BEEF CATTLE NUTRITION AND PERFORMANCE ON SEEDED CLEARCUTS IN SOUTHERN INTERIOR BRITISH COLUMBIA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-928
Author(s):  
D. A. QUINTON
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Cow Performance

The nutrient content of diets consumed, using a bite count technique, and the performance of beef cows and their calves grazing spruce and pine clearcuts in the southern interior rangelands of British Columbia on continuously and rotationally grazed pasture systems were evaluated in a 3- to 5-yr study. Forage species and plant parts ingested by cows were collected by hand clipping to simulate the diet. Nutrient composition of each sample forage was determined chemically and the nutrient levels of cattle diets were estimated from the bite counts of forages consumed and the chemical composition of the clipped samples. Dietary deficiencies, based on estimates of dietary intake of cows and chemical composition of samples, were noted for protein and phosphorus during August and September (rotational grazing); sodium during September; iodine, copper and zinc throughout the grazing season with the exception of zinc in the September diet of rotationally grazed cows. Selenium was adequate to excessive in the diet. Cow diets consisted of from 50 to 72% grass, from 23 to 42% forbs and from 4 to 20% shrubs. The diversity of diet components maintained nutrient levels of the diet above those provided by grass alone. Weight gains of cows and calves were obtained at monthly intervals for 3 yr and seasonally for 5 yr. There were no significant differences in cow performance among years or between grazing treatments. Cows gained an average of 0.22 kg d−1 over a 90-d grazing period. Average daily gains of cows decreased from 0.55 kg in July to −0.21 kg in September. Calf gains were significantly different between treatments over 5 yr. Calf gains averaged 0.92 kg−1 d on the continuously grazed pastures vs. 0.83 kg d−1 on those rotationally grazed. Total beef production of saleable beef (calves) under the continuous and rotational grazing system was 72.7 kg ha−1 and 65.3 kg ha−1, respectively. Key words: Beef cattle, production, nutrition, clearcuts, daily gains

Micromorphological and 13C NMR characterization of a Humic, Lignic, and Histic Folisol from British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Fox ◽  
C. M. Preston ◽  
C. A. Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Nmr Characterization ◽  
Soil Constituents ◽  
C Nmr

The thick folic (mainly upland forest) materials (> 40 cm of accumulated organic material) that occur in the Coastal Western Hemlock Biogeoclimatic Zone in British Columbia have not been described with regard to the spatial interrelationships of the soil constituents in context with the chemical composition of the different horizons. Micromorphological assessment and solid-state 13C NMR were used to characterize the accumulated folic materials from a Lignic Folisol (northern Vancouver Island), Histic Folisol (Prince Rupert, BC) and a Humic Folisol (Queen Charlotte Islands, BC). Micromorphology provided information on the spatial relationships of the soil constituents and 13C NMR provided data on the chemical components of the folic materials. Soil faunal activity, primarily from mites, was the dominant soil-forming process observed in the organic horizons of the Folisols, being especially prominent in the Lignic Folisol with the breakdown of woody materials. Solid state 13C CPMAS NMR spectra facilitated distinguishing three main types of horizons: (1) Horizons derived from accumulated residues (L, Fr, and Hr) showing higher carbohydrate-like C and O-alkyl C values and lower total aromatics; (2) Horizons with advanced decomposition (Hr2, Oh1, and Hd) which were higher in alkyl C; and (3) Horizons derived from ligneous material (Fw and Hdw) where carbohydrate-like C was less than total aromatic C. Implications for adequate nutrient content and forest growth were inferred from the observed micromorphology and chemical composition of the folic materials. Key words: Folisol, forest soils, micromorphology, 13C NMR, faunal activity

Rotational Grazing Demonstrations with Beef Cows on CRP Land in Adams County, 2001

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Nelson ◽  
Rick Sprague ◽  
Russell Bredahl ◽  
Brian Peterson ◽  
William Bartenhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cows ◽  
Rotational Grazing

Rotational Grazing Demonstrations with Beef Cows on CRP Land in Adams County

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris O. Nelson ◽  
Rick Sprague ◽  
Russell Bredahl ◽  
Brian Peterson ◽  
William Bartenhagen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cows ◽  
Rotational Grazing

Diatom- and Chironomid-Inferred Eutrophication of Bouchie Lake, British Columbia

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus L. Heinrichs ◽  
Brian F. Cumming ◽  
Kathleen R. Laird ◽  
J. Sanford Hart
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Lower Head ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
Historical Land Use

Abstract Diatom and chironomid analysis of sediments encompassing the past 400 years from Bouchie Lake, British Columbia, suggests two distinct periods of limnological conditions. Prior to 1950 AD, Fragilaria construens and F. pinnata are the most common diatom species, and Chironomus, Procladius and Tanytarsini dominate the chironomid record. Moderately low nutrient concentrations consistent with oligo-mesotrophic lakes are inferred. From 1950, the diatom assemblage is dominated by Stephanodiscus parvus, a eutrophic indicator, whereas the chironomid communities show a relative increase in littoral taxa coincident with lower head capsule abundance. Higher nutrient levels, specifically total phosphorus, which increased from 8 µg L-1 prior to 1950 to 20 µg L-1 currently, are coincident with midge communities indicative of lower oxygen concentrations. Observed biotic changes and nutrient levels inferred from the sediment core correspond to historical land-use changes.

Growth, Productivity and Chemical Composition of a Sub-Alpine Meadow in Interior British Columbia

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair McLean ◽  
H. H. Nicholson ◽  
A. L. Van Ryswyk
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Alpine Meadow

scholarly journals The Distribution of Minerals in Crucial Plant Parts of Various Elderberry (Sambucus spp.) Interspecific Hybrids

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Nataša Imenšek ◽  
Vilma Sem ◽  
Mitja Kolar ◽  
Anton Ivančič ◽  
Janja Kristl
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Genetic Breeding ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Superior Genotypes

In view of growing requirements of the food industry regarding elderberries (genus Sambucus), a need to increase their productivity and improve their chemical composition has emerged. With this purpose in mind, numerous elderberry interspecific hybrids have been created. In the present work, the content of minerals in their crucial plant parts was studied. It was also investigated whether superior genotypes regarding the mineral composition of berries and inflorescences could be predicted at early stages of plant development. The results showed that elderberry leaves contained the highest amounts of Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, and Sr, while K and P were predominant in fruit stalks. Fe and Al prevailed in roots and Cu in bark. Although berries showed lower mineral content compared to other plant parts, their mineral content is not negligible and could be comparable to other commonly consumed berries. Genotypes with a favorable mineral content of inflorescences and berries could be predicted on the basis of known mineral composition of their shoots and leaves. The study also indicates that S. nigra genotypes and the majority of interspecific hybrids analyzed are suitable for further genetic breeding or cultivation.

Grazed pasture parameters. I. Pasture dry-matter production and availability in a stocking rate and grazing management experiment with dairy cows

1966 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Matter Production

1. Net pasture dry matter production and available pasture dry matter were measured over 3 years in a small-scale replica of the study of the effects of dairy cow grazing management and stocking rate reported by McMeekan & Walshe (1963).2. The four treatments were(i) Controlled rotational grazing, light stocking rate (0.95 cows/acre).(ii) Controlled rotational grazing, heavy stocking rate (1.19 cows/acre).(iii) Uncontrolled, set stocked grazing, light stocking rate (0.95 cows/acre).(iv) Uncontrolled, set stocked grazing, heavy stocking rate (1.19 cows/acre).3. The pasture measurement technique employed measured net pasture production (gains through new growth minus losses from all sources). It is argued that this parameter, rather than absolute pasture production, governs the changes in the dry matter feed supply to the grazing animal.

scholarly journals 80 Evaluation of extended release eprinomectin efficacy on multiparous beef cow performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Laine Zammit ◽  
Jermey G Powell ◽  
Reagan N Cauble ◽  
Toby D Lester ◽  
Callan Lichtenwalter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Fall Calving

Abstract Internal parasitism inevitability prompts economic loss in beef cattle production by decreasing growth performance and reproductive traits. Previous studies have conflicting results on the macrocyclic lactones (ML) efficacy against internal parasitism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of milbeymycin and avermectin sub groups of ML on cow performance. Multiparous fall calving, crossbred beef cows (n = 106) were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 anthelmintic treatments: 1) Negative control (CON), in which cows did not receive an anthelmintic, 2) Injectable moxidectin (MOX) and 3) Injectable extended release eprinomectin (ERE). Body weights (BW), body condition scores (BCS), and fecal egg counts (FEC) were taken throughout the duration of the calving season to weaning on d0, d80, d162, and d217, with weaning occurring on d217. Performance data were analyzed using the MIXED procedures of SAS, and pregnancy data were analyzed using the GENMOD procedures of SAS. Significance was fixed at P < 0.05 and tendencies were established from 0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10. There was no effect of anthelmintic treatment on cow BW (P ≥ 0.57) or cow BCS (P ≥ 0.22) during the 217 d study; however, CON cows tended to have lower BCS (P = 0.08) throughout the duration of the study. Cows treated with ERE had fewer FEC compared to MOX and CON groups (P ≤ 0.001) and tended to improve pregnancy rates (c2 = 0.0546). Calf weaning weight was similar among treatments averaging 216, 225, and 223 kg regarding CON, MOX, and ERE cow treatments, respectively.

Response of beef heifers and non-suckling beef cows to different oestrous synchronization protocols

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cavestany ◽  
N. Negrin ◽  
R. Negrin ◽  
J. F. Groth
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Gnrh Analogue ◽  
Beef Heifers

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate different oestrous synchronization schemes in beef cattle under range conditions. In experiment 1, 202 heifers averaging 26 months of age were assigned randomly to three treatments: (a) GnRH-PG. (no. = 44) day 0 (D0): injection of GnRH; D7: injection of PGF2α; D0 to D25 oestrous detection (OD) and artificial insemination (AI); (b) OD-PG. (no. = 45) D0 to D4; OD + AI; D5: injection of PGF2α; D5 to D25 OD + AI; and (c)Ovsynch. (no. = 113) D0: injection of GnRH; D7: injection of PGF2α; D9: injection of GnRH and 16 h later AI at fixed time. In experiment 2, 318 non-suckling cows were assigned randomly to three treatments: (a) GnRH-PG. (no. = 106) D0: injection of GnRH; D7: injection of PGF2α; D0 to D25 OD + AI; (b) GnRH-MAP-PG. (no. = 106) D0: injection of a GnRH analogue and insertion of an intravaginal sponge impregnated with 250 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate; D7: injection of PGF2α and sponge withdrawal; D0 to D25 OD + AI; (c) controls. (no. = 106) OD and AI. The experimental period lasted 25 days and, with exception of the Ovsynch treatment, oestrous detection was carried out twice a day (a.m./p.m.) and inseminations performed 12 h later. The pregnancy rates assessed by ultrasonography 30 days after AI were: experiment 1: (a) 30·0%; (b) 28·6% and (c) 62·3% (P < 0·05); experiment 2: (a) 60·2%; (b) 57·8% and (c) 45·5% (P < 0·05). It is concluded that in heifers and non-suckling cows, oestrous synchronization treatments result in higher pregnancy rates. In non-suckling cows, the addition of a progestagen did not improve the response.

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