scholarly journals EFFECT OF MEASUREMENT METHOD, BREED, AND TECHNICIAN ON SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTS

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. COULTER ◽  
G. C. KOZUB ◽  
R. J. MAPLETOFT
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Error Components ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Beef Bulls

Three methods were used by three technicians to measure the scrotal circumference (SC) of three breeds of yearling beef bulls. Variance of an individual SC measurement was affected most by bull. Technician and measurement error components were much smaller. The Society for Theriogenology method of obtaining SC measurements was recommended for use in Canada. Key words: Scrotal circumference, methods, variance components, recommendations

HERITABILITY OF SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE IN ONE- AND TWO-YEAR-OLD BULLS OF DIFFERENT BEEF BREEDS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. COULTER ◽  
G. C. KOZUB ◽  
D. R. C. BAILEY ◽  
R. J. MAPLETOFT ◽  
W. F. CATES
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Testicular Size ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Beef Bulls

Over an 8-yr interval, (1975–1982) scrotal circumference (SC) was measured on 4557 1-yr-old beef bulls from 1796 sires and eight breeds. Measurements were taken upon completion of a 140-d growth performance test. During the period 1977–1983, SC was measured on 7835 2-yr-old beef bulls from 2570 sires and six breeds. Two-year-old bulls were measured during reproductive examinations at spring bull sales. All SC measurements were adjusted for fixed effects of location-year and age, and heritability estimates were calculated within-breed using a paternal half-sib analysis. Heritability estimates for the SC trait in Angus, Charolais, horned Hereford, polled Hereford, Shorthorn, Simmental, Limousin and Maine-Anjou breeds in 1-yr-old bulls were 0.22 ± 0.20, 0.46 ± 0.14, 0.89 ± 0.17, 0.83 ± 0.26, 1.01 ± 0.31, 0.63 ± 0.19, 0.94 ± 0.29 and 0.59 ± 0.22. Heritability estimates for SC in 2-yr-old bulls of the first six breeds were 0.00 ± 0.21, 0.60 ± 0.25, 0.57 ± 0.07, 0.65 ± 0.10, 0.69 ± 0.34 and 0.20 ± 0.24. Owing to the small number of sires or sons within sires for some breed-age groups and the exclusion of some sources of variation in the statistical model, the estimates of heritability may not be precise and should be used to indicate approximate levels of heritability for a particular breed. Key words: Heritability, testicular size, scrotal circumference, beef bulls

A comparison of production traits and welfare implications between horned and polled beef bulls

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Stookey ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
Beef Bulls ◽  
Selected Traits ◽  
The University ◽  
Daily Gain

Data from two record of performance test stations (ROP) were used to compare selected traits of polled and horned bulls. The University of Saskatchewan (SASK) ROP test station provided data on 578 Charolais (CH) and 375 Hereford (HE) bulls from 1985 to 1992, while the Alberta (ALTA) Hereford ROP station provided data on 1485 HE bulls from 1985 to 1993. Polled and horned CH bulls from SASK showed similar (P > 0.05) on-test average daily gain (ADG), while polled HE bulls from SASK showed significantly higher (P < 0.03) ADG than their horned counterparts (1.41 ± 0.01 and 1.36 ± 0.02, respectively). Polled CH bulls were 11.4% fatter than horned bulls at the end of the test (P < 0.01). No significant differences in ADG, weight per day of age (WPDA) or scrotal circumference (SC) were observed between polled and homed HE bulls in ALTA. These results show no disadvantage for polled bulls compared to horned for ADG, WPDA, adjusted SC and adjusted yearling weight. From a welfare perspective, it may be advantageous to use polled bulls to circumvent the need for dehorning. Key words: Polled horned bulls ADG test station

ESTIMATION OF GENETIC TRENDS FOR CANADIAN STATION-TESTED BEEF BULLS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. de ROSE ◽  
J. W. WILTON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Beef Bulls ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Genetic Trends

Data collected from Canadian central test stations were used to obtain estimates of genetic progress for test station average daily gain (ADG-T), height at hooks (HH), ultrasonically measured backfat thickness midway between the 11th and 12th ribs (FAT) and scrotal circumference (SC). Where possible, records for preweaning average daily gain (ADG-W) from the Federal-Provincial Herd Record of Performance program were obtained for tested bulls. Estimated breeding values were regressed on year of birth to obtain estimates of genetic trend for each trait, for the six principal breeds enrolled in the testing program: Aberdeen Angus (AA), Charolais (CH), Hereford (HE), Limousin (LM), Shorthorn (SH) and Simmental (SM). Estimated trends were generally significant with the exception of those for the LM breed, and the trait of SC. For FAT, trends were generally positive for the exotic breeds, and negative for the British breeds. Significant positive trends were observed for HH, ADG-W and ADG-T for most breeds. Examples of estimated genetic trends, for the HE breed, were 0.0022 kg d−1 yr−1, 0.0023 kg d−1 yr−1, 0.090 cm yr−1 (NS), − 0.029 mm yr−1, and 0.009 cm yr−1 (NS), respectively, for ADG-W, ADG-T, HH, FAT and SC (NS = not significant). Most estimated trends were low, in the order of 0.1 to 0.5% of population mean per year. Key words: Genetic trend, central test stations, beef bulls

Genetic and phenotypic parameter estimates for scrotal circumference and semen traits in young beef bulls

1987 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.A. Gipson ◽  
D.W. Vogt ◽  
M.R. Ellersieck ◽  
J.W. Massey
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Phenotypic Parameter ◽  
Beef Bulls

Genetic parameters for testosterone response to GnRH stimulation and scrotal circumference in tropical beef bulls

1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Mackinnon ◽  
N.J. Corbet ◽  
K. Meyer ◽  
H.M. Burrow ◽  
R.P. Bryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Beef Bulls

scholarly journals Using Genomics to Measure Phenomics: Repeatability of Bull Prolificacy in Multiple-bull Pastures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Bennett ◽  
John Keele ◽  
Larry Kuehn ◽  
Warren Snelling ◽  
Aaron Dickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Variance Components ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Beef Producers

Phenotypes are necessary for genomic evaluations and management. Sometimes genomics can be used to measure phenotypes when other methods are difficult or expensive. Prolificacy of bulls used in multiple-bull pastures for commercial beef production is an example. A retrospective study of 79 bulls aged 2-year-old and older used 141 times in 4-5 pastures across 4 years was used to estimate repeatability from variance components. Traits available before each season&rsquo;s use were tested for predictive ability. Sires were matched to calves using individual genotypes and evaluating exclusions. A lower cost method of measuring prolificacy was simulated for 5 pastures using the bulls&rsquo; genotypes and pooled genotypes to estimate average allele frequencies of calves and of cows. Repeatability of prolificacy was 0.62 &plusmn; 0.09. A combination of age-class and scrotal circumference accounted for less than 5 % of variation. Simulated estimation of prolificacy by pooling DNA of calves was accurate. Adding pooling of cow DNA or actual genotypes both increased accuracy about the same. Knowing a bull&rsquo;s prior prolificacy would help predict future prolificacy for management purposes and could be used in genomic evaluations and research with coordination of breeders and commercial beef producers.

RELATIONSHIPS OF SCROTAL CIRCUMFERENCE WITH BODY WEIGHT AND BACKFAT THICKNESS IN MULTIBREED SYNTHETIC POPULATIONS OF YOUNG BEEF BULLS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. SHARMA ◽  
R. T. BERG
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Breed Group ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
Beef Bulls

Relationships of scrotal circumference (SC) with body weight (BW) and backfat thickness (FT) as measured from scanograms were studied. A total of 935 observations on growing multibreed synthetic beef bulls on a postweaning performance test were available from a commercial herd for this study. Significant breed group, period and group × period interaction effects were noted on SC, BW and FT. BW and SC increased significantly during the test in all breed groups, while FT showed no change in three breed groups. Repeatability pooled across groups for SC was estimated as 0.72; 0.66 after adjusting for BW. Significant correlations were noticed between SC and BW within each breed group. Partial correlations between SC and BW at constant FT were not different from gross correlations. Linear regression coefficients of SC on BW were significant in all groups and showed heterogeneity among groups but not between periods within groups. Adjustments of SC for BW should, therefore, be breed group specific. BW alone accounted for considerable variation in SC, from 38 to 76%. Simple correlation coefficients between SC and FT were low and significant in only two groups. A significant but low positive relationship was noted between SC and FT at constant BW in a group fed a high-concentrate diet during the postweaning gain period, but there was no relationship in four other groups. Results indicated that the method of adjusting SC for FT as an indirect way of adjusting for scrotal fat was not satisfactory. Key words: Bulls, scrotal circumference, growth

Scrotal circumference of Australian beef bulls

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffry Fordyce ◽  
Michael R. McGowan ◽  
Allan Lisle ◽  
Tracy Muller ◽  
Jack Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Beef Bulls

Research on rotating speed measurement method of turbodrill based on tilt sensor

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622094443
Author(s):  
Wu Chuan ◽  
Wen Guojun ◽  
Han Lei
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Periodic Signal ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Speed Measurement ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Tilt Sensor

The rotating speed of turbodrill is a key parameter for adjusting the drilling process, which needs to be measured in real time. Based on this, a new rotating speed measurement method used in downhole turbodrill based on the tilt sensor is proposed in this paper. The basic principle is that a periodic signal will be generated by the tilt sensor along with the turbodrill, and then the rotating speed can be obtained by using fast Fourier transform to analyze the output data. Test results show that the measurement error is related to the inclination angle of the borehole, that is, this method cannot be used when the inclination angle is less than 0.4 degrees, while the measurement error is less than 3.5% when the inclination angle is more than 0.4 degrees, which meets the practical requirements. Compared with traditional methods, this method will not be interfered by mud, geological conditions and downhole vibration, and it is also a non-contact measurement method, which is very suitable for downhole environment.

Relationships between growth parameters and scrotal circumference in young beef bulls

1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Makarechian ◽  
A. Farid ◽  
R.T. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Beef Bulls
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