THE SEVERITY OF HYPOCUPREMIA IN SELECTD HERDS OF BEEF CATTLE IN NORTHWESTERN MANITOBA

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 919-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BOILA ◽  
T. J. DEVLIN ◽  
R. A. DRYSDALE ◽  
L. E. LILLIE
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Large Drop ◽  
Total Sulfur Content ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
Effective Source

Hypocupremia, a condition whereby blood serum copper (Cu) is less than 9.4 μmoles/L was monitored in 40 selected herds of beef cattle from northwestern Manitoba. Data from 27 herds, blood sampled in the spring and autumn of 1974, were from a study to evaluate, as a supplemental source of Cu, a single dose of injectable Cu glycinate in the spring; an additional 13 non-experimental herds were blood sampled in the autumn of 1974. The severity of hypocupremia was determined by the change in concentration of Cu in blood serum of non-Cu-injected cattle between spring and autumn, and the effect of injectable Cu glycinate upon this change of concentration of Cu in blood serum. Within groups of herds, injectable Cu either increased (P < 0.05) mean serum Cu in treated cattle, beyond that of untreated cattle, or prevented (P < 0.05) a large drop of mean serum Cu level between spring and autumn. A modified (moved 5 to 10 km eastward) eastern boundary of the Ashville Geological Formation divided northwestern Manitoba into two subregions. In the eastern subregion, a moderate hypocupremia in selected herds was due primarily to an insufficiency of Cu in pasture forage, while the moderately to extremely severe hypocupremia in selected herds from the western subregion appeared to be due to a molybdenum (Mo) toxicity. A single dose of injectable Cu was an effective source of supplemental Cu in selected herds from the eastern subregion. The severity of Cu deficiency in herds of cattle from northwestern Manitoba was not related to calculated absorption coefficents for Cu and available Cu, based on the Cu, Mo and total sulfur content of pasture forages. Differences in the severity of hypocupremia were due to differences in the concentration of Mo in forages. Key words: Beef cattle, hypocupremia, copper deficiency, molybdenum toxicity, northwestern Manitoba

Copper Deficiency with Cow's Milk Diet

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-400
Author(s):  
Yehezkel Naveh ◽  
Anna Hazani ◽  
Moshe Berant
Keyword(s):  
Serum Iron ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Bone Age ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Cow’S Milk ◽  
Cow's Milk ◽  
Iron Folic Acid

A 6-month-old full-term infant had severe anemia and neutropenia. The patient was being fed cow's milk and a diet of corn flour. Thorough investigation revealed low serum iron concentration, severe hypocupremia, low ceruloplasmin, retardation of bone age, and metaphysial irregularities and spurring. Bone marrow aspirate revealed cytoplasmic vacuolization in precursors of the erythroid and myeloid series and ringed sideroblasts. Therapy with oral iron, folic acid, and vitamin C was futile. Administration of copper sulfate resulted in brisk increase in neutrophils and reticulocytes. The child maintained normal levels of hemoglobin, neutrophils, serum copper and ceruloplasmin, and serum iron one year after copper therapy was discontinued. The probable role of unrecognized copper deficiency in causing anemia in infants more than 6 months of age is discussed, and the importance of serum copper examination in refractory iron deficiency anemia and neutropenia is stressed. To the best of our knowledge, no such case has previously been described in the literature.

scholarly journals Degenerative axonopathy associated with copper deficiency in pigs

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 911-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberio G. Olinda ◽  
Lisanka A. Maia ◽  
Maria T.S. Frade ◽  
Mauro P. Soares ◽  
Severo S. Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Purkinje Cells ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Spastic Paralysis ◽  
Myelin Sheaths ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Spinal Segments

ABSTRACT: The epidemiological, clinic and morphological (pathological and ultrastructural) aspects of four outbreaks of copper deficiency affecting 21- to 90-day-old pigs in the Northeast region of Brazil are reported. Clinical signs began with paraparesis and ataxia and progressed to flaccid or spastic paralysis of the pelvic and thoracic limbs, followed by sternal and/or lateral recumbence. In addition, some animals showed dog-sitting position and intention tremors. The clinical manifestation period was 5-20 days. Significant gross lesions were not observed; however, microscopically, symmetrical degeneration of the white matter with ballooned myelin sheaths containing occasional macrophages was observed, mainly in the spinal cord. Two pigs presented with necrosis ad loss of Purkinje cells and ectopic Purkinje cells in the granular layer and cerebellar white matter. A ultrastructural analysis showed different degrees of damage of myelinated axons in the spinal segments, including an absence of the axoplasm structures with only axonal residues remaining. The myelin sheaths were degenerated and often collapsed into the space previously occupied by the axon. These results suggest that myelin degeneration is secondary to the axonal lesion. Finally, the concentration of copper in the liver was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and was found to be low (ranging from 2.2 to 10.8 ppm). In conclusion, in the Brazilian semiarid region, Cu deficiency occurs in 21 to 90-day-old pigs that ingested different types of waste in their food.

Effectiveness of soil dressings and foliar sprays of copper sulphate in correcting copper deficiency of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Queensland

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (107) ◽  
pp. 717 ◽  
Author(s):  
NJ Grundon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Glasshouse Experiment ◽  
Vegetative And Reproductive Growth

One field and two glasshouse trials were conducted to test the effectiveness of soil and foliar applications of copper sulphate in correcting copper deficiency of wheat on a severely deficient, nearneutral clay soil in the Western Downs region of Queensland. In the field, when wheat was stressed for water from late tillering (Feekes stage 5) to anthesis (Feekes stage 11) , soil dressings of 2.5-10.0 kg CuSO4.5H2O ha-1 increased early vegetative growth but foliar symptoms of copper deficiency reappeared during stem elongation, and grain yields were negligible at all rates. A single foliar spray of 2% CuSO4.5H2O applied at mid-tillering (Feekes stage 3) also did not correct the deficiency completely: foliar symptoms reappeared and grain yield was low (141 kg ha-1). A double spray treatment, the first applied at mid-tillering and the second just before booting (Feekes stage 10), was more effective and resulted in a grain yield of 800 kg ha-1. In a glasshouse experiment supplied with adequate water, a soil dressing equivalent to 16 kg CuSO4.5H2O ha-1 (3.2 mg Culpot) completely corrected the deficiency. In a second glasshouse experiment, 2% CuSO4.5H2O solution was applied as single sprays at Feekes stages 3, 8, 9, 10 or 11, or as double sprays at Feekes stages 3 + 8, 3 + 9, 3 + 10 or 3 + 11. The most effective single spray was that applied at Feekes stage 10, but maximum dry matter and grain yield were obtained when a double spray was applied at Feekes stage 3 + 10. The effectiveness of soil and foliar applications of CuSO4.5H2O for correcting Cu deficiency of dryland wheat in Queensland soils are discussed in relation to water regime and supplying adequate Cu for both vegetative and reproductive growth.

Effectiveness of some copper compounds applied as foliar sprays in alleviating copper deficiency of wheat grown on copper-deficient soils of Western Australia

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
RF Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Copper Compounds ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The effectiveness of copper oxychloride (CU2Cl(OH)3, 52% Cu) and chelated Cu (Cu-EDTA, 15% Cu) were compared with the effectiveness of copper sulphate (CuSO4, 25% Cu) as foliar sprays for alleviating Cu deficiency and obtaining maximum grain yields of wheat (1.93-2.5 t/ha). The experiments were conducted over 4 years at 4 sites in the Lake Grace and Newdegate districts, about 300-350 km south-east of Perth, Western Australia. Each source was sprayed at 6 or 7 rates of Cu to define the relationship between grain yield and the amount of foliar Cu applied for wheat grown on soils where Cu had not been previously applied. The levels of Cu sprayed in experiment 1 were 0, 21, 63, 125, 250, and 375 g/ha, and for experiments 2,3 and 4, the levels of Cu were 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 g/ha. The relative effectiveness of foliar-applied chelated Cu and CU2Cl(OH)3, compared with CuSO4, was 1.72-2.24 and 0.47-0.63, respectively. Although the relative effectiveness of each product was different, similar quantities of each were required to achieve maximum wheat grain yield because of the difference in the Cu contents of each source of Cu. The amounts of Cu product sprayed for maximum grain yields of wheat varied within the ranges 0.9-1.8 kg/ha, 0.8-1.2 kg/ha and 0.8-1.8 kg/ha for CuSO4, chelated Cu and CU2Cl(OH)3, respectively.

scholarly journals Population Dynamics of Salmonella enterica within Beef Cattle Cohorts Followed from Single-Dose Metaphylactic Antibiotic Treatment until Slaughter

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizem Levent ◽  
Ashlynn Schlochtermeier ◽  
Samuel E. Ives ◽  
Keri N. Norman ◽  
Sara D. Lawhon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Antibiotic use in cattle can select for multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica, which is considered a serious threat by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A randomized controlled longitudinal field trial was designed to determine the long-term effects of a single dose of ceftiofur or tulathromycin on Salmonella population characteristics in cattle feces and peripheral lymph nodes and on hides. A total of 134 beef cattle from two sources were divided among 12 pens, with cattle in each of the 3-pen blocks receiving a single dose of either ceftiofur or tulathromycin or neither (control) on day 0. Fecal samples were collected before treatment (day 0) and repeatedly following treatment until slaughter (day 99+). Hide and lymph node samples were collected at slaughter age. Salmonella prevalence, phenotypic antimicrobial resistance, serotype, and phylogenetic relationships were examined. Multilevel mixed logistic regression models indicated no significant effects (P ≥ 0.218) of metaphylactic antibiotics on the prevalence of Salmonella across sample types. However, there was a significant time effect observed, with prevalence increasing from spring through the midsummer months (P < 0.0001) in feces. The majority of Salmonella isolates were pansusceptible to a panel of 14 antibiotics both before and after treatment. Highly prevalent Salmonella serotypes were Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo, Salmonella enterica serovar Anatum, Salmonella enterica serovar Cerro, and Salmonella enterica serovar Lubbock across all sample types. Strong pen and cattle source serotype clustering effects were observed among Salmonella isolates originating from fecal, lymph node, and hide samples; however, the potential role of Salmonella isolates from the pen environment prior to animal placement was not assessed in this study. IMPORTANCE Salmonella is a leading bacterial foodborne pathogen, causing a significant number of human infections and deaths every year in the United States. Macrolides and 3rd-generation cephalosporins play critical roles in the treatment of human salmonellosis. Use of these antibiotics in beef cattle can select for resistant bacteria that may enter the food chain or spread from the farm via manure. There is a lack of longitudinal research concerning the long-term effects of metaphylactic antibiotic administration. Here, we assessed Salmonella population dynamics during the feeding period until slaughter following single-dose antibiotic treatment. We found no long-term effects of antibiotic use early in the cattle-feeding period on Salmonella prevalence and antimicrobial resistance at slaughter. We identified the pens in which cattle were housed as the factor that contributed most to Salmonella serotypes being shared; importantly, the dominant strain in each pen changed repeatedly over the entire feeding period.

Intra-articular Therapy of Osteoarthritis Using Drugs on the Base of Blood Serum

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Yu M Chernyakova ◽  
L S Pinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Local Inflammation ◽  
Biophysical Properties ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
And Cartilage

Comparison of biochemical composition and biophysical properties showed the pathogenetic expediency of blood serum use as a corrector of synovial environment in joints affected by osteoarthritis. For serum modification the patients were preliminary given a single dose of drug only. Then patient's blood was collected in the period of its maximum saturation by preparation. Serum obtained was applied in patients with knee joint osteoarthritis of 2-3 stages using three intra-articular injections. The evaluation of treatment results 5-6 months after treatment completion showed a significantly better and more stable therapeutic effect in test group as compared with patients from control group. Positive effect was stipulated by pain decrease, normalization of articular tissue trophicity, depression of local inflammation and cartilage lubrication improvement.

Sensitivity and specificity of serum copper determination for detection of copper deficiency in feeder calves

2001 ◽  
Vol 218 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald K. Tessman ◽  
Jeff Lakritz ◽  
Jeff W. Tyler ◽  
Stan W. Casteel ◽  
James E. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Copper Determination

Copper deficiency in young Eucalyptusmaculata plantations

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dell ◽  
T. Bywaters
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Axillary Shoots ◽  
Southwestern Australia ◽  
Normal Shoot ◽  
Cu Deficiency

Copper deficiency has been identified as the cause of distorted growth symptoms in 2- to 3-year-old stands of Eucalyptusmaculata Hook, established on a disturbed laterite-pallid zone profile in southwestern Australia. The main symptoms of Cu deficiency were undulate leaf margins, shoot dieback, enlarged nodes giving rise to numerous short-lived axillary shoots, and reduced lignification of wood. Visible symptoms were associated with depressed foliar Cu concentrations (mean 1.1 μg•g−1 compared with mean 1.9 μg•g−1 for healthy trees). Normal shoot growth in affected trees was restored by the addition of CuSO4 to the soil or as a foliar spray.

scholarly journals Energy status-promoted growth and development of Arabidopsis require copper deficiency response transcriptional regulator SPL7

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Schulten ◽  
Bjoern Pietzenuk ◽  
Julia Quintana ◽  
Marcus Krause ◽  
Regina Feil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Plant Acclimation ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Arabidopsis Proteins

Copper (Cu) is a cofactor of around 300 Arabidopsis proteins including photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transfer chain enzymes critical for ATP production and carbon fixation. Plant acclimation to Cu deficiency requires the transcription factor SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE7 (SPL7). We report that in the wild type and in the spl7-1 mutant, respiratory electron flux via Cu-dependent cytochrome c oxidase remained unaffected under both normal and low-Cu cultivation conditions. Contrary to the wild type, supplementing Cu-deficient media with exogenous sugar failed to stimulate growth of spl7-1. The spl7-1 mutant accumulated carbohydrates including the signaling sugar trehalose 6-phosphate, as well as ATP and NADH, also under normal Cu supply and without sugar supplementation. Late flowering of spl7 1 was in agreement with its attenuated sugar responsiveness. Functional TOR and SnRK1 kinase signaling in spl7-1 suggested against fundamental defects in these energy-signaling hubs. Sequencing of chromatin immunoprecipitates combined with transcriptomics identified direct targets of SPL7-mediated positive regulation, including FE SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE1 (FSD1), COPPER-DEFICIENCY-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR1 (CITF1) and uncharacterized bHLH23 (CITF2), as well as an enriched upstream GTACTRC motif. In summary, transducing energy availability into growth and reproductive development requires the function of SPL7. Our results could help to increase crop yields, especially on Cu-deficient soils.

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