scholarly journals PERFORMANCE OF BEEF STEERS FED GRASS SILAGE WITH OR WITHOUT SUPPLEMENTS OF SOYBEAN MEAL, FISH MEAL AND BARLEY

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. VEIRA ◽  
J. G. PROULX ◽  
J. R. SEOANE
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Weight Protein

Forty crossbred beef steers were used in a 112-d experiment to study the effect of fish meal (FM, 300 g d−1), soybean meal (SBM, 320 g d−1), barley (B, 2 kg d−1) and B plus FM (2 kg + 300 g d−1) supplementation of grass silage on the performance of growing cattle. The growth rate of steers fed silage was 0.83 kg d−1 and this was increased by 0.15, 0.12, 0.27 and 0.36 kg d−1 by supplements of FM, SBM, B and B + FM. Silage dry matter (DM) intake averaged 2.13% of body weight. Protein supplementation had no effect on silage intake. B and B + FM supplementation increased total DM intake (P < 0.01), but decreased silage consumption by 14% (P < 0.05). Key words: Cattle, grass silage, soybean meal, barley, growth, fish meal

Effects of protein supplementation of silage-based diets on the intake, performance and carcass composition of finishing beef cattle

1986 ◽  
Vol 1986 ◽  
pp. 21-21
Author(s):  
R. W. J. Steen
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Soyabean Meal ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle

A series of five randomised-block experiments, involving 232 finishing beef steers., have been carried out to examine the effects of supplementing grass silage-based diets with extracted soyabean meal (SBM) or fish meal (FM). Eight formic-acid treated, precision chopped, silages which were made from the primary growth and first and second regrowths of perennial ryegrass swards, were used. The chemical compositions of the silages are given in Table 1. They were offered ad libitum and those used in experiments 1 to 3 and the early-cut silages used in experiments 4 and 5 were supplemented with 2.5 to 2.7 kg concentrates per head daily while the late-cut silages used in experiments 4 and 5 were supplemented with 4.5 kg concentrates per head daily. The control concentrates used in each of the experiments were based on barley and had crude protein concentrations of 95 to 108 g/kg dry matter. The high protein concentrates were similar but with a proportion of the barley replaced by SBM or FM.

Effect of post-weaning protein supplementation of beef steers fed grass silage on performance during the finishing phase, and carcass quality

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hélène V. Petit ◽  
D. M. Veira
Keyword(s):  
Growth Phase ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Phase Protein ◽  
Time Required

Seventy-two steers fed different proteins during a post-weaning phase were fed a common diet with or without protein supplementation during the finishing phase. Protein supplementation during finishing had no effect (P > 0.10) on animal performance. During finishing, BW gain tended (P = 0.07) to be affected by treatments fed during the growth phase. BW gain for the overall experiment was similar for all proteins and higher (P < 0.05) than that of steers fed only silage. During finishing, the feed:gain ratio was affected by diets fed during growth. Supplementation during growth decreased the time required to reach market weight with the lowest number of days being for steers fed fish meal. Carcass characteristics were similar for all treatments. Key words: Cattle, grass silage, growth, finishing, protein supplement

Nitrogen metabolism in beef steers fed gamagrass or orchardgrass hay with or without a supplement

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Magee ◽  
M. H. Poore ◽  
J. C. Burns ◽  
G. B. Huntington
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
N Metabolism ◽  
Ad Libitum

A 50:50 soybean hull:corn grain supplement fed at 0.75% of body weight (BW) decreased ad libitum gamagrass or orchardgrass hay intake by steers, but increased total dry matter (DM) intake, DM digestibility, N intake, and N retained. Supplementation had a greater effect on N metabolism in steers fed orchardgrass than steers fed gamagrass. Key words: Steers, beef, hulls, soybean, metabolism, nitrogen

UTILIZATION OF GRASS SILAGE BY CATTLE: EFFECT OF BARLEY AND FISHMEAL SUPPLEMENTS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. VEIRA ◽  
M. IVAN ◽  
G. BUTLER ◽  
J. G. PROULX
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
High Nitrogen Content ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ad Libitum

Following weaning at 6–7 mo of age, 36 beef steers were used to determine production responses when grass silage was supplemented with barley or fishmeal. The silage was made from direct-cut, formic- acid-treated grass harvested from a mixed sward and had a high nitrogen content but poor fermentation characteristics. The silage was fed ad libitum for 98 days either alone or supplemented with 500 g fishmeal or 500 g barley per day. Both fishmeal and barley increased total dry matter intake (P < 0.01) by an amount equivalent to the quantity of supplement offered but had no effect on silage intake (P > 0.05). Steers fed the fishmeal grew substantially faster than either the barley (0.53 kg/day) or unsupplemented (0.54 kg/day) groups (P < 0.01). Fishmeal supplementation resulted in a large reduction (35%) in the amount of feed required per kilogram of gain. Key words: Cattle, grass silage, fishmeal, growth

scholarly journals Feeding strategies for improving productivity of growing steers fed grass silage

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 685-692
Author(s):  
D. R. Ouellet ◽  
L. Faucitano ◽  
D. Pellerin ◽  
M. D’Amours ◽  
R. Berthiaume
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Ground Corn

Two experiments were conducted to determine the relationship between corn particle size and soybean meal treatment on growth, diet digestibility, and nitrogen balance of growing steers. In the first experiment, 40 medium-frame beef steers (250 ± 11 kg) were fed individually for 140 d a diet based on grass silage offered for ad libitum consumption and supplemented with either 3.5 kg of DM d-1 of cracked corn (CC) or ground corn (GC) and with 450 g of DM d-1 of solvent extracted (SS) or lignosulfonate-treated soybean meal (Soypass™ SP). Dry matter intake was not affected by treatments and averaged 8.6 ± 0.3 kg d-1 (P > 0.10). Average daily gain was higher for animals receiving the ground corn than those fed cracked corn. Feed to gain ratio was not affected by treatments. There was an interaction between treatments for plasma urea-N concentration, with source of soybean meal having no effect with CC. When compared with SS, SP supplement reduced plasma urea-N when fed with GC. No effect of soybean meal and its interaction with corn processing was observed on growth performance. In the second experiment four additional steers were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to evaluate diet digestibility and nitrogen balance. There was an interaction between treatments for starch apparent digestibility and N retained, the values being respectively, 90, 86, 93, and 92% (SEM = 1.2; P < 0.01) and 36, 42, 44 and 41 g d-1 (SEM = 2.8; P < 0.03) for CCSS, CCSP, GCSS and GCSP, respectively. Altogether, the results indicate a slight advantage to reduce particle size of corn in growing steers fed grass silage. However, soybean meal treatment resulted in limited effects on growth and digestion. Key words: Rumen carbohydrate, undegradable protein, performance, steers

Protein supplementation of silage-based diets for calves

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. J. Steen
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Vitamin Supplement ◽  
Total N ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

AbstractTwo experiments were carried out to examine the effects on the intake and performance of calves of supplementing a diet, based on high-digestibility, well-preserved grass silage, with fish meal. The effects of fish-meal supplementation were examined at each of two amounts of concentrate intake (1·05 and 2·2 kg/day) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Fish meal was offered at a rate of 75 g/kg silage dry-matter (DM) intake. Experiments 1 and 2 involved 36 and 40 castrated male calves, respectively, which were initially 7 weeks old and had a live weight of 70 kg. The treatments were imposed for 20 weeks. The silages used in the two experiments had mean concentrations of 22-8 g nitrogen (N) per kg DM; 524 g protein N per kg total N; 59 g ammonia N per kg total N; 0·4 g butyric acid per kg DM; and 712 g digestible organic matter per kg DM. The concentrate consisted of (g/kg) 800 ground barley, 125 soya bean meal, 50 molasses and 25 mineral and vitamin supplement, respectively, and contained 29 g N per kg DM. Silage DM intakes and live-weight gains for the low and high amounts of concentrate supplementation were 1·93 and 1·46 (s.e. 0·055) kg/day and 0·84 and 1·01 (s.e. 0·013) kg/day respectively. The supplement of fish meal did not affect silage DM intake or animal performance for either concentrate intake. Proportionately, only 0·21 of the difference in live weight at the end of the treatment periods between the two amounts of concentrate intake remained at slaughter at 18 months of age. It is concluded that the optimum growth rate for autumn-born calves during their first winter can be sustained by a diet of high-digestibility grass silage supplemented with a maximum of 1·0 kg cereal-soya bean meal concentrate and that no response in performance was obtained to supplementation of this diet with fish meal.

scholarly journals Effects of the Ratio of Dietary Fish Meal to Soybean Meal on the Performance of Broiler Chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Nwe Nwe Htin ◽  
May Phyo Chit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Dietary Fish

A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with a total of 160 day-old commercial broiler chicks which were randomly assigned to four treatment groups with five replicates into 20 pens and brooded. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. From day old chick to 21 day, the broiler chicks were fed Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (3% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 10) was served as control diet, Diet 3 (2% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.5% fish meal and 30% soybean meal, 1: 20). From day 22 onwards, the broiler chicks were fed finisher diet, Diet 1 (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal, 1: 5), Diet 2 (2.6% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 10, serve as control diet, Diet 3 (1.8% fish meal and 27% soybean meal, 1: 15) and Diet 4 (1.3% fish meal and 26% soybean meal, 1: 20). Weekly performances and mortality are measured. By feeding FS5 diet (5% fish meal and 25% soybean meal), the heavier body weight, increased feed consumption and feed conversion ratio of broiler chicks was observed when compared to that of other treatment groups. Conclusively, it is obvious that the ratio of dietary fish meal to soybean meal 1: 5 (FS5) improved body weight but the lower feed efficiency of this diet should be considered in economical point of view.

Digestibility of threonine from protein concentrates for growing pigs. 2. The digestibility of threonine to the terminal ileum in pigs given six protein concentrates

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Leibholz ◽  
Y Mollah
Keyword(s):  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Terminal Ileum ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Meat Meal

Six male Landrace x Large White pigs (25 kg liveweight) were fitted with T-shape cannulae in the terminal ileum. The pigs were fed 1.2 kg dry matter per day containing 4.5 g threonine/kg of diet from continuous belt feeders. The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM) to the terminal ileum was 0.91, 0.87, 0.85, 0.81, 0.80 and 0.75 for pigs given diets containing milk, fish meal, soybean meal, meat meal, sunflower meal and cotton seed meal respectively. The apparent digestibility of nitrogen (N) to the terminal ileum was 0.87, 0.87, 0.86, 0.86, 0.81 and 0.74 for pigs given diets containing milk, fish meal, soybean meal, sunflower meal, meat meal and cottonseed meal, respectively. The true digestibility of threonine to the terminal ileum was 0.96, 0.95, 0.90, 0.87, 0.80 and 0.66 for the diets containing milk, fish meal, sunflower meal, soybean meal, meat meal and cottonseed meal, respectively.

PERFORMANCE OF HEREFORD × SHORTHORN BULLS AND STEERS RAISED IN NORTHERN ONTARIO AND FED DIFFERENT LEVELS OF GRASS SILAGE AND HIGH MOISTURE BARLEY

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. VEIRA ◽  
A. FORTIN ◽  
M. IVAN ◽  
G. BUTLER ◽  
J. G. PROULX
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Ultrasound Measurement ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Consistent Effect ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Different Levels

Over a 2-yr period, 44 bulls and 44 implanted steers of Hereford × Shorthorn breeding were fed, from weaning to slaughter, diets of grass silage with 0, 0.45, 0.9 or 1.35 kg barley dry matter (DM)/100 kg liveweight. Each animal was slaughtered when it had 8 mm of fat over the loin as determined by ultrasound measurement. As the level of barley in the diet increased the rate of gain increased (P < 0.01), as did DM intake (P < 0.05) while feed required per kilogram gained and days on feed decreased. Bulls and steers responded in a similar manner to the different diets. Bulls gained faster (P < 0.01) on similar intakes of DM with the result that feed required for kilogram gain was less for bulls (P < 0.05). There was no difference (P > 0.05) in days to market for bulls and steers. There was no consistent effect of diet on carcass characteristics. However, castration resulted in lighter (P < 0.01) slaughter and carcass weights as well as a smaller (P < 0.01) rib eye area. Key words: Cattle, castration, diet, growth, carcass

Molasses and fish meal for growing cattle

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 130-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Thomas ◽  
A Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
List Type ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Ad Libitum

There is evidence that silage may be utilised more effectively when supplemented with sugar rather than starch (Thomas and Rae, 1988). A trial was made to measure the effect of supplementing silage with a sugar-based feed (molasses) or a starch-based feed (barley), in combination with fish meal, on the performance of young growing cattle.Sixty four castrated male calves (Limousin x Friesian and Hereford x Friesian) initially weighing 129 kg were offered grass silage (DM, 200 g/kg; ME, 10.4 MJ/kg DM; CP, 144 g/kg DM) ad libitum with four dietary supplements.Daily supplementation was as follows:1.0.25 kg white-fish meal2.0.25 kg fish meal plus 0.4 kg molasses3.0.25 kg fish meal plus 0.8 kg molasses4.0.25 kg fish meal plus 0.75 kg bruised barleyThe levels of molasses and barley in Treatments 3 and 4 supplied the same amount of dry matter.

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