Effect of seeding date and seeding rate on malting barley production in western Canada

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. O'Donovan ◽  
T. K. Turkington ◽  
M. J. Edney ◽  
P. E. Juskiw ◽  
R. H. McKenzie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Barley Plant ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Seeding Date

O'Donovan, J. T., Turkington, T. K., Edney, M. J., Juskiw, P. E., McKenzie, R. H., Harker, K. N., Clayton, G. W., Lafond, G. P., Grant, C. A., Brandt, S., Johnson, E. N., May, W. E. and Smith, E. 2012. Effect of seeding date and seeding rate on malting barley production in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 321–330. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) growers in western Canada often have difficulty achieving malting grade. This is usually due to unfavourable climatic conditions, but sub-optimal agronomic practices may also be a factor. Field experiments were conducted in 2006, 2007 and 2008 at eight locations in western Canada (24 site-years) to evaluate the effects of seeding date (relatively early and late) and seeding rate (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 seeds m−2) on AC Metcalfe barley yield and malt quality parameters. Delayed seeding often resulted in negative effects including increased protein concentration, decreased kernel plumpness and yield. However, at 6 site-years, higher yields occurred at the later seeding date. 300 seeds m−2 was usually optimal; maintained or improved yield, decreased protein concentration, increased kernel uniformity and time to seed maturity, and decreased tillering. In most cases, seeding at more than 300 seeds m−2 did not result in an improved outcome, and there was a risk of reduced yield and kernel plumpness at rates above this level. A multivariate analysis indicated that relatively low barley plant densities were associated primarily with northern locations with low soil pH.

Fertilization, seeding date, and seeding rate for malting barley yield and quality in southern Alberta

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 603-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. McKenzie ◽  
A. B. Middleton ◽  
E. Bremer
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Kernel Size ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Southern Alberta ◽  
Viable Seeds

Weather conditions are often unfavourable for malting barley quality in southern Alberta, but agronomic practice may improve the probability of attaining acceptable quality. The objective of this study was to determine optimum agronomic practice (cultivar, fertilization, seeding date and seeding rate) for yield and quality of malting barley in southern Alberta. Field trials were conducted at 12 dryland sites and 2 irrigated sites over a 3-yr period (2001–2003). At each site, five experiments were conducted with the following treatments: (1) N rate (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg N ha-1), (2) P rate (0, 6.5, 13 and 19.5 kg P ha-1), (3) K rate (0, 25 and 50 kg K ha-1), (4) S rate (0, 10, and 20 kg S ha-1), and (5) seeding date (three dates at 10-d intervals) and seeding rate (150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 viable seeds m-1). Seven cultivars were included in the first experiment and two cultivars were included in the remainder of the experiments. Maximum grain yields were achieved when fertilizer + available soil N (estimated from unfertilized grain N yield) exceeded 31 kg N Mg-1 maximum grain yield, whereas protein concentrations were usually acceptable if fertilizer + available soil N was between 25 and 40 kg N Mg-1 maximum grain yield. Higher N rates generally reduced kernel size. Cultivar differences in N response were negligible. Application of P, K, or S did not affect malt yield or quality. Seeding delays of ≈ 20 d reduced grain yields by an average of 20%, with relatively greater yield declines under drought stressed conditions. Delayed seeding did not affect or slightly increased grain protein concentration. Kernel size was both increased and decreased by delayed seeding. Increased seeding rates from 150 to 350 viable seeds m-2 generally provided small yield gains, slight reductions in grain protein concentration and reduced kernel size. The most beneficial agronomic practices for malt barley production in southern Alberta were early seeding and application of N fertilizer at rates appropriate to the expected availability of moisture and soil N. Key words: Hordeum vulgare, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, protein, plump kernels

Relative responses of new malting barley cultivars to increasing nitrogen rates in western Canada

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 831-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. O'Donovan ◽  
Y. Anbessa ◽  
C. A. Grant ◽  
A. L. Macleod ◽  
M. J. Edney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

O'Donovan, J. T., Anbessa, Y., Grant, C. A., Macleod, A. L., Edney, M. J., Izydorczyk, M. S., Turkington, T. K., Juskiw, P. E., Lafond, G. P., May, W. E., Harker, K. N., Johnson, E. N., Beres, B. L., McAllister, T. A., Smith, E. G. and Chapman, W. 2015. Relative responses of new malting barley cultivars to increasing nitrogen rates in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 831–839. Only about 25% of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is selected for malting annually in western Canada due to quality issues. While nitrogen (N) fertilization can increase yield, it can also impair quality by increasing protein to unacceptable levels. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of relatively new malting barley cultivars (Bentley, Major, CDC Meredith, and Merit 57) to increasing N rates compared to the response of AC Metcalfe, the most commonly grown malting cultivar. Experiments were conducted at seven locations in western Canada in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Nitrogen was banded at seeding at 0, 30, 60, 90, or 120 kg ha−1. All the new varieties produced higher yield (5 to 11%) than AC Metcalfe. Barley kernel yield and protein concentration increased with N rate. However, Merit 57, CDC Meredith and Bentley produced significantly lower protein concentration in response to N than AC Metcalfe and Major. The newer cultivars displayed higher N utilization efficiency than AC Metcalfe, possibly due to partitioning proportionally more N into leaf chlorophyll development. The higher leaf chlorophyll content may have enabled increased photosynthesis and a more efficient utilization of N for grain formation. Bentley produced the least tillers and had the highest kernel plumpness, while Merit 57 had the lowest kernel plumpness. CDC Meredith lodged most followed by Merit 57, while Major and Bentley lodged least, especially at the higher N rates. Merit 57 and CDC Meredith took longer to mature than the other cultivars but yielded well at relatively short growing season locations.

COMPARISON OF HILL AND ROW PLOTS FOR AGRONOMIC AND QUALITY TRAITS IN SPRING MALTING BARLEY (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. TRAGOONRUNG ◽  
P. M. HAYES ◽  
B. L. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Hill Plot ◽  
Hill Plots

Provided they reliably predict row plot performance, hill plots should be useful for doubled haploid recurrent selection in malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The primary objective of this research was to compare hill and row plot expression of agronomic and malting quality traits in an array of elite spring habit barley germplasm grown under irrigated conditions. A supporting objective was to identify an appropriate seeding rate for hill plot evaluation. Eight-replicate hill plots at four seeding rates (10, 20, 30, and 40 seeds per hill) were compared with adjacent four-replicate row plots in each of three environments. Genotype and genotype × environment interactions were significant for most agronomic traits in both plot types. Significant, linear genotype responses to hill plot seeding rates were observed for most agronomic traits. Seeding rate had no consistent effect on the expression of malting quality. The percentage of lines in common in the two plot types at 25 and 50% selection intensities was the most useful comparison statistic and indicated hill plot selection should be effective for most agronomic and malting quality traits. Although yield heritability estimates were consistently high in both hill and row plots, there was little relationship between trait expression in the two plot types. Differential tillering in response to hill plot competition is likely responsible. A seeding rate of 10 seeds per hill should be appropriate in preliminary screening for traits amenable to hill plot selection in irrigated spring habit malting barley.Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., malting quality, breeding methods, barley

scholarly journals Effects of seeding date and seeding rate on yield, proximate composition and total tannins content of two Kabuli chickpea cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Ruggeri ◽  
Riccardo Primi ◽  
Pier Paolo Danieli ◽  
Bruno Ronchi ◽  
Francesco Rossini
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Ascochyta Blight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Cultivar Selection ◽  
Marked Resistance ◽  
Considerable Range

Experiments were conducted in open field to assess the effect of seeding season and density on the yield, the chemical composition and the accumulation of total tannins in grains of two chickpea (<em>Cicer arietinum</em> L.) cultivars (<em>Pascià</em> and <em>Sultano</em>). Environmental conditions and genetic factors considerably affected grain yield, nutrient and total tannins content of chickpea seeds, giving a considerable range in its qualitative characteristics. Results confirmed cultivar selection as a central factor when a late autumn-early winter sowing is performed. In effect, a more marked resistance to Ascochyta blight (AB) of <em>Sultano</em>, allowed better agronomic performances when favourable-to-AB climatic conditions occur. Winter sowing appeared to be the best choice in the Mediterranean environment when cultivating to maximise the grain yield (+19%). Spring sowing improved crude protein (+10%) and crude fibre (+8%) content, whereas it did not significantly affect the accumulation of anti-nutrients compounds such as total tannins. The most appropriate seeding rate was 70 seeds m–2, considering that plant density had relatively little effect on the parameters studied.

scholarly journals Effects of plant growth regulator applications on malting barley in western Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-665
Author(s):  
B.D. Tidemann ◽  
J.T. O’Donovan ◽  
M. Izydorczyk ◽  
T.K. Turkington ◽  
L. Oatway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Malt Quality ◽  
Days To Maturity

Malting barley is important in western Canada, yet many malting cultivars do not meet malt quality standards, in part due to lodging. Lodging can decrease barley yield and quality thereby reducing the acceptability for malting. In other countries, plant growth regulator (PGR) applications are used to mitigate lodging. Chlormequat chloride (chlormequat), trinexapac-ethyl (trinexapac), and ethephon were tested at five locations over 3 yr in western Canada for their ability to limit lodging, as well as their effects on yield, agronomic traits, and pre-malt quality characteristics. PGR applications occurred between Zadoks growth stage (GS) 30–33 for chlormequat and trinexapac and GS 37–49 for ethephon. Seeding rates of 200, 300, and 400 seeds m−2 of CDC Copeland barley were used to increase the likelihood of lodging. Increased seeding rate decreased tillers per plant, height, days to maturity, kernel protein, and kernel weight. Ethephon increased the number of tillers per plant and decreased plant height, kernel plumpness, and kernel weight. Trinexapac decreased plant height and kernel weight. Days to maturity was investigated across site-years, with ethephon increasing maturity in 60% of comparisons. Trinexapac and chlormequat had limited effects on maturity. Lodging was investigated across site-years, with trinexapac showing the largest number of lodging reductions and scale of reductions. Ethephon reduced lodging in 36% of comparisons, while chlormequat had inconsistent effects. None of the products affected yield or grain protein. The results suggest PGRs may not be the solution to lodging for CDC Copeland barley on the Canadian Prairies; however, trinexapac shows the most promise of the products tested.

Seeding Date, Seeding Rate, and Row Spacing Affect Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Cheat (Bromus secalinus)

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. Koscelny ◽  
Thomas F. Peeper ◽  
John B. Solie ◽  
Stanley G. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Infestation Level ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Bromus Secalinus ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield

Field experiments were conducted in Oklahoma to determine the effects of winter wheat seeding date and cheat infestation level on cultural cheat control obtained by increasing winter wheat seeding rates and decreasing row spacing. Seeding rate and row spacing interactions influenced cheat density, biomass, or seed in harvested wheat (dockage) at two of three locations. Suppressive effects on cheat of increasing wheat seeding rates and reduced row spacings were greater in wheat seeded in September than later. At two other locations, increasing seeding rate from 67 to 101 kg ha–1or reducing row spacings from 22.5 to 15 cm increased winter wheat yield over a range of cheat infestation levels.

Economic benefits of integrated weed management systems for field crops in the Dark Brown and Black soil zones of western Canada

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1273-1279 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Smith ◽  
B. M. Upadhyay ◽  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
H. J. Beckie ◽  
K. N. Harker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
Common Practices

Integrated weed management (IWM) systems that combine seeding date, seeding rate, herbicide rate, and timing of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application were assessed for their economic performance in the Dark Brown and Black soil zones. A barley-field pea IWM system in the Black soil zone at Lacombe, Alberta, and a wheat-canola IWM system in the Dark Brown soil zone at Lethbridge, Alberta, and Scott, Saskatchewan, were used to assess contributions of seeding date (April or May), seeding rate (recommended or 150% of recommended), fertilizer timing (fall or spring), and in-crop herbicide rate (50% or 100% of recommended). The factorial set of treatments was applied in 4 consecutive years at each site. For barley-field pea production, the highest contribution margin (CM) (returns over variable production costs) was earned with 50% of the recommended herbicide rate, spring application of N fertilizer, seeding barley later at the high seeding rate, and seeding field pea early at the recommended seeding rate. This IWM system had a CM benefit of at least $51 ha-1 compared with current common practices. The wheat-canola system results were site specific. At Lethbridge, it was more profitable to use 50% of recommended herbicide rates and to seed both crops early, with an early seeding date being very important for canola. The CM of this IWM system was $48 ha-1 higher than current common practices. At Scott, the wheat-canola system was more profitable with spring fertilizer application, 50% of the recommended herbicide rate, and an early seeding date for canola. The best IWM system had a CM $15 to $75 ha-1 higher, depending on the year, than common practices. Our results confirmed the economic merits of using IWM practices for cereal-oilseed and cereal-pulse cropping systems in these regions of western Canada. Key words: Economic, integrated weed management, contribution margin, canola, wheat, field pea, barley

scholarly journals Barley response to seeding date in central Alberta

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Juskiw ◽  
J. H. Helm
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Seeding Date ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grain Filling Period

Seeding date is an important factor influencing productivity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). When conditions are conducive to early seeding or result in delayed seeding, producers need to know how cultivars will respond to these seeding situations. In this study, five cultivars (Abee, Harrington, Jackson, Noble and Virden) registered for western Canada were studied for 4 yr (1990 to 1993) when seeded early (late April or early May), in mid-May, in late-May, or late (mid-June) at Lacombe, AB. For all cultivars, early seeding resulted in grain yield advantages of 113 to 134% of the mean site yield, while with late seeding, grain yields were reduced to 54 to 76% of the mean site yield. The reduction in yield was least for Jackson, the earliest maturing cultivar tested. Late seeding reduced the period from sowing to emergence, vegetative period, grain-filling period, time from emergence to physiological maturity, test weight, grain yield, kernel weight, and tillers per plant; and increased plant height and percent thins. Late seeding had no significant effect on phyllochron, stand establishment, scald, lodging, protein content of the grain, kernel number per spike, and spikelet number per spike. Barley responded positively to early seeding in central Alberta, but when seeding was delayed (in this study to mid-June) the early and mid-maturing six-rowed cultivars with short phyllochrons performed better than the two-rowed and late six-rowed cultivars. Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., seeding rate, phenological development, grain quality, grain yield, components

AAC Goldman barley

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1203-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.G. Legge ◽  
A. Badea ◽  
J.R. Tucker ◽  
T.G. Fetch ◽  
M. Banik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Malting Quality ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Made In ◽  
Resistance Traits

AAC Goldman is a hulled, two-row, spring, malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar widely adapted to western Canada. It was developed from the cross TR04282/Newdale made in 2002 and was evaluated in the Western Cooperative Two-row Barley Registration Test (2010–2011) as well as the Collaborative Malting Barley Trials (2011–2012) conducted by the malting and brewing industry before being registered in 2018. AAC Goldman has a desirable combination of agronomic, malting quality, and disease resistance traits including low deoxynivalenol content.

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