RESPONSES OF GROWING-FINISHING PIGS TO CANOLA-SUPPLEMENTED DIETS BASED ON BARLEY, SPRING OR WINTER WHEATS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL ◽  
D. T. SPURR
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Relative Consumption ◽  
Key Words Barley ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
To Receive

Six diets were prepared using Bonanza barley (B, 1.78% N), Neepawa spring wheat (SW, 2.50% N) or Norstar winter wheat (WW, 2.11% N) with canola meal (CM, 5.70% N) or soybean meal (SBM, 7.62% N) as the protein supplement. Four of the diets (B-15%SBM, B-22%CM, SW-5%CM and WW-15%CM) were formulated to contain 16% crude protein (CP, N × 6.25), while the other diets (SW-15%CM, 18% CP; WW-5%CM, 14% CP) were included to facilitate comparison of both CM inclusion rates in diets based on each wheat. One pen, containing two females and two male castrates, was assigned to receive each diet, ad libitum, from two initial weights (averaging 22.6 and 31.7 kg) to market weight (91 kg). Among pigs receiving the 16% CP diets, growth rates favored the barley-fed groups (802 g∙pig−1∙day−1) and were lowest for those fed the SW-5% CM diet (732 g∙pig−1∙day−1, P < 0.05). Feed:gain ratios ranged from 3.48:1 (B-22%CM) to 3.93:1 (SW-5%CM). Carcass measurements revealed a corresponding pattern with barley-fed pigs producing the leaner carcasses. Results from pigs fed the four wheat-based diets suggested that cultivar effects were minor when the same level of protein supplement was used. Apparent digestibilities of energy ranged from 76% for B diets to 89% for SW and WW diets while coefficients of N digestibility were 68% (B diets), 85% (WW diets) and 88% (SW diets). A palatability study, based on relative consumption of paired diets, revealed a preference for Neepawa over Norstar and for the lower CM levels. Key words: Barley, canola, growing pigs, wheat

scholarly journals Rapeseed meal of low- and high-glucosinolate type fed to growing-finishing pigs

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi ◽  
Timo Alaviuhkola ◽  
Kaija Suomi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Growth Trial

The nutritive value of five lots of rapeseed meal (RSM) from Brassica campestris or B. napus with different levels of glucosinolates (GL) was investigated in a digestibility and balance trial with a 5 x 5 Latin square design and in a growth trial with 140 growing-finishing pigs. The RSM’s were prepared from the cultivars: Span-Torch, Sigga, Gulliver and Topas, and a heat-treated RSM was also studied, their total GL contents (µmol/g defatted meal) being 42, 11, 98, 27 and 8, respectively. Cv. Sigga had yellow hulls and a lower ADF content than the other cultivars. The hat-treated RSM had a reduced lysine content. There were no significant (P > 0.05) differences in organic matter or crude protein digestibilities between the RSM’s with different GL levels or the RSM’s prepared from B. campestris and B. napus, when RSM was used as the only protein supplement at a level of 20—25 % in a barley-based diet. Heat treatment reduced the organic matter and crude protein digestibilities (P < 0.01). Nitrogen retention and protein utilization were lower (P < 0.01) on the diet supplemented with heat-treated RSM than on the diets with the other RSM’s but otherwise there were no significant differences between them (P > 0.05). In the growth trial supplementation with HGL-RSM Gulliver (14 % in diet) caused some palatability problems and this led to reduced performance (P < 0.05), but there were no differences between the other groups receiving 14—15 % RSM and the SBM control group (P > 0.05). The carcass quality was similar in all the groups. The weight of the thyroid gland was higher in the pigs receiving RSM than in the SBM controls, by 6—57 % (P < 0.05). In the present study a fairly high RSM supplements from cultivars with a moderate high GL content could be used in the diet of growing pigs without impairing their performance, when the diet was formulated on the basis of the digestible nutrients of RSM. Heat-treated RSM, with protein of low rumen degradability, is of poor value in pig feeding due to the low digestibility and availability of its protein.

The effects of rapeseed meal on the growth, feed intake, feed utilization and carcase characteristics of grower finisher pigs

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (63) ◽  
pp. 375 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Taverner ◽  
PD Mullaney
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

The effects of replacing part or all of meat meal with rapeseed meal as the only protein supplement to diets based on wheat and fed to grower and finisher pigs were studied in two experiments using a factorial design which included two levels of feeding (restricted and ad libitum), two levels of lysine (0 and 0.3 per cent lysine HCl) and two sexes (gilt and barrow). When the intake of pigs was restricted rapeseed meal was able to replace 50 per cent of the meat meal protein without affecting growth performance. However, when rapeseed meal comprised greater than 14 per cent of the diet there was a depression in performance. Under ad libitum feeding conditions the replacement of any meat meal by rapeseed meal depressed performance apparently due to a lack of palatability of rapeseed meal. Diets based on wheat and supplemented with meat meal alone or with up to 75 per cent of meat meal protein replaced by rapeseed meal protein were found limiting in lysine content for growing pigs but adequate for finishing pigs.

The effect of using fibrous feeds as nutrient diluents on the carcass quality and performance of finishing pigs fed ad libitum

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 10-10
Author(s):  
B P Gill ◽  
A G Taylor ◽  
B Hardy ◽  
J G Perrott
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Meat Eating ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
And Performance

Satisfactory levels of performance and improved carcass and meat eating quality in growing pigs fed high levels of sugar beet pulp (SBP) have been recently demonstrated by Kay et al. (1990) and Longland et al. (1991). One of the main advantages from feeding SBP was a reduction in carcass fatness and increased returns from improved grading. The objective of this work was to determine whether these benefits could be sustained to heavier finishing weights and to compare differences in the response to SBP as a source of readily fermentable non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and to oat feed (OF), a cereal by-product high in insoluble NSP, which is less easily degraded.

A note on the effect of sudden changes in the composition of the diet of growing pigs

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-317
Author(s):  
R. M. Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Per Se

SUMMARYTwo diets, one based on barley and white-fish meal and the other on oats, wheat and meat and bone meal, with similar concentrations of digestible energy, crude protein, lysine and methionine+cystine were used to investigate the effects of sudden changes in the composition of the diet on the performance of pigs growing from 32 kg live weight, over a period of 77 days.The diets were given separately, alternated weekly with sudden changes from one diet to the other, or as a 1:1 mixture.Changes in diet per se had insignificant effects on performance.

RESPONSE OF GROWING-FINISHING PIGS TO DIETARY INCLUSION OF GREEN FOXTAIL (Setaria viridis) SEEDS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066
Author(s):  
A. G. CASTELL
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Ad Libitum

Increasing the level of wheat screenings (95% green foxtail seeds) from 0 to 25% in diets fed ad libitum over the period from 34 to 89 kg liveweight resulted in an increased daily feed intake (P < 0.05), reduced (P < 0.05) feed efficiency and apparent digestibility, but produced no consistent effects on growth rate or carcass composition. Key words: Growing pigs, green foxtail, Setaria viridis, carcass, digestibility

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF FLOOR TYPE ON SERUM FOLATES, SERUM VITAMIN B12, PLASMA BIOTIN AND ON GROWTH PERFORMANCES OF PIGS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BILODEAU ◽  
G. J. BRISSON ◽  
J. J. MATTE ◽  
A. M. B. de PASSILLÉ ◽  
C. L. GIRARD
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
B Complex Vitamins

Forty-eight 5-wk-old piglets were grouped into six blocks of eight pigs each. Each block comprised two pens of four pigs, two castrates and two females; one pen had a solid floor (free access to feces) while the other had a slatted floor (limited access to feces). Pigs were fed ad libitum a diet computed to meet NRC requirements for 18 wk. Every 14 d, each animal was weighed and a blood sample was taken for the determination of folates, vitamin B12, biotin, hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (Ht) levels. There was no effect (P > 0.05) of floor type on serum folates or vitamin B12, nor on plasma biotin which averaged, respectively, 72.2 ± 2.9 ng mL−1, 246.0 ± 21.3 pg mL−1 and 1.34 ± 0.1 ng mL−1 at the end of the experiment. Biotin concentration was about 16-fold greater in the feces than in the diet, which was indicative of active bacterial synthesis of B-complex vitamins in the gut. Hb and Ht were about 4% higher (P < 0.05) in pigs on slatted floors than in those on solid floors. From 5 to 11 wk, pigs raised on slatted floors grew faster (P < 0.05) than those raised on solid floors, but growth rate was similar (P > 0.05) on both floor types from 11 to 23 wk. The results suggest that whatever the age of growing pigs, coprophagy is not an important way by which these animals meet their requirements in B-complex vitamins. Key words: Pigs, floor type, coprophagy, folates, vitamin B12, biotin

Nutritional evaluation of very low glucosinolate canola meal

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Bell ◽  
M. O. Keith ◽  
D. S. Hutcheson
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two very low glucosinolate (VLG) canola meals from crop years 1987 and 1988 (CM; 1.66 and 0.53 μmol g−1) and two Tobin CM (B. campestris) (10.71 and 15.62 μmol g−1) were evaluated in experiments with pigs. In exp. 1, 1987 Tobin CM, VLG-CM and soybean meal (SBM) were compared in individually fed meal and pelleted diets. Daily gains from 23 to 57 kg were similar for the CMs (VLG-CM 662 g, Tobin CM 645 g) but lower than those obtained with SBM (730 g; P < 0.01). Daily feed intakes of pigs fed CM were lower than for those fed SBM (P < 0.05). Plasma thyroxine (T4) levels were similar for SBM and VLG-CM and were above those from pigs fed Tobin (P < 0.05) CM. Triiodothyronine (T3) levels were lower for VLG-CM than for SBM (P < 0.05) and the T3 value for Tobin CM was intermediate. Pelleting enhanced T3 (0.70 vs 0.94 ng mL−1) and T4 (50 vs. 60 ng mL−1) levels with all protein supplements (P < 0.01). In exp. 2, similar diets were fed ad libitum. Daily gains for SBM were greater than for Tobin CM (803 vs. 744, P < 0.05) and gains for pigs fed VLG-CM was 774 g. Daily feed intakes were similar (2.01, 1.99 and 1.92 kg). In exp. 3 energy digestibility of 1987 VLG-CM was greater (P < 0.01) than for Tobin CM (75.0 vs 67.4% for 30-kg pigs). Apparent digestibility coefficients of crude protein (CP) were 71.9, 71.2 and 71.6 in 16% CP diets. In exp. 4 Tobin and VLG-CMs from 1987 and 1988 crops were compared with SBM and commercial CM using 96 pigs (48M, 48F). Daily gains and feed intakes were similar for the CMs but T3 and T4 values were below those of SBM (P < 0.05). Key words: Canola meal, very low glucosinolate, digestibility, feeding value, pigs

Sunflower expellers have greater ileal digestibility of amino acids than sunflower meal, but there are only minor variations among different sources of sunflower meal when fed to growing pigs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimena A Ibagon ◽  
Su A Lee ◽  
Hans H Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The objective was to test the hypothesis that there is no effect of origin or processing procedure on the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) and crude protein (CP) in sunflower co-products. Six sources of sunflower meal (SFM) and 1 source of sunflower expellers (SFE) were obtained from Ukraine, Italy, Hungary, and the U.S. Each source of SFM or SFE was the only source of CP and AA in 1 diet and an N-free diet was also used for a total of 8 diets. Eight barrows (body weight: 28.5 ± 2.4 kg) had a T-cannula installed in the distal ileum and were allotted to 1 of the 8 diets using an 8 × 8 Latin square design with 8 periods. The Lys:CP ratio in the 6 sources of SFM ranged from 3.10 to 3.96% with CP concentrations ranging from 27.34 to 36.75%. Crude protein in SFE was 26.87% and the Lys:CP ratio was 3.51%. Concentrations of acid hydrolyzed ether extract in the 6 sources of SFM ranged from 0.60 to 3.11%, but SFE contained 8.77%. Results indicated that the SID of CP was lower (P &lt; 0.05) in SFM from Hungary compared with all other sources of SFM except for 1 of the sources from Ukraine. There were no differences in the SID of Lys, Met, and Trp among sources of SFM, but for most of the remaining indispensable AA, the SFM from Hungary had less (P &lt; 0.05) SID than the other sources. However, only few differences in SID of indispensable AA were observed among the other sources of SFM, but the SID of CP and all AA except Trp was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in SFE compared with SFM. In conclusion, there were only few differences in the SID of the first limiting AA among SFM obtained from Ukraine, Hungary, Italy, and the U.S., but the SID of CP and AA was greater in SFE than in SFM indicating that processing of sunflower seeds influence the nutritional value.

The value of feather meal as a protein supplement for growing pigs

1965 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Barber ◽  
R. Braude ◽  
A. G. Chamberlain ◽  
Zena D. Hosking ◽  
K. G. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Feather Meal ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Total Crude Protein

SUMMARYThe results of a nitrogen balance experiment with growing pigs have shown that 5 % feather meal was inferior to 7 % white-fish meal, when both supplements supplied the same amount of total crude protein in a barleyweatings- minerals-vitamins ration.A comparative feeding trial in which white-fish meal was partially replaced by feather meal in the diets given to growing pigs gave inconclusive results.

Moist barley preserved with propionic acid in the diet of the growing pig

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. English ◽  
J. H. Topps ◽  
D. G. Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYThe feeding value of three forms of acid-treated moist barley, viz. 26 % moisture and either rolled or plate-milled, and 29 % moisture plate-milled, was compared with that of dried hammer-milled barley for growing pigs from 23 to 87 kg live weight. Two feeding experiments were undertaken, one in which individual pigs were given the same amount of dry matter from all the diets, while in the other, groups of pigs were fed ad libitum. Digestibility of the diet was determined in a third experiment.In both feeding experiments differences between treatments in efficiency of utilization of dry matter in the feed were significant (P<0·05), that for the diet containing dried barley being approximately 5% better than the other three. There were no significant differences between treatments in intake of dry matter, rate of growth and carcass quality of the pigs. However, pigs fed on dried barley apparently grew more rapidly than those given any of the acid-treated moist barleys. Differences in digestibility of the diets were very small and not significant except for crude protein. Differences in digestibility of protein (P<0·05), however, were not consistent with differences in efficiency of conversion of dry matter in the feed.

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