Nitrogen remobilization and post-anthesis nitrogen uptake in relation to elevated grain protein concentration in durum wheat

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Suprayogi ◽  
J. M. Clarke ◽  
R. Bueckert ◽  
F. R. Clarke ◽  
C. J. Pozniak
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Remobilization ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration

The effects of triazole and strobilurin fungicide programmes on nitrogen uptake, partitioning, remobilization and grain N accumulation in winter wheat cultivars

2003 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. RUSKE ◽  
M. J. GOODING ◽  
S. A. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
The Relationship

Field experiments were conducted over 3 years to assess the effect of a triazole fungicide programme, and additions of strobilurin fungicides to it, on nitrogen uptake, accumulation and partitioning in a range of winter wheat cultivars. Commensurate with delayed senescence, fungicide programmes, particularly when including strobilurins, improved grain yield through improvements in both crop biomass and harvest index, although the relationship with green area duration of the flag leaf (GFLAD) depended on year and in some cases, cultivar. In all years fungicide treatments significantly increased the amount of nitrogen in the above-ground biomass, the amount of nitrogen in the grain and the nitrogen harvest index. All these effects could be linearly related to the fungicide effect on GFLAD. These relationships occasionally interacted with cultivar but there was no evidence that fungicide mode of action affected the relationship between GFLAD and yield of nitrogen in the grain. Fungicide treatments significantly reduced the amount of soil mineral N at harvest and when severe disease had been controlled, the net remobilization of N from the vegetation to the grain after anthesis. Fungicide maintained the filling of grain with both dry matter and nitrogen. The proportionate accumulation of nitrogen in the grain was later than that of dry matter and this difference was greater when fungicide had been applied. Effects of fungicide on grain protein concentration and its relationship with GFLAD were inconsistent over year and cultivar. There were several instances where grain protein concentration was unaffected despite large (1·5 t/ha) increases in grain yield following fungicide use. Dilution of grain protein concentration following fungicide use, when it did occur, was small compared with what would be predicted by adoption of other yield increasing techniques such as the selection of high yielding cultivars (based on currently available cultivars) or by growing wheat in favourable climates.

Protein concentration inheritance and selection in durum wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
F R Clarke ◽  
J M Clarke ◽  
C J Pozniak ◽  
R E Knox ◽  
T N McCaig
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration ◽  
Additional Protein ◽  
Marginal Improvement

Grain protein concentration is important in the determination of the value of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) for pasta manufacture. This study was undertaken to investigate the heritability and inheritance of protein concentration in seven genetically diverse durum populations, and to determine if the precision of this information could be improved by adjustment for micro-environmental trends. Grain protein and grain yield were measured at multiple locations and years. The Papadakis method was used to adjust for environmental trends in these replicated trials, and the moving mean was used for confimation in a sample of 19 un-replicated breeding trials. Environmental trends were substantial, and trend adjustment improved both correlations among locations and precision. Consequently, trend adjustment may be useful for genetic studies to improve trial precision, but would be of questionable merit in early-generation breeding trials due to the cost of additional protein measurements and marginal improvement in selection response. Grain yield was negatively correlated with grain protein concentration in all trials. Protein concentration was moderately heritable and complexly inherited in these populations, with the number of estimated effective factors ranging from 5 to 17 for the majority of trials. The complexity of inheritance and interactions of protein with yield and environment makes early-generation selection for protein difficult.Key words: Grain protein concentration, heritability, inheritance, semi-dwarf

Sulphur application does not improve wheat yield and protein concentration

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Karamanos ◽  
J. T. Harapiak ◽  
N. A. Flore
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Set Up ◽  
June July

Karamanos, R. E., Harapiak, J. T. and Flore N. A. 2013. Sulphur application does not improve wheat yield and protein concentration. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 223–228. Grain protein plays an important role in the milling and baking quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum). The question is whether application of sulphur, an important constituent of proteins and amino acids, impacts wheat grain protein concentration. A 3-yr 10-site experiment was set up to determine if of sulphur (S) fertilization (0 and 25 kg S ha−1) affects Canada west red spring (CWRS) and Durum grain yield and protein levels, when combined with various rates of nitrogen (N) fertilizer (0, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg N ha−1). Soils at the 10 sites varied from S deficient to S sufficient, based on criteria in western Canada. Application of 25 kg S ha−1 resulted in no yield or grain protein concentration increases, regardless of the level of N fertilizer applied or the level of soil “available” S (0–30 cm). However, high N fertilizer rates (80 and 100 kg N ha−1) plus S fertilization improved yield and protein concentration when growing season (May, June, July) precipitation was favourable for CWRS and Durum wheat. In conclusion, we suggest that indiscriminate application of S fertilizer will not increase protein concentration for CWRS and Durum wheat grain.

scholarly journals Conditional Mapping Identified Quantitative Trait Loci for Grain Protein Concentration Expressing Independently of Grain Yield in Canadian Durum Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuefeng Ruan ◽  
Bianyun Yu ◽  
Ron E. Knox ◽  
Wentao Zhang ◽  
Asheesh K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Major Qtl

Grain protein concentration (GPC) is an important trait in durum cultivar development as a major determinant of the nutritional value of grain and end-use product quality. However, it is challenging to simultaneously select both GPC and grain yield (GY) due to the negative correlation between them. To characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) for GPC and understand the genetic relationship between GPC and GY in Canadian durum wheat, we performed both traditional and conditional QTL mapping using a doubled haploid (DH) population of 162 lines derived from Pelissier × Strongfield. The population was grown in the field over 5 years and GPC was measured. QTL contributing to GPC were detected on chromosome 1B, 2B, 3A, 5B, 7A, and 7B using traditional mapping. One major QTL on 3A (QGpc.spa-3A.3) was consistently detected over 3 years accounting for 9.4–18.1% of the phenotypic variance, with the favorable allele derived from Pelissier. Another major QTL on 7A (QGpc.spa-7A) detected in 3 years explained 6.9–14.8% of the phenotypic variance, with the beneficial allele derived from Strongfield. Comparison of the QTL described here with the results previously reported led to the identification of one novel major QTL on 3A (QGpc.spa-3A.3) and five novel minor QTL on 1B, 2B and 3A. Four QTL were common between traditional and conditional mapping, with QGpc.spa-3A.3 and QGpc.spa-7A detected in multiple environments. The QTL identified by conditional mapping were independent or partially independent of GY, making them of great importance for development of high GPC and high yielding durum.

scholarly journals Modelling durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) grain protein concentration

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 930-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. ORLANDO ◽  
M. MANCINI ◽  
R. MOTHA ◽  
J.J. QU ◽  
S. ORLANDINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration

SUMMARYThe goal of the present study was to improve the CERES-wheat model simulation of grain protein concentration (GPC) for winter durum wheat and to use the model as a basis for the development of a GPC Simplified Forecasting Index (SFIpro). The performances of CERES-wheat, which is one of the most widespread crop simulation models, with (i) its standard GPC routine and (ii) a novel equation developed to improve the model GPC simulation for durum wheat, were assessed through comparison with field data. Subsequently, CERES-wheat was run for a 56-year period in order to identify the most important status and forcing variables affecting GPC simulation. The number of dry days during the early growth stages and the leaf area index (LAI; green leaf area per unit ground surface area) at heading stage (LAI5) were identified as the main variables positively correlated with CERES-wheat predicted GPC, and so included in the SFIpro. At validation against observed data SFIpro was found to perform differently on the basis of observed plant LAI. In fact, SFIpro was able to forecast GPC variability for intermediate values of LAI5 ranging from 1 to 2, while it totally failed when LAI5 was outside this range (LAI5 < 1 or LAI5 > 2). The results suggest that the relationship between LAI and GPC is not linear and that the model assumptions for GPC simulation in CERES-wheat are only partially confirmed, being valid for an intermediate range of LAI.

Genetic Relationship between Kernel Discoloration and Grain Protein Concentration in Barley

Crop Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1671-1679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo C. Canci ◽  
Lexingtons M. Nduulu ◽  
Ruth Dill‐Macky ◽  
Gary J. Muehlbauer ◽  
Donald C. Rasmusson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationship ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration ◽  
Kernel Discoloration
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