A retrospective look at short-season soybean cultivar development in Ontario

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 1239-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elroy R. Cober ◽  
Harvey D. Voldeng
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Short Season ◽  
Provincial Yield ◽  
Research Investments ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Large Research

Cober, E. R. and Voldeng, H. D. 2012. A retrospective look at short-season soybean cultivar development in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 1239–1243. Canadian soybean production has increased from about 63 000 ha in 1951 to 1.2 million ha in 2006 with expansion from southern Ontario to shorter season areas. From 1971 to 2000, soybean production in Ontario increased sixfold. Using annual reports from 1971 to 2000 of short-season trials in Ontario, we found that the number of reported cultivars remained between three and five until 1984 when the number of cultivars started to increase at the rate of about 2.5 yr−1. The amount of time that cultivars remained in the reports has declined from 12 to 4 yr on average over the 30-yr period. Long-lived cultivars, however, were developed throughout the period including: Hardome, Merit, Evans, Maple Arrow, Bicentennial, Maple Glen, KG 41, OAC Eclipse, 9071, OAC Bayfield, PS 36, and S03-W4. Over the 30-yr period of cultivar testing, short-season seed yield increased about 600 kg ha−1, while mean time to maturity decreased about 10 d. During the same time, mean Ontario commercial seed yields increased about 750 kg ha−1. Over the 30-yr period, the number of short-season cultivars in annual reports increased 36-fold, while provincial yield increased only 1.4-fold. If the number of cultivars in annual reports is an indication of breeding effort, large research investments may be necessary to increase future yield improvement.

MAPLE RIDGE SOYBEAN

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 781-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. VOLDENG ◽  
J. F. SEITZER ◽  
R. I. HAMILTON
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Soybean Cultivar ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Cultivar Description ◽  
Seed Yields

Maple Ridge is a soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivar of early maturity, later than Maple Presto but earlier than Maple Amber. Seed yields are generally equal to those of Maple Amber and about 20% greater than those of Maple Presto.Key words: Glycine max (L.) Merr., soybean, cultivar description

Proso Millet Tolerance to Saflufenacil

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. Lyon ◽  
Andrew R. Kniss
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
University Of Wyoming ◽  
Proso Millet ◽  
Short Season ◽  
The University ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Dose Response Study

Proso millet is an important short-season summer cereal in western Nebraska, southeast Wyoming, and eastern Colorado. The objective of this study was to evaluate proso millet tolerance to saflufenacil applied early preplant (EPP) or PRE. Field studies were conducted in Lingle, WY and Sidney, NE in 2008 and 2009. A dose–response study was conducted in the greenhouse at the University of Wyoming in Laramie, WY to determine proso millet cultivar response to saflufenacil applied at six rates from 0 to 400 g ai ha−1. In the field, saflufenacil was applied EPP and PRE at 50 and 100 g ha−1. Proso millet stands were reduced by an average of 33 and 23% by PRE and EPP treatments compared with the nontreated check; however, proso seed yields were not affected by saflufenacil timing or rate. In the greenhouse, ‘Panhandle’ and ‘Dawn’ exhibited less tolerance to saflufenacil than ‘Sunrise’, the cultivar used in the field studies.

Bradyrhizobium japonicum mutants allowing improved nodulation and nitrogen fixation of field-grown soybean in a short season area

2002 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. ZHANG ◽  
F. DAOUST ◽  
T. C. CHARLES ◽  
B. T. DRISCOLL ◽  
B. PRITHIVIRAJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Nodule Number ◽  
Nitrogen Yield ◽  
Short Season

In short-season soybean production areas, low soil temperature is potentially a major factor limiting plant growth and yield. Although Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain 532 C is widely used in inoculants in Canadian soybean production, and USDA 110 is widely used in American soybean production, they are both inhibited by low temperatures. Genistein is an important plant-to-bacteria signal compound secreted by soybean roots. The addition of genistein has proven to be an effective means of generating increases in nitrogen fixation and yield but genistein is expensive. We used UV mutagenesis to make 10 mutants from USDA 110 that express nod genes without the addition of plant-to-bacteria signal compounds such as genistein. A field experiment was conducted at the Lods Agronomy Research Centre in southwestern Quebec in 1998 and 1999. The treatments consisted of factorial combinations of inoculant type (no inoculant (control) and inoculants containing the mutants Bj 30050, Bj 30051, Bj 30052, Bj 30053, Bj 30054, Bj 30055, Bj 30056, Bj 30057, Bj 30058, Bj 30059 and the wild type USDA110 or 532 C) and soybean cultivar (Bayfield and Maple Glen). The experiment was structured following a randomized complete block design with four blocks. Data were collected on nodule number, nodule dry weight, shoot nitrogen yield and total nitrogen fixation at five development stages. Averaged over the 2 years of the study, when pods were 2 cm long at one of the four uppermost nodes on the main stem (R4), inoculation with Bj 30055 and Bj 30058 resulted in greater nodule number (23 and 14%, respectively), nodule dry weight (16 and 13%, respectively), shoot nitrogen yield (19 and 21%, respectively) and total nitrogen fixation (10·9 and 12·7%, respectively) than 532 C, which is currently used in Canadian inoculants. The cultivar Bayfield produced more nodules, and higher nodule weight than Maple Glen, but there were no differences between the cultivars for shoot nitrogen yield and total nitrogen fixation.

scholarly journals Potential Threat of Bruchids on Soybean Production in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. PHP-10-20-0093-
Author(s):  
Michelle L. Pawlowski ◽  
Doris M. Lagos-Kutz ◽  
Michelle da Fonseca Santos ◽  
Nicole Lee ◽  
Godfree Chigeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Sub Saharan

Soybean production in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has been increasing in recent years in part due to the efforts of several national and international research agencies, including the Soybean Innovation Laboratory (SIL). SIL’s mission to increase utilization and production of soybean in SSA has led to several facets of research including cultivar development to increase yield through the Pan-African Soybean Variety Trials (PATs). Several abiotic and biotic stresses can decrease yield, including pathogens and pests that attack seed. While evaluating seed lots from 32 PAT locations, we identified bruchids and/or bruchid-damaged seed in nine locations in four countries (Cameroon, Malawi, Mozambique, and Rwanda). The most severe damage and infestation was recorded in Bwanje, Malawi, with 28 of the 40 seed lots infested. Seed damage ranged from 0.6 to 100% among the 28 infested seed lots. Adult bruchids discovered at the Bwanje location were identified as Callosobruchus chinensis, or the Chinese bruchid. No adults were found in other locations. Bruchids are a destructive storage pest of legumes, and monitoring the different species attacking soybean will help researchers and producers understand the potential threat of bruchids to soybean production in SSA as well as help implement the best management practices.

Evaluation of mungbean accessions for the southern Canadian prairies

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Olson ◽  
Manjula Bandara ◽  
Deng Jin Bing ◽  
Art Kruger ◽  
Boris Henriquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Seed Yields

Olson, M., Bandara, M., Bing, D. J., Kruger, A., Henriquez, B. and Bremer, E. 2011. Evaluation of mungbean accessions for the southern Canadian prairies. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 137–141. Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] accessions were screened under field conditions to determine their suitability for commercial production in regions similar to those used for dry bean production on the Canadian prairies. Field studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 at two locations in southern Alberta and in 2007 at one location in southern Manitoba. Two mungbean lines produced a minimum of 400 kg seed ha−1 at 4 of 5 site-years, even with as little as 2240 crop heat units (CHU). The best-yielding accession produced an average seed yield of 750 kg ha−1. Although seed yields were low relative to dry bean (1920 to 3100 kg ha−1), substantial increases could likely be obtained through improvements in cultural practice and cultivar development.

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