scholarly journals Effect of formaldehyde-treated barley or escape protein on nutrient digestibility, growth and carcass traits of feedlot lambs

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin ◽  
L. A. McClelland ◽  
K.-J. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Corn Distillers

One hundred and three lambs were fed three isonitrogenous diets: formaldehyde-treated barley (0.11% wt wt−1) with canola meal; untreated barley with corn distillers' grain and fishmeal (escape protein); and untreated barley with canola meal (control). Formaldehyde treatment did not affect ADG, whereas escape protein increased (P < 0.05) ADG of lambs by 5.3%. Carcass traits of lambs from all diets were similar, although kidney fat was reduced (P < 0.05) in lambs fed formaldehyde-treated barley. A digestibility trial with six lambs (32.6 ± 2.4 kg) showed that DM intake and digestion of DM, organic matter, nitrogen and starch were similar among diets. DE was 3.8% lower (P < 0.05) for the formaldehyde-treated diet than the mean of the other two diets. ME was 5.4% lower (P < 0.07) for the formaldehyde-treated barley than for the control diet. Digestion of NDF was 7.3% higher (P < 0.07) in the escape protein diet compared with the control diet. Treatment of barley with 0.11% (wt wt−1) formaldehyde lowered the DE of barley and did not increase the growth rate or improve the feed efficiency of feedlot lambs. Key words: Sheep, escape protein, fishmeal, formaldehyde, barley

Effect of carbohydrase supplementation of wheat- and canola-meal-based diets on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in group-housed weaned pigs

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Zijlstra ◽  
S. Li ◽  
A. Owusu-Asiedu ◽  
P. H. Simmins ◽  
J. F. Patience
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Digesta Viscosity

Fibrous components in canola meal and wheat limit their effective use in diets for weaned pigs. Effects of supplementing a carbohydrase (845 and 327 Units g-1 xylanase and β-glucanase) to a wheat-canola meal diet on growth performance, small intestine nutrient digestibility and digesta viscosity were investigated. Ninety-six weaned pigs (7.2 ± 1.2 kg) had free access to control diet [65% wheat, 25% canola meal; 3.15 Mcal digestible energy (DE) kg-1, 10.6 g digestible lysine kg-1] or control diet supplemented with carbohydrase at three inclusion rates (1, 2, or 4 g kg-1) for 28 d. Four pigs were housed per pen for six pens per diet. On days 19 to 21, six pigs per diet were euthanised to collect small intestine digesta. Carbohydrase increased average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) quadratically (P < 0.01) for days 1 to 28, resulting in 16% higher ADFI and 13% higher ADG for 2 g kg-1 carbohydrase compared to control. Carbohydrase did not affect feed efficiency (P > 0.10). The ADG was positively correlated to ADFI (r = 0.94; P < 0.01), but not to feed efficiency (P > 0.10). Carbohydrase did not affect digestibility of dry matter (DM) and energy (P > 0.10). Carbohydrase at 4 g kg-1 only reduced digesta viscosity 30% in the distal small intestine compared to control (P < 0.05). Carbohydrase supplementation increased ADFI and thereby ADG, but not feed efficiency and nutrient digestibility, suggesting that reduction of dietary fibrous components using carbohydrase may stimulate voluntary feed intake of pigs fed diets limiting in DE. Key words: Carbohydrase, canola meal, wheat, pig, feed intake, digestibility

Effect of salinomycin and enzyme supplementation on nutrient digestibility and the performance of pigs fed barley- or rye-based diets

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Thacker ◽  
G. L. Campbell ◽  
J. W. D. GrootWassink
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Beta Glucanase ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

Two experiments of a factorial design (sex × treatment) were conducted to determine the effects of enzyme and salinomycin supplementation on the nutritive value of barley or rye-based diets for growing pigs fed from approximately 20 to 85 kg. For exp. 1, 72 crossbred pigs were fed either a barley-based control diet or a similar diet supplemented with enzyme (Aspergillus niger; 750 units g−1 beta-glucanase and 650 units g−1 pentosanase), salinomycin (25 ppm) or both additives in combination. For exp. 2, two replicates of 48 pigs were fed either a barley-based diet, an unsupplemented rye-based diet or a rye-based diet supplemented with enzyme, salinomycin or both additives. During both experiments, chromic oxide (0.5%) was added to the diet of four to six pigs/treatment to act as a digestibility indicator starting when the pigs reached 42 kg. Neither enzyme nor salinomycin, alone or in combination, significantly improved the growth rate or feed efficiency of pigs fed barley or rye. Supplementation of barley with the combination of additives significantly (P < 0.05) improved protein digestibility while neither enzyme nor salinomycin had any effect on nutrient digestibility when fed alone. In rye-based diets, salinomycin, both alone and in combination, significantly (P < 0.05) improved the digestibility of crude protein and energy. Dry matter digestibility of the rye-based diets was unaffected by treatment. Key words: Swine, rye, barley, beta-glucanase, pentosanase, salinomycin

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Carcass Traits Responses to Dried Distillers’ Grain with Solubles Feeding of Growing Awassi Ram Lambs

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safa’ M. Hatamleh ◽  
Belal S. Obeidat
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Dried Distillers Grain ◽  
The Impact

This study considers the impact of dried distillers’ grain with solubles (DDGS) in diets of lambs. Randomly; 27 lambs were distributed to one of three diets. Diets were: a control diet (CON; n = 9), a 125 (DDGS125; n = 9) or a 250 g/kg DDGS (DDGS250; n = 9) of dietary dry matter (DM). The lambs were fed using these diets for 91 days. To assess carcass traits; five lambs were randomly selected at the end of the study. No significant differences were detected in intake and digestibility of DM; crude protein and fiber. Average daily gain did not differ among diets. Carcass characteristics did not differ among diets. With the exception of shear force and redness, which were greater in DDGS250 than in DDGS125 and CON diets, meat quality parameters were unaffected. Eye muscle area decreased in DDGS125 than in DDGS250 and CON diet. These results demonstrate that the feeding of lambs on DDGS at 125 or 250 g/kg DM did not have any impact on growth. These diets only had a simple effect on the characteristics of carcass and meat quality. These results suggest that it would be suitable to introduce these feeds into sheep nutrition in the future.

scholarly journals Feed efficiency and carcass traits of feedlot lambs supplemented either monensin or increasing doses of copaiba (Copaifera spp.) essential oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 110-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.V. Moura ◽  
E.R. Oliveira ◽  
A.R.M. Fernandes ◽  
A.M.A. Gabriel ◽  
L.H.X. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Feedlot Lambs

Effects of a beta-adrenergic agonist (L-644,969) on performance and carcass traits of growing lambs in a cold environment

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Z. Li ◽  
R. J. Christopherson ◽  
B. T. Li ◽  
J. A. Moibi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Beta Agonist ◽  
Cold Environment ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Beta Adrenergic Agonist

A 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to study the effects of the beta-adrenergic agonist L-644,969 (BAA, supplied at 0.28 vs. 0 mg kg−0.75 d−1) on growth performance, carcass traits and nitrogen balance of lambs at two environmental temperatures (0°C vs. 20 °C). Sixteen Suffolk-Cross wether lambs (30.2 ± 2.06 kg BW) were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to each of four experimental treatments (20 °C with control diet; 20 °C with BAA-supplemented diet; 0 °C with control diet; and 0 °C with BAA-supplemented diet) for 5 wk. The collection period for nitrogen balance was 4 d during the 4th week of treatment. The low temperature decreased efficiency of feed utilization and increased backfat thickness by 20.8% (P < 0.01) and 35.1% (P < 0.05), respectively. L-644,969, on the other hand, increased daily gain, feed efficiency and hot carcass weight by 22.5% (P < 0.05), 17.2% (P < 0.05) and 9.6% (P < 0.05,) respectively. Dressing percentage (P < 0.01), biceps femoris weight (P < 0.01) and rib eye area (P < 0.01) were also increased, but abdominal fat expressed as a percentage of liveweight (P < 0.05) was significantly decreased by BAA treatment. The improved weight gain, muscle weight and ribeye area in response to BAA, and in the absence of an increase in total nitrogen retention, indicate that the responses are due to nutrient repartitioning. Temperature did not impair the nutrient repartitioning effect of BAA, but feed efficiency may be more improved by BAA for the animals in the cold environment. Key words: Performance, carcass traits, beta-agonist, temperature, lambs

PSIII-14 The influence of dietary barley supplementation on American Wagyu feedlot performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 289-289
Author(s):  
Briana V Tangredi ◽  
Meghan P Thorndyke ◽  
Octavio Guimaraes ◽  
Rebecca K Barrington ◽  
Shaniece M Borgerding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Corn Distillers ◽  
Corn Grain

Abstract Eighty-nine American Wagyu steers were used to evaluate the effects of dietary barley supplementation on feedlot performance. We hypothesized that barley supplementation would increase ADG compared to non-supplemented control animals. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design. Steers were blocked by initial body weight (BW) and randomly assigned within block to one of two treatments. Treatments consisted of 1) Control (no supplemental barley) and 2) Control diet + 0.9 kg∙animal-1∙d-1 of supplemental barley. Steers were housed in feedlot pens (all pens contained n = 4 steers/pen with the exception of one Control pen that contained n=5 steers; 11 replicates/treatment; experimental unit = pen) and fed a traditional American Wagyu finishing diet (DM basis: 68.42% DM, 14.33% CP; TDN: 74.76%, NEg: 1.16 Mcal/kg, 5.25% EE) for 270d. The basal diet consisted of grass hay, corn silage, cracked corn grain, soybean meal, corn distillers grain, white salt, ground limestone, and olive byproduct. Diets were fed once daily in the morning and barely was top dressed to the appropriate pens, immediately after the basal diet was delivered. Steers were individually weighed on d -1 and 0, and approximately every 28 days throughout the 270d experiment. Data were analyzed using a mixed effects model (PROC MIXED, SAS) for a completely randomized block design. Initial pen BW was used as a covariate in the statistical analysis of all performance data and significance was determined at P ≤ 0.05. Initial and final BW, ADG, DMI, and feed:gain were similar across treatments. Therefore, under the conditions of this experiment, these data suggest that barley supplementation for 270d to American Wagyu cattle did not impact overall animal performance.

Effect of formaldehyde-treated barley or escape protein on the ruminal environment and digestion in steers

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
L. M. Rode ◽  
K.-J. Cheng ◽  
J. G. Buchanan-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Distillers Grain ◽  
Corn Distillers ◽  
Foam Production

Six Holstein steers fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulae were fed three diets: formaldehyde-treated rolled barley (0.11% wt wt−1) with canola meal (FTB); untreated rolled barley supplemented with corn distillers' grain and fishmeal (EPB); and untreated rolled barley with canola meal (CON). Foam production from ruminal fluid did not differ among diets. Mean viscosity of ruminal fluid from steers fed FTB was lower (P < 0.02) than rumen fluid from steers fed CON. Ruminal fluid pH of steers fed FTB was lower 2 h after feeding than in steers fed the EPB or CON diets. FTB led to lower (P < 0.02) ruminal ammonia concentrations 1 and 2 h after feeding and lower (P < 0.1) plasma urea nitrogen concentrations 4 h after feeding compared to EPB or CON diets. FTB and EPB tended to lower the ruminal concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) associated with microbial amino acid metabolism. Intake, ruminal and postruminal digestion of DM, OM, starch and NDF were not influenced by diet. While EPB had no effect on total tract digestion, FTB increased (P < 0.1) total tract digestibility of starch and decreased (P < 0.1) the digestibility of NDF. EPB increased (P < 0.05) the supply of dietary protein and decreased the supply of microbial protein reaching the small intestine. FTB did not increase the amount of total nitrogen or starch reaching the small intestine of steers. Key words: Cattle, escape protein, starch, formaldehyde, barley

scholarly journals Performance of weaned male rabbits fed varied levels of dietary fumonisin B1

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
E. O Ewuola ◽  
F. A Gbore ◽  
J. T Ogunlade ◽  
G. N Egbunike
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Fumonisin B1 ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dietary Treatments

In a six-week feeding trial, a total of 48 crossbred weaned male rabbits of 7 weeks old were randomly allotted to four dietary treatments, with 12 replicates per treatment to determine growth indices and nutrient digestibility of rabbits fed fumonisin-contaminated diets. Maize grains contaminated with fumonisin B1 were incorporated into rabbit diets excluding the control diet (treatment 1, 0.13mgKg-1), at varied inclusion levels of 5.0mgKg-1, 7.5mgKg-1 and 10.0mgKg-1 fumonisin B1, constituting treatments 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The results showed that the average final live weight of rabbits fed treatments 3 and 4 were significantly (P<0.05) lower than those fed treatment 2 and the control. The average daily dry matter intake of the animals fed the dietary treatments was not significantly different. The mean daily weight gain of rabbits fed 5.0mgkg-1, 7.5mgKg-1 and 10.0mgKg-1 however declined significantly (P<0.05) by 91.23, 83.92 and 81.88% respectively, relative to the mean daily weight gain of 12.31g/rabbit/day of animals fed the control diet. The result further showed that digestibility of the nutrients of the experimental diets except crude protein, were similar among the treatments. The crude protein digestibility of rabbits fed 7.5mgKg-1and 10.0mgKg-1 were identical but significantly (P<0.05) lower than those fed 5.0mgKg-1 and the control diet. This suggests inhibition of nitrogen utilization and depressed performance in the animals fed diets containing ≥ 5.0mg fumonisin B1/Kg. Diets containing up to 7.5 mg fumonisin B1/Kg will depress live weight and daily weight gain as a result of reduced protein utilization in weaned rabbits.  

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE AND QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE CARCASS TRAITS IN PIGS FED ON CANOLA MEAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-741
Author(s):  
LINA MARÍA PEÑUELA SIERRA ◽  
IVAN MOREIRA ◽  
PAULO LEVI DE OLIVEIRA CARVALHO ◽  
ADRIANA GOMEZ GALLEGO ◽  
LAURA MARCELA DIAZ HUEPA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Probability Level ◽  
Dunnett's Test ◽  
Crossbred Pigs

ABSTRACT Two experiments were performed for the purpose of determining the nutritional value and assess the performance and carcass traits in pigs fed on canola meal (Brassica napus). Experiment I consisted of a total digestibility trial conducted with 14 castrated commercial crossbred male pigs with 60.69 ± 4.26 kg initial live weight. The treatments consisted of a control diet based on maize and soybean meal and another diet containing canola meal (control + 25% canola meal). Each pig was an experimental unit, totalling seven experimental units per diet. The digestible energy and the metabolizable energy of canola meal used was 2,999 and 2,730 kcal.kg-1, respectively. These values were used to formulate the diets of the performance experiment. Experiment II included 50 crossbred pigs with an average initial live weight of 29.90 ± 1.16 kg and an average final live weight of 60.33 ± 3.38 kg during the growing phase, and an average initial live weight of 60.37 ± 1.6 kg and an average final live weight of 90.37 ± 3.19 kg during the finishing phase. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four treatments (6, 12, 18, and 24% canola meal), 10 repetitions, and one pig per experimental unit. The control diet was formulated with 0% canola meal. The data were assessed using ANOVA test and the averages of the treatments were compared using Dunnett's test and regression analysis at a 5% probability level. The results suggest that it is possible to use up to 24% canola meal in the diets for pigs during the growing and finishing phases without affecting the performance and carcass traits.

EFFECTS OF CANOLA MEAL ON ABSORPTION AND TISSUE LEVELS OF TRACE MINERALS IN RATS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. KEITH ◽  
J. M. BELL
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trace Minerals ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Mustard Meal ◽  
Iron And Manganese

The possibility that supplemental trace minerals (TM) might be less available in the presence of canola meal (CM) compared with other protein sources was investigated using growing rats fed a barley-wheat (BW) diet alone or with 20% added CM, soybean meal or ammoniated mustard meal for 28 d. A purified diet was used as a control diet. Femur Zn concentrations were lowest (P < 0.05) in rats fed the BW + CM diet (306 μg g−1femur ash) followed by the BW diet (329 μg g−1); both groups showed lower Zn levels than for all other diets (control diet 345 μg g−1). Plasma Zn concentrations were lowest (P < 0.05) in rats fed the BW + CM diet (1.07 vs. 1.35 μg mL−1 for control diet). Differences in concentrations of copper, iron or manganese in plasma and liver were minor. Apparent absorption of Zn from the BW and BW + CM diets tended to be less than from the other diets. Some differences were observed in weight gains and feed efficiency but were apparently unrelated to a TM deficiency. The results indicated that while dietary levels of copper, iron and manganese were adequate, there was evidence of a marginal deficiency of Zn particularly in the BW + CM diet, a result of reduced availability of supplemental Zn due to the CM in the diet. Key words: Trace mineral, zinc, canola meal, rat

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