EFFECT OF TWO ACIDS AND FORMALIN IN CALVES MILK ON FEED CONSUMPTION AND PERFORMANCE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1129-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. BUSH ◽  
J. W. G. NICHOLSON
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Performance

Calves fed ad libitum whole milk plus formic acid, propionic acid or formalin consumed less than calves fed untreated milk and grew comparably slower. At weaning the control group was consuming up to 25% of their body weight in milk daily without significant scouring. Key words: Acidification, milk, calves

Factors limiting the intake of feed by sheep. I. The significance of palatability, the capacity of the alimentary tract to handle digesta, and the supply of glucogenic substrate.

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Weston
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Ad Libitum

Voluntary feed consumption (VFC) decreased when a quantity of the diet being consumed by the sheep was introduced into the rumen. On diets of lucerne hay, lucerne hay plus maize, wheaten hay, and wheaten straw, the decreases in VFC ranged from 90 to 110% of the quantity introduced intraruminally when this quantity varied from 20 to 60% of the VFC during control periods. When sheep consumed wheaten straw ad libitum, and a quantity of coarsely ground wheaten straw equal to 140% of the VFC during a control period was given intraruminally, VFC ceased and digesta accumulated in the rumen. VFC decreased when indigestible materials were introduced into the rumen. The voluntary consumption of lucerne hay decreased by 15% when sawdust was introduced into the rumen at a rate equivalent by weight to 17% of the VFC during a control period ; decreases of 7 and 9% were found when finely ground polyvinyl chloride was introduced at rates equivalent by weight to 25 and 50% respectively of VFC during control periods. The voluntary consumption of wheaten hay decreased by 16 and 19% when sawdust was introduced into the rumen at rates equivalent by weight to 25 and 18% respectively of VFC during control periods. Intraruminal infusions of acetic acid, propionic acid, or a mixture of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids providing 290–510 kcal of energy daily were accompanied by decreases in the voluntary consumption of lucerne hay and wheaten hay; the decreases ranged from 0.29 to 0.86 g dry matter per kcal of energy infused; similar decreases were obtained when propionic acid was infused into the abomasum of sheep given lucerne hay. The intake of lucerne hay was 9% higher when given alone than when supplemented with 6% propionic acid. The results are discussed in relation to factors limiting the intake of lucerne hay and wheaten hay.

scholarly journals Analisis Bobot Badan dan Karakteristik Semen Ayam Gaok Terseleksi Generasi ke-6

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komarudin Komarudin ◽  
Tike Sartika ◽  
Tatan Kostaman ◽  
Soni Sopiyana ◽  
Hasnelly Zainal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Line ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Male Line ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
Semen Characteristic

ABSTRAK. Ayam Gaok merupakan salah satu rumpun ayam lokal yang memiliki potensi besar dikembangkan. Balai Penelitian Ternak (Balitnak) telah melakukan program seleksi pada ayam Gaok untuk menghasilkan bibit ayam lokal pedaging yang dipanen umur 10 minggu dan dapat dijadikan galur jantan (male line) yang akan disilangkan dengan ayam KUB yang merupakan galur betina (female line). Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bobot badan dan karakteristik semen ayam Gaok generasi ke-6 yang dipelihara di Balitnak. Sebanyak 211 ekor anak ayam Gaok umur satu hari dari generasi ke-6 dipelihara pada kandang koloni pada masa starter dan grower. Ayam dewasa dipelihara pada kandang individu. Pakan dan air minum diberikan ad libitum. Bobot badan ayam jantan dan betina pada umur 10 minggu masing-masing 1.075,26 ± 156,55 g (KK= 14,56 %) dan 868,25 ± 109,34 g (KK= 12,59 %). Rerata bobot badan jantan dan betina sudah mulai berbeda nyata (P0,05) pada saat ayam berumur lima minggu. Konsumsi dan konversi pakan sampai umur 10 minggu yakni masing-masing 2.801,61 g dan 2,99. Bobot badan ayam jantan dan betina pada umur 20 minggu masing-masing 2.354,01 ± 280,06 (KK= 11,90%) dan 1.646,5 ± 205,97 g (KK= 12,51%). Volume semen, konsentrasi, motilitas dan persentase sperma hidup ayam Gaok jantan pada umur delapan bulan masing-masing sebesar 0,4 ml, 3.927 × 106, 57,22 dan 62,5%. Bobot badan ayam Gaok umur 10 minggu menunjukkan hasil baik dengan variasi yang cukup seragam. Kuantitas dan kualitas semen ayam Gaok tergolong normal.  (Analysis of body weight and semen characteristic of 6th generation selected gaok chicken) ABSTRACT. Gaok chicken is one of local breed chicken which potentially to be developed. Indonesian Research Institute for Animal Production (IRIAP) have been executed selection program on Gaok chicken to obtain meat type local chicken which is harvested on 10 weeks old age and can be made as male line to be crossed with KUB chicken which is the female line. The objective of this study was to observe growth of body weight and characteristics of semen of Gaok chicken 6th generation which are raised in IRIAP. A number of 211 DOC Gaok chicken 6th generation were raised in colony cage in starter and grower periods. Mature chickens were kept in individual cages. Feed and water were given ad libitum. Body weight male and female at 10 weeks were 1,075.26 ±156.55 g (CV=14,56 %) and 868.25 ± 109.34 g (CV=12,59 %) respectively. Body weight on male and female were started significantly differ from five weeks (P0.05). Feed consumption and conversion for 10 weeks were 2,901.61 g and 2.99, respectively. Body weight male and female at 20 weeks were 2,354.01 ± 280.06 g (CV=11,90 %) and 1,646.5 ± 205.97 g (CV=12,51 %) respectively. Semen volume, concentration, motility and proportion of live sperm of male Gaok chicken were 0.4 ml, 3,927 × 106, 57,22 % and 62.5 %, respectively. 10th week body weight of Gaok chicken showed good results with uniform variation. Quantity and quality of Gaok chicken semen belonged to be normal.

scholarly journals Effects of Neem and Nishyinda leaves supplementation on growth performance and gut biosis in broiler

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-175
Author(s):  
Atikur Rahaman ◽  
Md Bazlar Rashid ◽  
Md Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Rakibul Islam ◽  
Fahima Binthe Aziz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Group D

This study was conducted under the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology to determine the effects of Neem and Nishyinda leaves supplementation on growth performance and GUT biosis in broilers. A total of 40 day old broiler chicks were divided into four groups A, B, C and D. Group A was considered as control, fed only with commercial broiler ration. Group B supplemented with formulation of 2 gm grinded Neem leaves, Group C with 2 gm grinded Nishyinda leaves and Group D with 1 gm grinded Neem leaves plus 1 gm grinded Nishyinda leaves per liter of water respectively. Observations were recorded for live body weight, weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, hemato-biochemical parameters and GUT biosis specially the parasite of birds in six weeks. Body weights were increased significantly (p<0.05) in all treated groups in respect to the control and highest was recorded in combine Neem plus Nishyinda supplemented groups (Group D). No significant (p>0.05) differences were observed among the groups for PCV and TEC values. Hb content increased and ESR decreased significantly (p<0.05) with combine Neem plus Nishyinda supplemented group (Group D). The serum SGOT and SGPT levels were also decreased with the same kind of supplementation. In treatment group there was significantly decreased of parasitic eggs, but in case of control group no decrease of parasitic eggs. There was no significant pathological change in any internal organs of the broiler of treated groups. Best result was found in the group D. The present study reveals that combine supplementation of Neem plus Nishyinda gives better result over other groups in respect to body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, hemato-biochemical parameter and profitability without making any health hazard of the broilers. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2020, 6(2): 168-175

EFFECT OF ADDING POTENTIAL VOMITOXIN (DEOXYNIVALENOL) DETOXICANTS OR A F. graminearum INOCULATED CORN SUPPLEMENT TO WHEAT DIETS FED TO PIGS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. FRIEND ◽  
H. L. TRENHOLM ◽  
K. E. HARTIN ◽  
J. C. YOUNG ◽  
B. K. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Fusarium Graminearum ◽  
Ammonium Carbonate ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Binding Agent ◽  
Stomach Mucosa ◽  
Ad Libitum

Six groups each of five barrows and five gilts were offered ad libitum one of six pelleted diets containing 68% wheat. A pellet binder was added (1.5%) to all diets. There were three clean wheat diets, one unsupplemented, one supplemented with a binding agent (Antitox Vana) and another with Fusarium graminearum inoculated corn; also, three vomitoxin-contaminated wheat diets, one unsupplemented, one supplemented with Antitox Vana and another with ammonium carbonate. Vomitoxin content was negligible in the clean wheat (control) diet, and was about 5 mg/kg in the three contaminated diets and 14 mg/kg in the inoculated corn diet. Pigs weighed 35 kg initially and a necropsy was conducted on each after 5 wk on experiment. Feed consumption was reduced 15–17% with the contaminated wheat diets, and approximately 50% with the inoculated corn diet from which effect the pigs seemed never to recover to the level of those fed the contaminated wheat diets. Discoloration of the stomach mucosa, and epithelial thickening of the esophageal area occurred in more pigs fed the contaminated wheat diets than those fed the clean wheat (control) diet, and a more marked response was evoked by the inoculated corn diet. The addition of the binding agent or the ammonium carbonate did not appear in this experiment to alleviate any of these effects. Key words: Vomitoxin, deoxynivalenol, antitoxin, wheat, inoculated corn, pigs

GROWTH AND ACTH RESPONSES TO COLD STRESS OF YOUNG PIGS FED AD LIBITUM

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. BROWN ◽  
R. R. HACKER ◽  
G. J. KING
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Free Body ◽  
Daily Gain

Twenty-four 6-wk-old pigs were housed in individual metabolism cages and exposed for 6 wk to either 2 C or 20 C with ad libitum feed and water. The pigs at 20 C and 2 C had an average daily gain (ADG) of 544 g and 343 g (P < 0.01), respectively. Feed consumption was similar for both treatments, with feed:gain ratios being significantly lower in the 20 C group during the 1st and 3rd 2-wk periods. Spleen and kidney weights were a larger percent of ingesta-free body weight in pigs housed at 2 C. The percent body weight of livers, thyroids, testicles, seminal vesicles and bulbo-urethral glands were not statistically different between 20 C and 2 C housed pigs. Body protein and ash were 5 and 1.3% lower in the 2 C pigs. Differences in plasma ACTH between treatments within day were significant. Consistently lower levels of plasma ACTH were obtained from pigs housed at 2 C.

SUBSTITUTION OF SORGHUM FOR WHEAT IN DIETS FOR LAYING HENS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
D. J. MAJOR ◽  
S. DUBETZ
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Single Comb

The effects of substituting various levels of sorghum for wheat in diets for laying hens were studied. Egg production, egg weight, feed consumption, body weight and hatchability of eggs from Single Comb White Leghorn hens were not affected by the proportion of sorghum in the diet. Key words: Sorghum, wheat, nutrition, egg production

SPENT CANOLA OIL BLEACHING CLAYS: POTENTIAL FOR TREATMENT OF T-2 TOXICOSIS IN RATS AND SHORT-TERM INCLUSION IN DIETS FOR IMMATURE SWINE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Bentonite Clay ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Residual Oil ◽  
Trichothecene Mycotoxin ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Growth Depression

Experiments were conducted to determine the potential for spent vegetable oil bleaching clays to overcome growth depression and feed refusal caused by T-2 toxin, a Fusarium trichothecene mycotoxin. Rats were fed spent canola oil bleaching clays at 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% of the diet with and without 3 mg T-2 toxin per kilogram of feed. The bleaching clays largely overcame depressions in body weight and feed consumption caused by T-2 toxin over the 2-wk experiment. Feeding defatted clay at levels corresponding to the levels fed in the first experiment produced similar results while feeding residual oil had very little effect. Feeding spent bentonite produced the same results except that the residual oils were slightly more effective at overcoming T-2 toxicosis than the residual canola oil. Rats were than fed the same levels of spent canola oil bleaching clays for 2 wk and were orally dosed with [3H] T-2 toxin. The fraction of the dose excreted in feces rose consistently with the level of spent canola oil bleaching clays but these increases were not statistically significant. In a final experiment, 48 barrows were fed 0, 5 and 10% spent canola oil bleaching clays for 17 days. Growth and feed consumption were not affected by the level fed. It was concluded that spent canola oil bleaching clays can be used to lessen feed refusal due to T-2 toxin in rat diets. This produce can also be fed to growing swine for short periods without affecting performance. Key words: Rats, swine, T-2 toxin, canola oil, bentonite, clay

scholarly journals Effect of Lactococcus lactis vs. Lactobacillus spp. bacteria on chicken body weight, mortality, feed conversion and carcass quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franciszek Brzóska ◽  
Bogdan Śliwiński ◽  
Krystyna Stecka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
Lactococcus Lactis ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Dressing Percentage

AbstractA total of 608 Ross 308 broiler chickens of both sexes were studied to determine the effect of Lactococcus lactis 847 bacteria compared to probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus delbruecki 838 and Lactobacillus plantarum 837 on body weight, feed consumption and conversion, mortality, dressing percentage, postmortem carcass traits, composition of breast muscle tissue, and blood plasma traits. Feeding diets with bacteria to chickens did not increase body weight at 42 days of age or improve feed conversion compared to control chickens. It significantly reduced chicken mortality compared to the control group, from 3.3% to 1.4% (P<0.01). No significant differences were found in feed consumption and conversion. There were no significant differences in the weight of carcasses and their parts. Lactococcus lactis 847 and Lactobacillus plantarum 837 bacteria significantly increased dressing percentage (P<0.05). Lactococcus lactis 847 significantly increased liver weight (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in carcass fatness, and in the dry matter, protein and fat content of breast muscles. Feeding diet with Lactobacillus plantarum 837 to chickens significantly decreased plasma triglyceride levels, and feeding diet with Lactobacillus delbruecki 838 and Lactobacillus plantarum 837 significantly decreased the level of high-density cholesterol (P<0.05). In conclusion, Lactococcus lactis 847 bacteria in diet significantly reduce losses due to digestive disorders while having no effect on the quantity and proportion of saleable cuts in the carcass, the composition of breast muscles and basic blood parameters.

scholarly journals The effect of feeding with low-protein feed mixes on the growth and slaughter value of young male Pharaoh quails

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Tarasewicz ◽  
J. Gardzielewska ◽  
D. Szczerbińska ◽  
M. Ligocki ◽  
M. Jakubowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Group I ◽  
Cooked Meat

Abstract. Experimental material consisted of one-day Pharaoh quail chicks, which were separated into three experimental groups. The birds of group I received a fodder, the nutritive value of which was consistent with recommended feeding standards for growing quails, whereas for those of group II and III the protein level was lowered in all feed mixes appropriated for the whole rearing period. During the experiment, individual body weight, feed consumption, and bird deaths and their health culling were controlled. At the age of 42 days, 11 males of each group, with a body weight similar to the group mean, were slaughtered. In blood samples collected, the level of amylase was assayed, as well as quail slaughter value was calculated and depot fat and extramuscular fat contents were determined. Meat chemical determinations were made (dry matter, protein and fat contents), as well as physicochemical (pH, colour, water binding capacity) and sensory ones (cooked meat and bouillon). Basing on the performed examination, it was found that a lowered level of protein in fodder did not affect quail body weight, slaughter yield, or breast part and leg participation in body weight. Carcass fatness decreased and meat water binding capacity improved. The values of majority of other examined meat qualitative traits were similar to those obtained in control group.

scholarly journals Time-Restricted Feeding in Commercial Layer Chickens Improves Egg Quality in Old Age and Points to Lack of Adipostat Activity in Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesan Saibaba ◽  
Mark Ruzal ◽  
Dima Shinder ◽  
Sara Yosefi ◽  
Shelly Druyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Visceral Fat Accumulation ◽  
Ad Libitum

In mammals, time-restricted feeding (TRF) with no caloric restriction provides health benefits and extends longevity, usually with a minor (∼3%) or no reduction in total food consumption. In the current study, a TRF regimen of 6 h free access to food (08:00–14:00 h) was applied to Leghorn chickens from 25 to 86 weeks of age; control birds ate freely during the light hours (06:00–20:00 h). Unexpectedly, the TRF-treated birds consumed, on average, 11.7% less food than the controls. This was manifested by an average reduction of 9.6% in body weight, 2.6-fold in visceral fat accumulation, and 6.5% in egg weight. Hen-housed egg production was reduced by 3.6% in the TRF group compared with the control, along the first 40 weeks of the follow-up (P &lt; 0.05), and changed into a tendency of 0.7% higher egg production thereafter. Several parameters of egg quality showed significant improvement (P &lt; 0.05) in the TRF group compared with the controls. A comparison of diurnal patterns of feed consumption revealed a higher rate of hourly consumption in the TRF group and increased consumption before dark in the control group. In conclusion, the reduced feed intake in response to the TRF treatment and loss in visceral fat accumulation supports the lack of a strong adipostat activity in chickens and different appetite regulation mechanisms compared with mammals. Therefore, future TRF studies in chickens should be adjusted by extending the ad libitum time window. The lower feed intake by the TRF-treated chickens compared with the ad libitum-fed controls seems to reduce the efficiency of egg production. Nevertheless, the improved egg quality and persistence of egg lay at the older age suggest that similarly to mammals, the TRF treatment delayed at least some of the negative impacts associated with advanced age.

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