INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HEALTH ENVIRONMENT AND GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC PERFORMANCE OF PIGS FOR GROWTH RATE AND BACKFAT

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. KENNEDY ◽  
M. QUINTON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Change ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
Rate Selection ◽  
Carry Over

Data from the Canadian Swine Genetic Evaluation Program for Yorkshire and Landrace pigs born between July 1982 and December 1984 were used to compare herds of different health classification (basic, good and excellent) for environmental and genetic levels and annual rates of environmental and genetic change in days and backfat thickness to 90 kg. There were 35 basic, 34 good and 20 excellent herds represented. Environmental differences between excellent and basic herds were −7.2 ± 3.0 d and 0.72 ± 0.31 mm backfat and between excellent and good herds were −5.3 ± 3.0 d and 0.87 ± 0.31 mm backfat. Faster growth rate in the excellent environment was accompanied by increased fatness. Genetic differences between excellent and basic herds were 1.2 ± 0.4 d and −0.45 ± 0.12 mm backfat and between excellent and good herds were 0.1 ± 0.4 d and −0.30 ± 0.12 mm backfat. Selection differentials were greatest for backfat and least for days in excellent herds and vice versa in basic herds. Rates of genetic change in days to 90 kg were equal across health classification, but excellent herds had greater rates of genetic improvement in backfat than basic or good herds. Data were also obtained from the New Hamburg, Ontario test station on boars that completed performance test between 1984 and 1985. Health classification of herd of origin had no effect on performance of boars for average daily gain or feed conversion at the test station. Effects of health classification of herd of origin on backfat were significant (P < 0.05), but reflected genetic differences between these types of herds rather than carry over environmental effects. However, the percentage that failed to complete the station test was 11.5 for boars from excellent herds, compared to 9.9 and 8.1 for boars from basic and good herds, respectively (P < 0.10). Key words: Health environment, genetic level, test station, backfat, growth rate, selection

POSTWEANING GROWTH RATE AND FEED CONVERSION RATIO OF LAMBS FED DIETS BASED ON CONCENTRATE VERSUS ROUGHAGES

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. FAHMY ◽  
P. M. FLIPOT ◽  
M. S. WOLYNETZ ◽  
J. E. COMEAU
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Group Ranking ◽  
Group Basis ◽  
Daily Gain

Sets of twin lambs from both sexes representing 11 genetic groups were fed either concentrate (HE) or roughage (LE) diets from weaning to 32 kg liveweight. One lamb from each set received the HE diet while the other received the LE diet. Data on average daily gain (ADG), relative ADG (RADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were analyzed to test for the presence of a genotype × diet interaction; this effect was significant for RADG. Although the ranking of the genetic groups with respect to RADG depended upon diet, the group ranking highest on HE was also the highest on LE. The set of twins × diet interaction was not significant for ADG or RADG. The results support the present practice in test stations of feeding lambs concentrate rations to identify their potential for growth and basing growth comparisons on a within genetic group basis. Key words: Genotype × diet interaction, growth rate, feed conversion ratio

The effect of duration of performance test on genetic gain in pigs

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
CP McPhee
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Value Determination

The problem of making the best use of a limited number of performance-testing places in the genetic improvement of pigs is examined. A model is given which balances the duration of testing and its effect on the accuracy of breeding value determination, against throughput and its effect on selection intensity. The model is a phenotypic one with easily estimated parameters in lieu of the more exact genetic one whose parameters are difficult to estimate. It is illustrated with data taken from the Queensland performance-testing station which evaluates boars on an index combining feed conversion ratio, growth rate and back fat. Full performance records from 26 to 90 kg liveweight are subdivided into four consecutive parts of equal weight interval. A range of feasible one and two stage selection schemes based on performance in one or more of these parts are compared. Relative to the present full testing scheme, the best single stage selection, that based on performance in the last two parts (3 + 4), is 14% more efficient. The best two stage selection scheme, also a 3 + 4 part test with a 50% culling at the end of part 3, is 19 0%, more efficient. Highest efficiencies are achieved by imposing a preliminary culling on growth rate before entry to the testing facility; e.g. selection of the best 25% on part 3 growth rate followed by part 4 index selection within the test facility is 36% more efficient than the present full test. The limitations of the model and some practical problems of part testing schemes are discussed.

THE INFLUENCE OF PERFORMANCE TEST DURATION AND SELECTION INTENSITY IN SWINE EVALUATION PROGRAMS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-750
Author(s):  
A. P. SATHER
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Index Selection ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Selection Intensity ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Constant Weight ◽  
Level Of Selection ◽  
Record Selection

The problem of optimizing the use of limited test station facilities was considered in terms of varying performance test duration and intensity of selection using part-record genetic parameters for feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average daily gain (ADG). Average backfat (ABF) was limited to the market weight period. Full test duration, based on 396 Lacombe barrows and gilts was 88.5 days with FCR of 2.96, ADG of 0.84 kg/day, and ABF of 19.4 mm at a market weight of 93 kg. Proportions saved (p) of tested animals based on the whole record were 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50. As test station capacity was increased by reducing test duration, p was decreased such that a constant number of animals would be retained within each level of selection intensity. Optimum test period for FCR, ADG and index selection all coincided with the same test period. However, as p increased from 0.10 to 0.50, the optimum on test weight increased from 52 kg to 65 kg with a similar corresponding increase in on-test age from 98 days to 112 days. The test terminated at market weight. Gains in efficiency were 12%, 23% and 50% for index selection when the test period began at 52 kg, for p of 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50, respectively. Since very efficient animals would be near market weight by the on-test age of 98 days, test periods defined in terms of constant weight, rather than constant age, were deemed most suitable. Other limitations to the model and use of part-record selection procedures were discussed. Key words: Swine, part records, performance evaluation, station testing

Corrigendum - The effect of duration of performance test on genetic gain in pigs

1978 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 423
Author(s):  
CP McPhee
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Equal Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Selection Scheme ◽  
Value Determination

The problem of making the best use of a limited number of performance-testing places in the genetic improvement of pigs is examined. A model is given which balances the duration of testing and its effect on the accuracy of breeding value determination, against throughput and its effect on selection intensity. The model is a phenotypic one with easily estimated parameters in lieu of the more exact genetic one whose parameters are difficult to estimate. It is illustrated with data taken from the Queensland performance-testing station which evaluates boars on an index combining feed conversion ratio, growth rate and back fat. Full performance records from 26 to 90 kg liveweight are subdivided into four consecutive parts of equal weight interval. A range of feasible one and two stage selection schemes based on performance in one or more of these parts are compared.Relative to the present full testing scheme, the best single stage selection, that based on performance in the last two parts (3 + 4), is 14% more efficient. The best two stage selection scheme, also a 3 + 4 part test with a 50% culling at the end of part 3, is 19%, more efficient. Highest efficiencies are achieved by imposing a preliminary culling on growth rate before entry to the testing facility; e.g. selection of the best 25% on part 3 growth rate followed by part 4 index selection within the test facility is 36% more efficient than the present full test. The limitations of the model and some practical problems of part testing schemes are discussed.

Evaluation of performance at slaughter of twenty combinations of three-breed crosses of pigs

1976 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Fahmy ◽  
W. B. Holtmann ◽  
T. M. MacIntyre
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Daily Gain

SUMMARYTwo castrated male pigs from each of 620 litters were fed ad libitum to 90 kg market weight at three stations. The pigs represented 20 three-breed crosses produced by mating Yorkshire, Landrace, Lacombe, Hampshire and Duroc sires to Landrace-Yorkshire, Hampshire-Landrace, Large Black-Lacombe, Large Black-Landrace, Duroc-Lacombe and Duroc-Yorkshire dams. The data on feed conversion, average daily gain, age at slaughter, backfat thickness and area of loin eye muscle were analysed by least-squares.Within breed cross of dam, pigs sired by Hampshire were consistently superior in feed conversion, carcass quality and in 3 crosses out of 5 had the fastest growth rate during the fattening period. They were, however, the oldest at 90 kg live weight. Pigs sired by Duroc ranked second in carcass quality and growth rate, whereas those sired by Landrace had the slowest growth rate. The pigs produced by Hampshire-Landrace sows were superior in carcass quality but inferior in feed conversion and growth to those from sows of the other five crosses.In descending order, the four highest ranking crosses based on an index combining average daily gain, backfat thickness and feed efficiency were Hampshire × (Landrace-Yorkshire), Hampshire × (Duroc-Lacombe), Duroc × (Landrace-Yorkshire) and Hampshire × (Large Black-Landrace).

scholarly journals Genetische Beziehungen zwischen individueller Futteraufnahme während der Eigenleistungsprüfung und Fruchtbarkeitsmerkmalen beim Schwein

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-462
Author(s):  
S. Karsten ◽  
R. Röhe ◽  
V. Schulze ◽  
H. Looft ◽  
E. Kalm
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Performance Traits ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract. Title of the paper. Genetic association between individual feed intake during Performance test and reproductions traits in pigs The present study deals with the estimation of genetic correlations between Performance test traits measured in boars and reproduction traits of their offspring (sibs) of two purebred lines. Performance traits were individual feed intake (FI) recorded by electronic feeder, feed conversion ratio (FCR), average daily gain (ADG) and backfat thickness (BF). Reproduction traits were number of total piglets born (NBT) and born alive (NBA) Data of 4869 young boars, Performance tested between April 1992 and May 1997 and data of 9710 primiparous sows farrowed between June 1994 to November 1998, were observed. Heritabilities of Performance traits recorded on Station were in line 03 (line 04) h2 = 0.24 (0.33), 0.33 (0.33), 0.23 (0.32) and 0.47 (0.53) for FI, ADG FCR and BF, respectively. Heritabilities of reproduction traits such as NBT, NBA were in line 03 (line 04) h2 = 0 05 (0.08) and 0.05 (0.06), respectively. Genetic correlation between individual feed intake and reproduction traits ranged between rg = 0.12 and 0.27. Undesirable genetic correlations were found between reproduction traits and feed efficiency (rg = 0.13 to 0.44), backfat thickness (rg = 0.07 to 0.25) and partly average daily gain (rg = −010 to 0.09). Line 04 showed lowest magnitude of feed intake and highest genetic antagonism between production and reproduction traits. It is suggested that feed intake capacity is a limiting factor for reproduction in line 04 and genetic antagonism between production and reproduction traits increases with reduction in feed intake.

SUBSTITUSI FERMENTASI BUNGKIL KELAPA SAWIT DALAM PAKAN BUATAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP BENIH IKAN GURAMI (OSPHRONEMUS GOURAMY)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida . ◽  
Eka Indah Raharjo ◽  
Arnis Maylinda Sari
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Growth Rate ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Fermentation Residue ◽  
Average Average

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan fermentasi bungkil kelapa sawit dalam pakan buatan.Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan 3 ulangan.Susunan perlakuan adalah Perlakuan A : bungkil kelapa sawit 12%, Perlakuan B : fermentasi bungkil kelapa sawit 15%, Perlakuan C : fermentasi bungkil kelapa sawit 18%, Perlakuan D : fermentasi bungkil kelapa sawit 21%. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 60 hari untuk mengetahui laju pertumbuhan spesifikberat, laju pertumbuhan harianpanjang, konversi pakan, kelangsungan hidup dan kualitas air sebagai penunjang.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pakan buatan dengan fermentasi bungkil kelapa sawit menghasilkan respon yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan ikan gurami. Pemberian pakan buatan dengan fermentasi bungkil kelapa sawit 18% (perlakuan C), memberikan hasil terbaik dengan laju pertumbuhan dengan rata – rata laju pertumbuhan spesifik berat 1.502%, laju pertumbuhan harian panjang 4.06%, nilai konversi pakan rata – rata 3.48 dan kelangsungan hidup rata – rata 90%.Kata Kunci : Fermentasi Bungkil Kelapa Sawit, Ikan Gurami, Laju PertumbuhanThe study aims to determine the use of fermentation residue oil palm in artificial feed .Research using a completely randomized design ( CRD ), which consists of 4 treatment three replications.The composition of the treatment is the treatment  A : 12 % of palm oil cake , Treatment B : fermented palm oil cake 15 % , Treatment C : fermented palm oil cake 18 % , Treatment D : fermentation residue palm oil 21 %.This research was conducted for 60 days to determine the specific growth rate of heavy , long daily growth rate , feed conversion , survival and quality of water as a supporter.The results showed the artificial feeding with fermented palm cake to produce a good response to the growth of carp.Feeding artificially by fermentation cake palm oil 18 % ( treatment C ) , gives the best results with a growth rate with the average - average growth rate of the specific weight of 1.502 % daily growth rate long- 4:06 % , the value of feed conversion average - average 3:48 and median survival - average of 90 % .Keywords : Fermentation Palm Kernel Oil, Fish carp, Growth Rate

scholarly journals Effect of BioPlus YC Probiotic Supplementation on Gut Microbiota, Production Performance, Carcass and Meat Quality of Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1581
Author(s):  
Artur Rybarczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Bogusławska-Wąs ◽  
Alicja Dłubała
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Probiotic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion

The objective of the study was to determine the effects of probiotic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis on microbiological properties of feed mixtures and on the digestive tract content as applicable to production traits and carcass characteristics of fatteners. The experiment was performed on 83,838 fatteners from four successive (insertions) productions in two groups. From the seventy eighth day of age till marketing to the slaughter plant, the pigs were supplied with BioPlus YC probiotic (Chr. Hansen) in the amount of 400 g/t. The preparation contained a complex of probiotic bacteria Bacillus licheniformis DSM 5749, and Bacillus subtilis DSM 5750 spores in a 1:1 ratio. From the fourth insertion, after reaching a body weight of approximately 112 kg, 60 fatteners were selected from each group to measure carcass quality and half of them for meat quality evaluation. Moreover, microbiological analyses in feed and colon were performed. The study showed that BioPlus YC probiotics supplementation resulted in a significantly higher count of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis in the feed, a higher count of B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and LAB, as well as a lower count of Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus, Clostridium and Bacillus sp. in the mucosa and in the colorectal content of the test pigs. Our work has shown that supplementation with the BioPlus YC probiotic had a positive effect on the production traits of pigs mainly by reducing mortality (2.83%, p = 0.010), lowering feed conversion ratio—FCR (2.59 kg/kg, p = 0.013), better average daily gain—ADG (0.95 kg/day, p = 0.002) and shorter fattening period (77.25 days, p = 0.019) when compared to the control group (4.19%; 2.79 kg/kg; 0.89 kg/day; 92.8 days, respectively). The addition of the specific Bacillus bacteria did not influence carcass and meat characteristics of the test fatteners.

scholarly journals Live Yeast or Live Yeast Combined with Zinc Oxide Enhanced Growth Performance, Antioxidative Capacity, Immunoglobulins and Gut Health in Nursery Pigs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1626
Author(s):  
Shenfei Long ◽  
Tengfei He ◽  
Sung Woo Kim ◽  
Qinghui Shang ◽  
Tadele Kiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Live Yeast

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary LY or LY combined with ZnO supplementation on performance and gut health in nursery pigs. 192 Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire piglets (weaned on d 32 of the age with 9.2 ± 1.7 kg BW) were allocated into four treatments with eight replicate pens, six piglets per pen. The treatments included a basal diet as control (CTR), an antibiotic plus ZnO diet (CTC-ZnO, basal diet + 75 mg/kg of chlortetracycline + ZnO (2000 mg/kg from d 1 to 14, 160 mg/kg from d 15 to 28)), a LY diet (LY, basal diet + 2 g/kg LY), and a LY plus ZnO diet (LY-ZnO, basal diet + 1 g/kg LY + ZnO). The results showed that pigs fed LY or LY-ZnO had increased (p < 0.05) average daily gain, serum IgA, IgG, superoxide dismutase, fecal butyric acid, and total volatile fatty acid concentrations, as well as decreased (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio and diarrhea rate compared with CTR. In conclusion, pigs fed diets with LY or LY combined with ZnO had similar improvement to the use of antibiotics and ZnO in performance, antioxidant status, immunoglobulins, and gut health in nursery pigs.

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