Rate of starch degradation, apparent digestibility and rate and efficiency of steer gain as influenced by barley grain volume-weight and processing method

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. Mathison ◽  
B. K. Kerrigan ◽  
I. Vlach ◽  
R. Hironaka ◽  
L. P. Milligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Grain Processing ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Grain Volume Weight ◽  
Barley Grains

The effects of barley grain volume-weight and processing method on rate of starch degradation, apparent digestibility, metabolizability and rate and efficiency of growth of steers were examined in a series of trials. The organic matter in an all-concentrate diet containing light barley grain (43 kg hL−1) was 2% less (P = 0.03) digestible than organic matter in diets containing heavier barley grains (59, 64 and 66 kg hL−1). No differences (P = 0.19) in methane production due to barley volume-weight were detected. Rates of gain (1.63–1.67 kg d−1, P = 0.90) and dry matter (DM) intakes (9.8–10.2 kg d−1, P = 0.52) of steers were not affected by including barley grains of differing volume-weights (43, 59 and 64 kg hL−1) in the diet of 90 growing-finishing steers. Steers fed the light barley had a 6% increase (P = 0.27) in DM:gain requirements in comparison with steers fed the two heavier barley grains. Steam-rolling barley in comparison with dry-rolling had no effect on either animal growth rate (1.66 versus 1.64 kg d−1, P = 0.84) or DM:gain ratio (6.15 versus 5.98, P = 0.40). Carcass characteristics were not influenced by grain type or grain processing method. Differences (P < 0.05) were detected in the rate of degradation of starch by amyloglucosidase among three barley grains. Starch in steam-rolled barley was degraded faster (P < 0.05) than starch in dry-rolled barley. Key words: Barley grain, steers, digestibility, gain, efficiency, starch degradation

scholarly journals Possibilities of using biofuel ash in the cultivation of spring barley

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Bunevičienė ◽  
Donata Drapanauskaitė ◽  
Romas Mažeika
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Heterogeneous Mixture ◽  
Zn And Cu In ◽  
Barley Grains ◽  
Additional Mineral

Wood biofuel ash is a complex and heterogeneous mixture of inorganic crystalline and amorphous minerals together with organic matter. Biofuel ash is usually enriched with K, P, Ca and Mg, which are essential macronutrients for plant growth. Currently, a large proportion of biofuel ash is disposed of in landfills. However, ash processed into granular products can be used as a stand-alone or additional mineral fertilizer in agriculture. The aim of the research is to determine the chemical composition of biofuel ash and evaluate its suitability for the production of ash granules; also to evaluate the yield of spring barley grain and straw fertilized with bulk and granular biofuel ash, and the correlation between the yield and the amount of K2O applied by different fertilization products. The experiment was carried out in 2017–2018. Concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd) and microelements (Zn and Cu) in wood biofuel ash did not exceed the permissible norms, and from them it was possible to produce fertilization products (ash granules) and use them in a vegetation experiment. During the experiment, it was found that the fertilization products significantly (P < 0.05) increased the yield of grown spring barley grains and straw in both years of the study, and the performed correlation regression analysis was positively strong in both years of the study (P < 0.01). The yield of spring barley increased with the increase of K2O content in fertilizer products.

scholarly journals Quality of Chopped Maize Can Be Improved by Processing

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1226
Author(s):  
Filip Jančík ◽  
Petra Kubelková ◽  
Dana Kumprechtová ◽  
Radko Loučka ◽  
Petr Homolka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Maize Hybrid ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Grain Processing

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different maize processing technologies, comparing treatments with conventional rollers (control), MCC MAX rollers and a Shredlage crop processor on the quality of chopped maize. All the three types of chopped maize were harvested on the same day from the same field where the same maize hybrid was grown. The chemical composition of chopped maize, degree of grain processing and particle size fractions, and the effect of the treatments on rumen disappearance of dry matter, organic matter, NDF and starch were assessed. The highest degree of grain processing was achieved with the Shredlage processor (79.2%), and at the same time this processing method had a tendency to produce the highest proportion of physically effective fibre (37.2%). Compared to the conventional rollers (control), the chopped maize produced using the Shredlage processor had higher disappearance of dry matter, organic matter and NDF after 48 h of rumen incubation and of starch after 24 h of incubation. The MCC MAX rollers provided higher disappearance of all nutrients compared to the control treatment after both 24 and 48 h of incubation.

Chemical characteristics and in situ ruminal parameters of barley for cattle: Comparison of the malting cultivar AC Metcalfe and five feed cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenton J Hart ◽  
Brian G Rossnagel ◽  
Peiqiang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
In Situ Degradation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pass Through

The objective of this study was to compare the most widely grown barley cultivar in Canada, AC Metcalfe, a malting type barley, with five feed cultivars. Barley cultivars were grown at one location during 3 consecutive years and barley samples were milled to pass through a 1-mm screen and analysed to determine nutritive value. Additional samples were passed through a roller mill with a gap set at 1.12 mm and incubated ruminally for 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h in 3 dry Holstein cows fitted with rumen cannulae. The rate and extent of rumen digestion were estimated. AC Metcalfe had a higher (P < 0.001) concentration of NDF, and lower (P < 0.05) concentrations of non structural carbohydrates, starch, ADF, total digestible nutrients, and fermentable cell wall carbohydrates compared with the mean of the feed cultivars. The malting cultivar had a higher (P < 0.001) soluble DM fraction, lower (P < 0.05) CP and starch degradation rates, and a lower (P < 0.001) ruminally degradable starch concentration compared with the mean of the five feed cultivars. The results demonstrate that there are only small differences in terms of chemical composition and in situ degradation kinetics between the malting cultivar AC Metcalfe and the five feed cultivars of barley reported here. Key words: Barley, energy, protein, ruminants

scholarly journals Introducing Mediterranean Lupins in Lambs’ Diets: Effects on Growth and Digestibility

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 942
Author(s):  
Mariana Almeida ◽  
Sofia Garcia-Santos ◽  
Ana Nunes ◽  
Sara Rito ◽  
Jorge Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Livestock Feeding

Lupins are suitable candidates to replace soybean meal in livestock feeding in the Mediterranean area, presenting a solution for the European Union’s dependence on soybean importations. This study aimed to assess the effect of incorporating Lupinus albus and Lupinus luteus into Churra da Terra Quente lambs’ diets on growth performance and digestibility. Two trials were conducted over two years. In trial 1, two experimental diets containing 50 g/kg Lupinus albus and 50 g/kg Lupinus luteus were tested. In trial 2, lambs were fed with diets containing higher incorporations of Lupinus luteus (100, 150, and 200 g/kg: LL10, LL15, and LL20, respectively). Total dry matter, hay dry matter, and crude protein intake were calculated, as well as average daily gains. At the end of the growth trials, dry matter, organic matter, and NDF digestibility was determined. Incorporating 50 g/kg of lupins did not affect (p > 0.05) the performance. Lambs fed on LL20 diets presented the lowest HDMI and CPI values (p < 0.05). The highest intakes (p < 0.05) were observed from LL15 lambs. No differences were found in apparent digestibility coefficients between diets (p > 0.05), except for NDF digestibility which was highest (p < 0.05) for LL20. The optimum level of lupin inclusion in lambs’ diets seems to be 150 g/kg.

scholarly journals Nutrient absorption in lambs fed diets containing different amounts of phosphorus

2013 ◽  
pp. 3444-3451
Author(s):  
René Patiño P ◽  
Tanimara Soares da Silva ◽  
José C. Da Silva Filho ◽  
Mohamed Emad Nasser ◽  
Dorinha Smith Vitti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Absorption Coefficients ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Reliable Parameter

ABSTRACTObjective. Evaluate the effect of increasing P intake on nutrient digestibility, and compare the true and apparent absorption coefficients of P and Ca in lambs. Materials and methods. Twenty-four Santa Ines sheep, with an average weight of 33.6 ± 1.6 kg, were distributed into four treatments (0, 2, 4 and 6 g/day of supplementary P) with forage: concentrate ratio of 70:30. The study of apparent nutrient digestibility was conducted during the first week, using the total feces collection method. During the second week, after injection of 7.4 MBq of 32P and 7.7 MBq of 45Ca, apparent (AAC) and true (TAC) absorption coefficients of P and Ca were determined. The lambs were kept in metabolic cages. Results. The increase in P intake did not affect (p>0.05) dry matter, crude protein, NDF or ADF digestibility, but the TAC of P and Ca and mineral matter digestibility decreased. The AAC was not affected (p=0.10). A cubic relationship was observed between P intake and TAC (TAC=2.16–1.95X+0.55X2-0.04X3; R2=0.38) and linear relationship with the TAC of Ca (TAC=0.559–0.03X; R2=0.26). TAC and AAC values were different (p<0.001). Conclusions. The increase in P intake doesn’t impact organic matter digestibility, but does affect P and Ca absorption. Apparent digestibility is not a reliable parameter to determine the efficiency of P and Ca absorption.

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