Growth, Productivity and Chemical Composition of a Sub-Alpine Meadow in Interior British Columbia

1963 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair McLean ◽  
H. H. Nicholson ◽  
A. L. Van Ryswyk
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Alpine Meadow

Combustion metamorphism in the Hat Creek area, British Columbia

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1882-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Church ◽  
A. Matheson ◽  
Z. D. Hora
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Spontaneous Combustion ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Thermal Metamorphism

An area of several square kilometres of subbituminous coal at Hat Creek has been burnt in prehistoric times, probably as a result of spontaneous combustion. The product of this combustion is a yellow and reddish partly fused rock with high temperature minerals and chemical composition unlike volcanic rocks. The effect of thermal metamorphism within a few hundred feet of the burnt zone is an apparent slight increase in coalification levels above regional metamorphic grades.

BEEF CATTLE NUTRITION AND PERFORMANCE ON SEEDED CLEARCUTS IN SOUTHERN INTERIOR BRITISH COLUMBIA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-928
Author(s):  
D. A. QUINTON
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Nutrient Levels ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Cow Performance

The nutrient content of diets consumed, using a bite count technique, and the performance of beef cows and their calves grazing spruce and pine clearcuts in the southern interior rangelands of British Columbia on continuously and rotationally grazed pasture systems were evaluated in a 3- to 5-yr study. Forage species and plant parts ingested by cows were collected by hand clipping to simulate the diet. Nutrient composition of each sample forage was determined chemically and the nutrient levels of cattle diets were estimated from the bite counts of forages consumed and the chemical composition of the clipped samples. Dietary deficiencies, based on estimates of dietary intake of cows and chemical composition of samples, were noted for protein and phosphorus during August and September (rotational grazing); sodium during September; iodine, copper and zinc throughout the grazing season with the exception of zinc in the September diet of rotationally grazed cows. Selenium was adequate to excessive in the diet. Cow diets consisted of from 50 to 72% grass, from 23 to 42% forbs and from 4 to 20% shrubs. The diversity of diet components maintained nutrient levels of the diet above those provided by grass alone. Weight gains of cows and calves were obtained at monthly intervals for 3 yr and seasonally for 5 yr. There were no significant differences in cow performance among years or between grazing treatments. Cows gained an average of 0.22 kg d−1 over a 90-d grazing period. Average daily gains of cows decreased from 0.55 kg in July to −0.21 kg in September. Calf gains were significantly different between treatments over 5 yr. Calf gains averaged 0.92 kg−1 d on the continuously grazed pastures vs. 0.83 kg d−1 on those rotationally grazed. Total beef production of saleable beef (calves) under the continuous and rotational grazing system was 72.7 kg ha−1 and 65.3 kg ha−1, respectively. Key words: Beef cattle, production, nutrition, clearcuts, daily gains

THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION ON YIELD, SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THREE PASTURE MIXTURES

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Turley ◽  
G. R. Webster ◽  
R. B. Carson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Deep Percolation ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Wilting Point

The effects of irrigation treatments and seed mixtures on yield, quality and seasonal distribution of pasture production were studied at Saanichton, British Columbia. Ten acre-inches of water in five equal applications proved to be the best irrigation treatment. It increased production by an average of 85 per cent during 4 years and by 129 per cent in the very dry 1953 season. Plots irrigated with 15 acre-inches of water reached wilting point down to the 12-inch depth during periods of severe drought, while at other times water was lost through deep percolation. Irrigation increased the protein and decreased the fat contents of the herbage but had little effect on the crude fiber and ash content.Orchardgrass and Ladino clover in a mixture proved to be outstanding for uniform production throughout the season. Orchardgrass produced a better balance of grass to legume in the herbage than Alta fescue and perennial ryegrass.

Micromorphological and 13C NMR characterization of a Humic, Lignic, and Histic Folisol from British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Fox ◽  
C. M. Preston ◽  
C. A. Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Nmr Characterization ◽  
Soil Constituents ◽  
C Nmr

The thick folic (mainly upland forest) materials (> 40 cm of accumulated organic material) that occur in the Coastal Western Hemlock Biogeoclimatic Zone in British Columbia have not been described with regard to the spatial interrelationships of the soil constituents in context with the chemical composition of the different horizons. Micromorphological assessment and solid-state 13C NMR were used to characterize the accumulated folic materials from a Lignic Folisol (northern Vancouver Island), Histic Folisol (Prince Rupert, BC) and a Humic Folisol (Queen Charlotte Islands, BC). Micromorphology provided information on the spatial relationships of the soil constituents and 13C NMR provided data on the chemical components of the folic materials. Soil faunal activity, primarily from mites, was the dominant soil-forming process observed in the organic horizons of the Folisols, being especially prominent in the Lignic Folisol with the breakdown of woody materials. Solid state 13C CPMAS NMR spectra facilitated distinguishing three main types of horizons: (1) Horizons derived from accumulated residues (L, Fr, and Hr) showing higher carbohydrate-like C and O-alkyl C values and lower total aromatics; (2) Horizons with advanced decomposition (Hr2, Oh1, and Hd) which were higher in alkyl C; and (3) Horizons derived from ligneous material (Fw and Hdw) where carbohydrate-like C was less than total aromatic C. Implications for adequate nutrient content and forest growth were inferred from the observed micromorphology and chemical composition of the folic materials. Key words: Folisol, forest soils, micromorphology, 13C NMR, faunal activity

THE SEASONAL VARIATION IN CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MACROCYSTIS INTEGRIFOLIA AND NEREOCYSTIS LUETKEANA IN BRITISH COLUMBIA COASTAL WATERS

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Wort
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nereocystis Luetkeana ◽  
Macrocystis Integrifolia ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Macrocystis integrifolia and Nereocystis luetkeana were collected at Port Hardy and Vancouver, B.C., respectively, at monthly intervals October 1949 through September 1951. Analyses of fronds and of stipes were made for dry weight, ash, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, sulphur, copper, zinc, iron, ether-solubles, algin, mannitol, fucoidin, and laminarin. Generally speaking the fronds had a higher content of all substances measured than did the stipes, and the content of the two species of algae showed parallel variation but differed in values. Dry weight and ash were at maxima in late fall and winter and at minima in April and May. During March total nitrogen, ether-solubles, mannitol, fucoidin, and laminarin were at their highest concentration. The plants in July contained the minima of total nitrogen, phosphorus, and ether-solubles. The maximum for phosphorus occurred in December and during this same month fucoidin was at minimum. The variation of sulphur, copper, zinc, iron, and algin was such that well marked minima and maxima were not evident.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

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