The effect of castration age, method and implant regime on growth and carcass traits of male beef cattle

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. H. Cohen ◽  
B. D. King ◽  
H. H. Nicholson ◽  
E. D. Janzen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Growing Period

In 1984–1985 and 1985–1986 groups of 136 and 127 male calves were used to assess the effects of multiple implants (Ralgro and Steeroid), castration time (early and late) and castration method (surgical and chemical) on growth to weaning and feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Ralgro increased calf rate of gain to weaning (P < 0.05) and adjusted weaning weight (P < 0.01) but did not affect rate of gain during the feedlot period. Although Ralgro increased (P < 0.001) weight at slaughter, it took longer (P < 0.05) for implanted cattle to reach Canada A1 than unimplanted cattle. Steeroid did not affect rate of gain to weaning but did increase (P < 0.05) adjusted weaning weight. Steeroid increased (P < 0.05) rate of gain relative to unimplanted cattle during the growing period in the feedlot and cattle implanted four times from birth to slaughter gained more (P < 0.05) than cattle implanted twice (birth and weaning). For the entire feedlot period, bulls receiving Steeroid gained faster (P < 0.05) than unimplanted bulls with no difference (P > 0.05) between implant groups (two or four implants). Ralgro implants increased (P < 0.05) carcass weight, rib-eye area and cutability while Steeroid increased (P < 0.05) only carcass weight. However, when rib-eye area was adjusted for carcass weight, the effect of Ralgro was not significant (P > 0.05). Bulls had greater (P < 0.05) shipping weight, carcass weight, rib-eye area, dressing percent and cutability than steers. Age at castration (early or late) had no effect on feedlot performance or carcass traits while method of castration (surgical or chemical) had some effects (P < 0.05) on ADG, liveweight, carcass weight and rib-eye area. Key words: Castration, Ralgro, Steeroid, beef, growth, carcass

A study of growth and carcass traits in dehorned and polled composite bulls

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
M. A. Price ◽  
M. F. Liu ◽  
R. T. Berg ◽  
C. M. Erichsen
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight

Phenotypically dehorned (genetically horned) and polled bulls were similar for birth, weaning weight, pre- and post-weaning ADG, carcass weight, grade fat, marbling, rib-eye area, cutability and carcass grade. Polled bulls had higher (P < 0.02) fat over the rib-eye compared with dehorned. The similarity in growth and a majority of carcass traits between polled and horned, would suggest that breeding for polledness may be recommended to eliminate horns. Key words: Dehorned, polled, growth, carcass traits, bulls

Slaughter and carcass traits of calves from first-cross and reciprocal back-cross beef cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Newman ◽  
A. K. W. Tong ◽  
S. D. M. Jones ◽  
G. W. Rahnefeld ◽  
D. R. C. Bailey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Back Cross ◽  
Breed Type ◽  
Bone Content

Breed-of-dam and sex-of-calf effects are reported based on observation of 2007 heifer and steer carcasses. The carcasses were derived from Limousin-sired calves born to dams representing 15 F1 and backcross genotypes reared at two locations over a period of 5 yr. The calves represented Hereford × Angus, Charolais × Shorthorn, Simmental × Shorthorn and all backcross combinations involving Charolais or Simmental with Hereford, Angus or Shorthorn. Carcass traits were analyzed on an unadjusted, a constant hot-carcass weight, and a constant rib-fat depth basis. The slaughter criteria dictated that steers were heavier at slaughter than heifers. They also exhibited higher dressing yield, greater longissimus thoracis area, and lower fat depth. Charolais and Simmental breeding was associated with less rib fat depth, greater longissimus thoracis area, a higher proportion of preferred cuts, less dissectible fat, more bone and more lean in the preferred cuts than British beef breeding. Within the European (Charolais and Simmental) and British beef (Hereford, Angus and Shorthorn) breed groups, breed effects were smaller, but for carcass composition traits they were frequently significant. When compared with Simmental, Charolais breeding tended to be associated with less marbling, less rib fat depth, less dissectible fat and more lean in the preferred cuts. Among the British beef breeds, Hereford was associated with the highest proportion of preferred cuts, Shorthorn with the lowest rib fat depth — but the highest dissectible fat — and Angus with the most marbling, the greatest longissimus thoracis area and the lowest bone content. This research has demonstrated that breed effects for carcass composition traits tend to be additive and that a significant effect may be associated with substitution of as little as one-eighth of the breed composition. Key words: Beef cattle, slaughter traits, carcass traits, breed type, crossbred dam, backcross dam

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF BREED OF SIRE AND BREED OF DAM OF COW ON CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE-WAY CROSS BEEF CATTLE REARED AT TWO LOCATIONS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
G. M. WEISS ◽  
J. A. NEWMAN ◽  
J. E. LAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Carcass Cuts

Carcass characteristics of 3673 steers and heifers born over a 6-yr period 1973–1978 at Brandon, Manitoba (farm conditions) and Manyberries, Alberta (range conditions) were compared. Calves weaned at Manyberries were fed and evaluated at Lacombe. The progeny were out of 10 specific F1 crosses of dams mated to bulls of the Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L) and Chianina (Chi) breeds. Dam crosses included the Hereford × Angus (HA) and crosses sired by C, S and L sires out of H, A and Shorthorn (N) dams. Breed of sire of dam effects indicated that progeny from S cross cows generally had the heaviest carcasses S = C > L, the greatest carcass weight per day of age S = C > L, the highest percentage of dissected bone of the round S > C > L and rib S > C = L, the highest proportions of brisket S > L > C and flank S > L = C, and carried more kidney fat (percent liveweight) S > C = L and average rib fat S > C = L. Progeny from Limousin and Charolais cross cows had the highest dressing percentage [Formula: see text] and rib eye area/100 kg carcass wieght L > C > S while those from Limousin cross cows had the highest proportion of long loin and the combined lean cuts (rib, round and long loin) a higher percentage of dissected lean in the round L > C > S and the highest lean-to-bone ratio L > C > S. Progeny from dams of Shorthorn breeding generally had the heaviest carcasses, the greatest carcass weight per day of age, the highest percentage kidney fat and at Brandon the greatest proportions of plate and brisket. Hereford cross dams consistently produced progeny with the highest percentage head H = A > N, hide [Formula: see text], feet H > A = N, percentage bone in the long loin [Formula: see text], round [Formula: see text], and rib [Formula: see text], and the highest percentage lean in the long loin H > N (Brandon) and chuck H > N (Brandon). The progeny from Angus cross dams carried the greatest average rib fat [Formula: see text], had the greatest rib eye area/100 kg carcass weight [Formula: see text], the highest percentage lean in the round [Formula: see text], and the highest lean to bone ratio A > H = N. Key words: Cattle, breeds, carcass, cuts, composition

GENOTYPE × ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS FOR CARCASS TRAITS OF BACKCROSS BULLS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 549-556
Author(s):  
T. A. VAN LUNEN ◽  
F. X. AHERNE
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Beef Carcass

The effects of station of origin, station of test and genotype × environment interactions were evaluated for carcass characteristics of 121 backcross bulls. The results suggest that station of origin, station of test and genotype × environment interactions are not of any major importance in planning of breeding programs, performance tests and transfer of beef cattle with respect to carcass traits. Key words: Cattle (beef), carcass traits, genotype × environment interactions

Heritability and correlation estimates of Warner-Bratzler shear force and carcass traits from Angus-, Charolais-, Hereford-, and Simmental-sired cattle

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Minick ◽  
M. E. Dikeman ◽  
E. J. Pollak ◽  
D. E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Ribeye Area

Heritabilities and correlations of Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), marbling score (MS), hot carcass weight (HCW),12–13th rib-fat (FAT), and ribeye area (REA) were calculated from 3360 Angus-, Charolais-, Hereford-, and Simmental-sired cattle in the C attleman’s Beef Board Carcass Merit Project. The heritabilities (± SE) for WBSF, MS, HCW, FAT, and REA were 0.34 ± 0.25, 0.43 ± 0.28, 0.73 ± 0.35, 0.16 ± 0.19, and 0.56 ± 0.31 in Angus; 0.43 ± 0.22, 0.30 ± 0.18, 0.21 ± 0.16, 0.35 ± 0.20, and 0.23 ± 0.16 in Charolais; 0.12 ± 0.11, 0.55 ± 0.22, 0.20 ± 0.14, 0.25 ± 0.15 and 0.34 ± 0.17 in Hereford; and 0.16 ± 0.14, 0.44 ± 0.20, 0.45 ± 0.20, 0.23 ± 0.16, and 0.30 ± 0.18 in Simmental. The genetic correlations, averaged across analysis type, for WBSF-MS, WBSF-HCW, WBSF-FAT, WBSF-REA, MS-HCW, MS-FAT, MS-REA, HCW-FAT, HCW-REA, and FAT-REA were -0.17, 0.32, -0.23, 0.30, 0.10, -0.17, 0.39, -0.15, 0.68, and -0.86 in Angus; -0.42, 0.77, 0.52, -0.05, -0.44, -0.22, -0.19, 0.66, -0.05, and -0.24 in Charolais; -0.43, -0.04, -0.33, 0.09, 0.08, 0.79, -0.14, -0.26, 0.50, and -0.38 in Hereford; and 0.55, 0.08, 0.62, -0.08, 0.30, 0.61, -0.14, 0.06, 0.65, and -0.48 in Simmental. Key words: Beef cattle, genetic parameters, carcass quality, tenderness

BREED OF TERMINAL SIRE EFFECTS ON CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE-WAY CROSS BEEF CATTLE REARED AT TWO LOCATIONS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. RAHNEFELD ◽  
H. T. FREDEEN ◽  
G. M. WEISS ◽  
J. A. NEWMAN ◽  
J. E. LAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Paired Comparisons ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Terminal Sire ◽  
Sire Breed ◽  
Carcass Cuts

Carcass characteristics of 3673 steers and heifers born over a 6-yr period (1973–1978) at Brandon, Manitoba (farm conditions) and Manyberries, Alberta (range conditions) were compared. Calves weaned at Manyberries were fed and evaluated at Lacombe. The progeny produced were out of 10 specific F1 crosses of dams mated to bulls of the Charolais (C), Simmental (S), Limousin (L) and Chianina (Chi) breeds. Dam crosses included the Hereford × Angus (HA) and crosses sired by C, S and L sires out of H, A and Shorthorn (N) dams. Terminal sire breed differences in the paired comparisons involving progeny of the Chi (the comparisons with maximum degrees of freedom) indicated that their carcass weight per day of age averaged 1.1% greater than C, 3.6% greater than S and 6.4% greater than L at both locations [Formula: see text]. Simmental progeny had significantly heavier (P = 0.0001) hide weights as a percentage of liveweight and significantly lower (P = 0.0001) dressing percentages than the progeny from C, L and Chi sires. Limousin and Chi-sired progeny had the lowest percentage of hide weight and the highest dressing percentage. Limousin progeny averaged 5.2% greater rib eye area/wt (cm2/kg) than Chi progeny P = 0.0001). Chianina progeny had the lowest proportions (percent of hot carcass weight) of long loin, rib, brisket and flank and the highest proportions of round and the combined trait of rib, round and long loin (P < 0.05). Chianina progeny had the highest percentage of lean in the rib, chuck and long loin while L-sired progeny had the highest percentage lean in the round. Chianina progeny had the highest and L progeny the lowest percentage bone in the rib, chuck, round and long loin. Limousin progeny had the highest lean:bone ratios but least percent lean per day of age at the long loin and round. At both locations significant terminal sire breed by year interactions were observed for all traits. The interactions of breed of dam by year, by sex, and by breed of sire and the interaction of year by sex were nonsignificant. Key words: Cattle, breeds, carcass, cuts, composition

Growth and carcass characteristics of three-way Africander multiply Simmental multiply Hereford crossbreds in south-western Queensland

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
JM Cavaye ◽  
JL Knight ◽  
TJ Tierney ◽  
AM Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Beef Producers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Native Pastures

Liveweight and carcass traits of 3-way Africander (A) x Simmental (S) x Hereford (H) crossbreds and purebred Herefords were monitored predominately on native pastures at Dirranbandi, Queensland, for 2 calf crops over 6 years. The relative breed compositions of the crossbreds were A4S2H2, A4S 1 H3 and A4H4. The mean liveweight of the A4S2H2 cattle ranked highest from about 250 days post-weaning to slaughter (520 days post-weaning) for steers, and at first joining for heifers (560 days post-weaning). Differences in liveweight were not significant at all times. The A4S2H2 and A4SlH3 steers had the highest (P<0.05) post-weaning average daily gains. Differences in weaning weight between crossbreds were carried through to slaughter for steers and to joining for heifers. The A4S2H2 steers had the highest (P<0.05) mean final liveweight (433 kg) and mean carcass weight (232 kg). There was no difference in carcass weight between the other crossbreds and Herefords. Fat depth at the P8 rump site of A4H4 crossbreds (8.5 mm) was higher (P<0.05) than that of Herefords (5.5 mm) and other crossbreds. Dressing percentages were similar for all breed types. The A4S2H2 maiden heifers had higher (P<0.05) liveweights at first joining (369 kg) than the A4S1H3 (353 kg) and A4H4 (337 kg) heifers. These data show that beef producers in southwestern Queensland can increase carcass weights with A4S2H2 crossbreds and produce carcasses that primarily meet the Korean-EC market and the requirements of domestic supermarket outlets.

Effects of feeding added protein and fat on feedlot performance and carcass quality in large frame steers

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Engstrom ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
R. Volek ◽  
R. E. Grimson ◽  
R. P. Stilborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Feeding added protein to large frame steers increased average daily gain (ADG) and intake but had no effect on dry matter:gain, carcass weight and carcass quality. Including 2% added fat had no effect on ADG and carcass traits. However, feeding 4% added fat increased ADG to 56 d, although ADG overall and carcass quality were not influenced. Key words: Feeding, protein, fat, steer, carcass quality, average daily gain

274 Effects of Revalor ih/revalor-200 Re-implant Program or Revalor-xh on Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Finishing Heifers Fed for 179, 200, or 221 Days

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 130-131
Author(s):  
Brandon L Nuttelman ◽  
John P Hutcheson ◽  
Wade T Nichols ◽  
Marshall N Streeter ◽  
Grant I Crawford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare feedlot performance and carcass traits between two implant programs in heifers harvested at 3 different days on feed (DOF; 179, 200, or 221 d). Crossbred beef heifers (n = 3,084; 291 + 3.9 kg) were used in a 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments in a randomized complete block design. Revalor-IH (80 mg TBA and 8 mg E2) was administered on arrival followed by Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA and 20 mg E2) 94 d before harvest (IH/200) or Revalor-XH (80 mg TBA and 8 mg E2, uncoated; 120 mg TBA and 12 mg E2, coated) was administered on arrival (XH). No implant × DOF interaction was detected (P ≥ 0.09) for any parameter. Heifers subjected to IH/200 had greater (P ≤ 0.01) final BW, ADG (P &lt; 0.01) and G:F (P = 0.01). As DOF increased, BW increased (P ≤ 0.01) while ADG (P&lt;0.01) and G:F (P ≤ 0.01) decreased. Hot carcass weight was greater (P = 0.01) for IH/200 compared with XH (367 vs. 361 kg, respectively). Heifers receiving XH had greater marbling scores (P = 0.02; 582 vs. 568) and BF (P = 0.01; 1.78 vs 1.70 cm) compared with IH/200 while re-implanted heifers had increased (P = 0.01) REA (86.5 vs. 83.2 cm2). Heifers implanted with XH tended to be fatter than those implanted with IH/200 having a greater (P = 0.01) proportion of USDA Prime and fewer (P&lt;0.01) USDA Select. Increasing DOF increased (P ≤ 0.03) HCW, DP, BF, REA, marbling, and proportion of USDA Prime carcasses. Growth performance and HCW were increased for IH/200 compared with XH heifers. Increasing DOF resulted in poorer ADG and G:F but increased HCW.

EFFECTS OF YEARLING WEIGHT SELECTION IN SHORTHORN BEEF CATTLE ON AGE-OF-DAM ADJUSTMENT FACTORS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-965
Author(s):  
J. C. OLTHOFF ◽  
G. H. CROW ◽  
G. W. RAHNEFELD
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Selection Line ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Performance Change ◽  
Adjustment Factors ◽  
Over Time

Lines within a breed which differ in their level of performance may require different age-of-dam adjustment factors in the same way that different breeds do. Age-of-dam adjustments calculated from a control and a yearling weight selection line indicated lower values in the selected line for calf birth weight, weaning weight and yearling weight for 2- and 4-yr-old dams. Trends for adjustment factors in each line over time were generally not significant but tended to diverge. Age-of-dam adjustment factors within a breed may need to be reevaluated at intervals as levels of performance change. Key words: Beef cattle, age of dam adjustment, selection, yearling weight

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