Prediction of lean content in the carcasses of beef cattle. I. From measurements of wholesale carcasses

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-516
Author(s):  
L. O. Fan ◽  
J. W. Wilton ◽  
W. R. Usborne ◽  
I. McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Physical Separation ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Lean Weight

Carcass data on 304 steers and 320 heifers from seven breed of dam groups were analyzed to test equations designed to predict lean content as weight and proportion in beef carcasses from measurements of the wholesale carcasses. Measurements included cold-carcass weight (CW), average backfat (AB) thickness, longissimus muscle (LM), semimembranosus (SM), semitendinosus (ST) and biceps femoris (BF) muscle areas, hip weight, marbling and other quality scores as indirect measures of composition. Actual lean weights and proportions were obtained from physical separation of fat, lean and bone from one side of the carcass. Prediction equations were obtained from the overall data and subpopulations by breed of sire–degree of finish combination, by sex and by breed of dam group. For predicting lean weight in the carcass, CW, LM and AB were the most important predictors. Addition of hip weight, SM and ST improved both precision and accuracy. For predicting proportion lean in the carcass, the addition of hip percentage, SM and ST to CW, LM and AB improved precision. The overall equation including these six independent variables supplied precise estimates (r2 of 0.93–0.97) of lean weight with little bias (average biases of −0.54 to 0.41 kg) for all subpopulations. Important biases in predicting lean proportion were observed from some breed of dam groups, indicating that an equation derived from an overall population cannot be used without error for all subpopulations of breed of dam groups. Key words: Beef, carcass, prediction, lean content, breed, sex

Prediction of lean content in the carcasses of beef cattle. II. From measurements of specific cuts

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. O. Fan ◽  
J. W. Wilton ◽  
W. R. Usborne ◽  
I. McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Prediction Equations ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Lean Weight ◽  
Carcass Cuts

Carcass data on 304 steers and 320 heifers from seven breed of dam groups were analyzed to test equations for predicting weight and proportion of lean content in beef carcasses from measurements of specific cuts. All dams were bred to Angus sires for first calving and to a Simmental sire for second and third calvings. Cattle by Angus sires were slaughtered at 10-mm backfat thickness evaluated ultrasonically; those by the Simmental sires at 7 mm. One side of each carcass was cut into eight cuts and separated into fat, lean and bone. Data were analyzed by multiple stepwise regression procedures. Prediction equations from each cut were obtained from the overall data and subpopulations by breed of sire, by sex and by breed of dam group. Cold-carcass weight accounted for the highest proportion of variation of lean weight in the side of the carcass, but it accounted for no more than 3% of the variation of proportion lean. Lean weight in hip and chuck, particularly in hip, was a most important predictor for estimating lean weight of the side. Total weights of each cut were also important predictors. Proportion lean in each cut alone was the strongest predictor of proportion lean in the carcass. Proportions of weights of cut in the carcass were also important predictors. Predictions of lean content (weight and proportion) in the carcass from dissected cuts of chuck and hip provided the most precise estimates. Average biases for breed of sire–degree of finish combinations, sex or breed of dam group were relatively small when an overall equation based on information from the hip was used. Key words: Beef, prediction of lean content, carcass, cuts, breed, sex

scholarly journals Studi Potensi Sampah dan Kandungan Residu Logam Berat pada Produk Sapi Potong yang Digembalakan di TPA Sampah “PUTRI CEMPO” Surakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eka Handayanta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Cattle Feeding

<p>The aim of this research is to determine the potential of rubbish (quantity and quality) as cattle feeding and the heavy metal residues especialy Pb and Hg in beef cattle product (meat and viceral organ) wich is grazing in refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta.<br />The experiment have been carried out at refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta where samples taken for quantity and quality of organic rubbish and beef catlle product for determine of heavy metal residues (Pb and Hg) especialy on meat (biceps femoris), liver, kidney and intestine. <br />The result of this experiment indicated that organic rubbish at refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta on DM basic, since 2002 – 2006 amount of 47,778 – 54,372 thousants ton/year. While nutrient content such as crude protein 10,00-12,79%, extract eter 4,05 – 7,94%, crude fiber 18,42 – 22,20%, and ash 21,73 – 24,33%, respectively. Heavy metal residues on meat, liver, kidney and intestine, Pb at amount of 2,16- 2,68 ppm which is up of the Indonesia National Standart, SNI (2,0 ppm), and Hg at amount of 0,01 -0,02 it is below of SNI (0,03 ppm).<br />It could be concluded that higly potensitial of refusal place “Putri Cempo” Surakarta as catlle grazing. The other than, beef cattle product (meat) were not save for consumption.</p><p>Key words : rubbish, refusal place, plumbum, merkury, cattle</p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef cattle at slaughter and beef carcasses at retail shops in Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Abdissa ◽  
Woynshet Haile ◽  
Akafete Teklu Fite ◽  
Ashenafi Feyisa Beyi ◽  
Getahun E. Agga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Beef Carcasses

scholarly journals Pemotongan Sapi Betina Produktif di Rumah Potong Hewan di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Nur Rasminati
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words

<div class="WordSection1"><p><em>The research was conducted to know the number of the productive female beef cattle slaughtering at abattoir in DIY. All of the beef cattle which slaughtered along a month were used in this research. The result showed that the number of productive beef cattle slaughtered  up to 2 years old were 28.98%; 2 – 5 years old were 69.55%; more than 5 years old were 1.44%. The female beef cattle slaughtered were 54.58% and the male beef cattle slaughtered were 32.36%. The non productive beef cattle slaughtered were 13.04% including 5.79% male and 7.24% female. The Peranakan Ongole (PO) breed slaughtered was 60.36% (125 heads), Brahman Cross 16.42% (34 heads), Simmental 15.94% (33 heads), Brangus 2.42% (5 heads), Limousine 4.35% (9 heads) and PFH 0.48% (1 heads). The percentage of productive beef cattle slaughtering were 86.95% with female beef productive were 64.25% and the PO breed at 2 – 5 years old were the most slaughtered. It could be concluded that the productive female beef cattle slaughtering at abattoir in DIY was quite high, which may influence the breed resources of beef cattle.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Key words : Productive beef cattle, slaughtering, abattoir, Yogyakarta</em></p></div><em><br clear="all" /> </em>

Development of the laser remote caliper as a method to estimate surface area and body weight in beef cattle

SURG Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-72
Author(s):  
Sarah Core ◽  
Stephen Miller ◽  
Matthew Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Side View ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Area And Volume

Linear measurements combined with surface area and volume calculations were used to develop formulas to estimate body weight (BW) in beef cattle. These measurements were evaluated directly or estimated using a laser remote caliper (LRC) and digital imaging software. Seventy-two dry, late gestation beef cows aged 3-13 years were measured and weighed Six measurements for each cow were taken; the cattle were weighed, a body condition score (BCS) was assigned, heart girth (HG), hip width (HW), and hip height (HH) were measured directly and 3 digital pictures were taken. The digital pictures portrayed three different views; side view (restrained), rear view (restrained), and side view (free-stall). Body length, HW, HH, surface area and volume were indirectly calculated from the digital images. For each view a complete (C-) formula (direct and indirect measures) and remote (R-) formula (only indirect measures) to estimate BW was developed. The R-squared values 0.7459, 0.7937, 0.8078, 0.5016, 0.611, 0.5553 were attained for C-side view free-stall, C-side view (restrained), C-rear view (restrained), R-side view free-stall, R-side view (restrained), and R-rear view (restrained). The accuracy of these formulas was 81% on average. BCS, HG and HW were the most significant factors when developing a formula for BW (p-value < 0.001). Side view (restrained) image measurements were most accurate in estimating BW. These measurements were highly correlated with the direct measurements and digital linear body measurements were not distorted (due to poor posture/positioning) as seen with the other views. The results or this study show that linear measurements collected by digital imaging methods can be a useful tool for estimating BW.

scholarly journals Effect of muscle anatomical location on fatty acid composition of beaver (Castor fiber) females

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 106-111
Author(s):  
Violeta Razmaite ◽  
Vidmantas Pileckas ◽  
Violeta Juškiene
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Castor Fiber ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Thrombogenic Index

Ten beaver (Castor fiber) females were used in the experiment. The samples were excised from a different anatomical location of each beaver carcass used in the study: m. longissimus dorsi (LD), m. triceps brachii (shoulder), m. biceps femoris (thigh). Thigh muscles were characterized by the highest percentage of free fat followed by longissimus muscle and shoulder. The total proportions of saturated (SFA), monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated (PUFA), including many individual fatty acids, were affected by the muscle anatomical location. The fattiest thigh had the most favourable and highest PUFA/SFA, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic (h/H) and lowest n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios, and the lowest thrombogenic index. Despite the fact that the leanest m. triceps brachii had the highest proportions of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, the n-6/n-3PUFA ratio was the lowest compared with the muscles from other anatomical locations and showed lower atherogenic index compared with a more fatty longissimus muscle.

THE EFFECTS OF CARCASS GRADE AND SEX ON THE LEAN CONTENT OF BEEF CARCASSES

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
A. K. W. TONG ◽  
W. M. ROBERTSON
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Pricing Policies ◽  
Content Variation ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness

Heifer (n = 82) and steer (n = 89) carcasses were compared for lean content at the same grade (Canada A1 or A2), or at the same depth of average rib fat thickness within a grade (8.5 or 12.1 mm). Lean content for A1 grade carcasses was found to average 63.3% with a range from 55.6 to 69.2%. The corresponding figures for A2 grade carcasses were 60.0% lean and a range from 53.7 to 66.2%. A1 grade steer carcasses were found to contain 1.7% more lean than A1 grade heifer carcasses, but this difference was reduced to 1.2% when the comparison was made at an equal depth of subcutaneous fat thickness. There were no sex differences in lean content for A2 grade carcasses. The results are discussed with reference to lean content variation in existing carcass grades and pricing policies for heifer and steer carcasses of the same carcass grade. Key words: Beef, carcasses, steer, heifer, composition, grade

Associations of melanocortin 1 receptor genotype with growth and carcass traits in beef cattle

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim L McLean ◽  
Sheila M Schmutz
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Red Pigment ◽  
Melanocortin 1 Receptor ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Melanocortin 4 Receptor ◽  
Main Gene ◽  
Fat Level

Melanocortin 1 Receptor (MC1R) is considered to be the main gene controlling the production of eumelanin or phaeomelanin, resulting in black or red coat colour of cattle. The recessive red allele, e, codes for a nonfunctional receptor, which does not bind the agonist alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), allowing for the production of phaeomelanin, or red pigment, whereas the dominant ED allele binds α-MSH leading to the production of eumelanin. We hypothesized that black cattle would have more α-MSH bound to MC1R, which could result in more α-MSH binding to the appetite suppressing receptor, Melanocortin 4 Receptor. We genotyped 328 crossbred steers of various colours that were purchased at weaning and fed until slaughter. Black cattle of ED/ED or ED/e genotype had increased back fat and required significantly fewer days (15-25) on feed to reach a target fat level for slaughter than the red cattle. Red cattle of e/e genotype were found to have a significantly larger longissimus dorsi (l. dorsi), shipping weight and hot carcass weight. Differences were comparable whether black versus red coat colour or MC1R genotype were used as the criteria for the group of cattle. Key words: Coat colour, MC4R, MC1R, α-MSH, shipping weight

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