 days irrigation interval). The results obtained showed dry matter yield in lablab increased (P<0.05) and varied from 1.7 to 11.7 IDM/ha. Calcium and P concentrations differed significantly (P<0.05). Mean CP for the lablab was 15.57%. Dry matter yield obtained for Sorghum almum varied (P<0.05) from 11.07 to 19.6 tDM/ha. Concentration of CP and Ca rose and declined thereafter with a mean concentration of 9.86% for CP und 0.08% for Ca while P declined consistently (P<0.05). Intervals of irrigation days had a relationship (P<0.05) with DM/ha, Ca and P in lablab. The increasing trend in foruye yield with increased irrigation interval showed optimum irrigation interval was not attained. It is therefore recommended that longer irrigation intervals be tried to determine the optimum irrigation interval after which forage yield would be depressed due to moisture stress. From the results of the present study Sorghum almum and lablab would be grown successfully at a 10-day irrigation interval. 

FIELD EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF A UREASE INHIBITOR AND CROP RESIDUES ON UREA HYDROLYSIS, AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION AND YIELD OF CORN

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 777-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. TOMAR ◽  
P. C. KIRBY ◽  
A. F. MacKENZIE
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Urea Hydrolysis ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Appreciable Effect ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
N Transformations

The effects of a urease inhibitor and crop residues on urea hydrolysis, NH3 volatilization and silage corn (Zea mays L.) yield were assessed on an Ormstown silty clay loam soil under field conditions. Chopped timothy straw (Phleum pratense L.) was spread on the soil surface at 0 and 4600 kg∙ha−1. Urea solutions treated with 0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.74 kg∙ha−1 of an urease inhibitor phenylphosphorodiamidate (supplied by The Crop Science Laboratory, Allied Corporation, Solvay, N.Y.), and NH4NO3 solutions with no inhibitor were added as dribble bands to the soil surface at 0 and 75.0 kg N∙ha−1. Urea-N remaining in the soil over a period of 14 days following urea application was measured. The extent of NH3 volatilization was assessed by capturing and measuring NH4–N using plastic cylinders (micro-plots) over a period of 17 days following urea application. Dry matter yield of corn was obtained 114 days after planting. Hydrolysis of urea was relatively rapid and 3–26% of the applied N was hydrolyzed within 2 days following urea application to the soil. The higher rates of inhibitor application (2.0 and 3.74 kg∙ha−’) tended to reduce urea hydrolysis. The inhibitor rate effect increased with time though not always significantly. More than 50% of the added N was still present as urea after 4 days with some exceptions. At day 8, the amount of N that was present as urea ranged from 4 to 28% for the lower rates and from 20 to 37% for the higher rates of inhibitor applied. Almost all the added urea had disappeared by 14 days. Measured losses of NH3 by volatilization within 17 days never exceeded 1% of the fertilizer N. Addition of N resulted in 14% increase in dry matter yield of corn. Nitrogen source, crop residues and urease inhibitor had no appreciable effect on crop yield. Key words: Urea-N transformations, urea fertilizer, NH3 losses, urease activity, straw

scholarly journals Growth components and chemical composition of some improved dual-purpose cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) varieties as influenced by manure application

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-310
Author(s):  
V. O. A. Ojo ◽  
S. J. Olufemi ◽  
G. A. Adetokunbo ◽  
B. T. Odunaye ◽  
B. A. Bakare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Cowpea Varieties

Field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of swine manure application on the growth components and chemical composition of nine varieties of improved dual-purpose cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp). The experiment was laid out as a 2 x 9 factorial design with two levels of manure application (0kg ha-1 and 5kg ha-1) and nine varieties of improved dual-purpose cowpea at three replicates. Agronomy parameters and dry matter yield of the cowpea were determined six weeks after sowing. Results showed that unfertilized variety IT- 332 recorded highest leaf proportion (57.27) above others. Varieties IT-193 with manure (80.00 cm) and IT-297 without manure (30) recorded significantly higher (P<0.05) values for plant height and leaf number respectively. Dry matter yield of cowpea ranged significantly higher (P<0.05) from 7.20 t ha-1 in variety IT-817 without manure to 14.85 t ha-1 in variety IT-321 with manure. The average crude protein content of improved cowpea varieties ranged significantly (P < 0.05) from 97.69 g kg-1 dry matter in unfertilized IT-817 and IT-834 to 141.17 g kg-1 dry matter in fertilized IT-819. The study showed that application of swine manure into cowpea increased the dry matter yield and chemical composition which is necessary to provide sufficient feed for ruminants that can be used as a supplement during the dry season.

Optimum harvest date of maize for biogas and silage purposes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
G. Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Harvest Date ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Vegetative Organs

The dry matter and moisture contents of the aboveground vegetative organs and kernels of four maize hybrids were studied in Martonvásár at five harvest dates, with four replications per hybrid. The dry matter yield per hectare of the kernels and other plant organs were investigated in order to obtain data on the optimum date of harvest for the purposes of biogas and silage production.It was found that the dry mass of the aboveground vegetative organs, both individually and in total, did not increase after silking. During the last third of the ripening period, however, a significant reduction in the dry matter content was sometimes observed as a function of the length of the vegetation period. The data suggest that, with the exception of extreme weather conditions or an extremely long vegetation period, the maximum dry matter yield could be expected to range from 22–42%, depending on the vegetation period of the variety. The harvest date should be chosen to give a kernel moisture content of above 35% for biogas production and below 35% for silage production. In this phenophase most varieties mature when the stalks are still green, so it is unlikely that transport costs can be reduced by waiting for the vegetative mass to dry.

Nitrogen Fertilization of Basil

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 481a-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rangappa ◽  
H.L. Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Optimum N Rate ◽  
N Rates

Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) is an important culinary herb in Virginia and other areas. The objective of this study, conducted during 1997, was to determine optimal N rate for fresh and dry matter yield. Seed of Broad Leaf sweet basil were direct-seeded on 18 June in rows 0.75 m apart in a RCBD design with 8 replications. Four N rates (0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha) were used. Calcium nitrate (15.5% N) was used as the fertilizer source. All plants from 1-m row length from middle row of each plot were harvested by hand on 23 Sept. and fresh weights were recorded. The plant material was dried at 70°C for 48 h to record dry weights. The moisture content at harvest was calculated from fresh and dry weights. The fresh yields following 0, 25, 50, and 75 kg N/ha were 3.7, 5.4, 6.4, and 6.8 kg/m2, respectively. The yield difference between two highest N rates was not significant, however, both these rates had significantly higher yield than the two lowest rates. Similar results were also obtained for dry matter yields. The highest N rate of 75 kg N/ha resulted in significantly higher dry matter yield (1.3 kg/m2) as compared to the other three rates. The lowest dry matter yield was obtained after the control treatment (0.6 kg/m2). An opposite relationship between N rate and moisture content was observed when the highest moisture content resulted from control and 50 kg N/ha treatments. These results indicate that optimum N rate for sweet basil in Virginia is 50 to 75 kg/ha.

Effects of Seeding Rate on the Dry Matter Yield and Nutritive Value of Fall‐Grown Oat

cftm ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne K. Coblentz ◽  
Jason S. Cavadini
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Seeding Rate
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