COMPARISON OF THE HEIFER REPRODUCTION TRAITS OF THE DAUGHTERS OF SEVERAL SIRE GROUPS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. BATRA ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER ◽  
A. J. LEE ◽  
J. P. CHESNAIS ◽  
J. P. F. DARISSE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Retained Placenta ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Sire Group ◽  
National Cooperative

Ages at first heat and first conception, age and weight at first calving, number of services per conception, and incidence of difficult calving and retained placenta were obtained from 853 heifers of the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding project of the Research Branch of Agriculture Canada. Among these, 483 heifers were from Agriculture Canada Research Branch Holstein cows and by Research Branch, Canadian and U.S. Holstein sires (H line). The other heifers were from Research Branch Ayrshire cows and by Research Branch, Canadian, U.S. and Finnish Ayrshire as well as Brown Swiss and Norwegian Red sires (A line). The data were analyzed by least squares analysis of variance using a model containing fixed effects of station, year of birth, season of birth, line, sire groups within line, and sires within sire group within line. The effects of station and line were significant for most of the heifer reproduction traits studied while the effect of year of birth was only significant for age at first conception and weight at first calving. H line heifers on the average showed first heat 27 days earlier, were 11 days younger at first conception, were 13 days younger at first calving, were 33 kg heavier at first calving, had 30% more difficult calving and 9% fewer retained placenta than the A line heifers. Differences among the sire groups within the H line were small and nonsignificant while within the A line they were significant for age at first heat and weight at first calving. Key words: Heifer reproduction traits, dairy cattle

COMPARISON AMONG SIRE GROUPS IN CONCEPTION RATE, GESTATION LENGTH AND CALVING EASE OF THEIR MATES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. BATRA ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER ◽  
A. J. LEE ◽  
G. L. ROY ◽  
J. P. F. DARISSE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Retained Placenta ◽  
Sire Group ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
National Cooperative ◽  
Calving Difficulty

Data on conception rate, gestation length, incidence of calving difficulty and retained placenta were obtained from 269 heifers and 525 cows as mates of the pureline foundation phase sires of the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project. The data were analyzed by least squares separately for heifers and cows using a model containing fixed effects for station, year of calving, season of calving, sex of calf, line, sire groups within line, sires within sire group and line, birth weight of the calf as a covariate and residual. Effect of age at first calving was used as a covariate in the heifer data while the effect of parity was included in the cow data. The effect of station, year of calving, season of calving, line, sire groups within line and sires within sire group and line were significant (P < 0.05) for gestation length of heifers and cows. Other significant (P < 0.05) effects in heifers were age at calving on conception rate, sex and birth weight of the calf on calving difficulty. In addition the effects of sex and birth weight of the calf on gestation length, station and parity on calving difficulty and station and line on retained placenta were significant in cows. Key words: Reproductive performance, dairy cattle

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN SIRE GROUPS IN BODY MEASUREMENTS AND BODY WEIGHT CHANGES OF LACTATING COWS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
C. Y. LIN ◽  
T. R. BATRA ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER ◽  
A. J. LEE ◽  
J. P. F. DARISSE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Sire Group ◽  
National Cooperative

Body weights and measurements of 694 first, 519 second and 329 third lactation cows in five Research Branch herds of the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project of Agriculture Canada were studied. The A line cows were daughters of U.S., Canadian and Finnish Ayrshire proven bulls, Brown Swiss and Norwegian Red proven bulls and young Research Branch Ayshire bulls and Research Branch Ayrshire cows. Highly selected U.S. and Canadian Holstein proven bulls and young Research Branch bulls mated to Research Branch Holstein cows produced the H-line cows. The model for analysis contained fixed effects for station, year of birth, line, sire group within line and sire within sire group within line as classification variables and age at calving as a covariable. Sire group, line, station and sire had significant effects on all weights studied. However, most effects were not significant for weight changes. Daughters of Brown Swiss and Norwegian Red sires were nearly as heavy as the daughters of Holstein bulls. On average, cows lost about 20 kg of weight from calving to 56 days postpartum of first lactation. The older first calvers were found to lose more weight from calving to 56 days of first lactation and gain less weight from 56 days postpartum onward than the younger first calvers. The effects of station, line and age at calving were significant for most body measurements. Sire group effects were significant for 13 out of 24 measurements. Significant differences between sire groups existed in stature (withers height) at all lactations and ages. In contrast, body length (shoulder to hook) did not differ significantly between sire groups from 112 days of first lactation onward. Key words: Body weight changes, body measurements, dairy cattle

RELATIONSHIPS OF REPRODUCTION TRAITS, BODY WEIGHT AND MILK YIELD IN DAIRY CATTLE

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. BATRA ◽  
A. J. LEE ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
National Cooperative

The relationships between reproduction traits, body weight and milk yield were investigated using data from 1611 heifers and 733 cows from two lines of the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project. The data were analyzed separately for heifers and cows within lines using a mixed linear model containing fixed effects for station, year of birth, season of birth and random effect of sires. Heritability estimates and genetic correlations were estimated by a paternal half-sib analysis. Heritability estimates for heifer and cow reproduction traits ranged between 0 and 26% while those of body weights at calving and 112 d postpartum and milk yield ranged from 24 to 43%. Heifers with difficult calving had a higher incidence of retained placenta than those with normal calving. Phenotypic correlations between heifer reproduction traits and milk yield during first lactation were small. High milk production in cows was associated with longer calving interval. Phenotypic correlations between heifer's and cow's reproduction traits were small. Difficult calving in heifers impairs reproductive performance after calving resulting in greater number of days from calving to first and last breeding and leading to a longer calving interval. Key words: Reproduction traits, heifers, cows, milk yield, dairy cattle

A comparison of Canadian Holstein bulls with those in the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
A. J. Lee ◽  
A. J. McAllister ◽  
C. Y. Lin ◽  
T. R. Batra
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Selection For ◽  
National Cooperative

Direct comparisons of industry Holsteins to project Holsteins and to crossbred C lines in the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project were made at Ottawa. The industry Holstein group was composed of the eight Holstein young bulls in AI units awaiting proof in 1984, which had the highest pedigree indexes for protein yield. They were mated to both Holstein and crossbred C line females at Ottawa. Project Holstein and C line bulls were mated to females of their respective lines. Matings within the crossbred C line resulted in greater calving ease and fewer retained placentae (P < 0.05) than matings of Holsteins to either Holstein or C line females. Crossbred C line cattle were smaller and produced less milk, fat and protein in the first 24 wk of first lactation than Holsteins. Project and industry Holstein progeny were equivalent in early first lactation, milk fat and protein yield, but progeny of industry bulls were larger at all ages. Selection for protein yield over 14 yr in a 300 milking cow population produced young bulls of comparable genetic merit for production traits to that of intensely pedigree selected industry bulls. Key words: Holstein, selection, crossbred, yield, heifer

Lifetime profitability measures for dairy cows and their relationships to lifetime performance traits

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Kulak ◽  
J. C. M. Dekkers ◽  
A. J. McAllister ◽  
A. J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Productive Life ◽  
Lifetime Performance ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Alternative Measures ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
National Cooperative ◽  
Total Life

The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare alternative measures of individual cow lifetime profitability and to determine what lifetime traits are significantly related to profitability of dairy cattle. Profitability measures considered were: 1) lifetime milk revenue minus lifetime feed costs (MMF); 2) lifetime profit (LP); 3) discounted lifetime profit (DLP); 4) annualized DLP per year of total life (ADLPLTL); 5) annualized DLP per year of productive life (ADLPLPL); 6) DLP adjusted for opportunity cost of postponed replacement (DLPOC), and 7) economic efficiency (EF). Data for this study consisted of 1112 lifetime performance records of Holstein cows from the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project, which was implemented by Agriculture Canada in 1972. Correlations were highest among MMF, LP, and DLP. EF had slightly lower correlations with MMF, LP, and DLP, but higher with ADLPLTL and ADLPLPL. ADLPLPL and DLPOC had low correlations with all other measures. DLPOC was recommended as the best because it considered the opportunity costs of postponed replacement.For DLPOC, average milk revenue per lactation was found to be the most important income trait, followed by length of productive life. Days dry (average over completed lactations) had the greatest negative impact on profitability. Age at first calving and average number of veterinary treatments for reproductive diseases over lactations were both negative contributions to profit. Lifetime traits accounted for 65% of variation in DLPOC. Key words: Dairy cow, profitability, lifetime traits

RELATIONSHIPS AMONG UDDER MEASUREMENTS, MILKING SPEED, MILK YIELD AND CMT SCORES IN YOUNG DAIRY COWS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. BATRA ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
National Cooperative

Heritabilities, phenotypic and genetic correlations among udder measurements (front teat length, front teat diameter, rear teat length, rear teat diameter, teat distance, udder height), milking speed, and milk yield were estimated for a Holstein line (H) and an Ayrshire-based line (A). Data from 1159 first lactation heifers in the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project were used. A subset of these data from 385 cows measured for the above traits plus California Mastitis Test (CMT) Score were analyzed to estimate relationships among udder measurements, milking speed, milk yield, and CMT score. Front teats were on the average 0.7 cm longer than rear teats. Heritability estimates of udder measurements, milking speed, and milk yield were moderate and ranged from 24% to 57% for the H line, 22% to 61% for the A line and 16% to 51% for the subset of data, except for teat distance in the H line which had a heritability of 5%. Heritability of CMT score was zero. Udders that were closer to the ground tended to have longer and wider teats. High-producing cows milked faster, had lower CMT score, and had udders closer to the ground than low producing cows. Genetic correlations of udder measurements with milking speed and milk yield were small and nonsignificant except for front teat diameter and teat distance which were negatively correlated with milk yield in H line heifers. Key words: Udder measurements, milking speed, milk yield, CMT score, dairy cattle

BODY WEIGHTS AND DIMENSIONS OF PURELINE AND CROSSLINE HEIFERS OF THE CANADIAN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING PROJECT

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. BATRA ◽  
A. J. McALLISTER ◽  
A. J. LEE ◽  
C. Y. LIN ◽  
G. L. ROY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Linear Unbiased Prediction ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
National Cooperative

Data on body weights and dimensions from birth to 82 wk of age on 1216 heifers of the National Cooperative Dairy Cattle Breeding Project were analyzed using best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) procedures. The effects of station, year of birth, dam's parity, line of sire, line of dam, interaction between line of sire and line of dam and sires within sire line were estimated. Age at first calving was included in the model as a covariate for body weights and dimensions taken after 50 wk of age. All effects except sire were assumed to be fixed. The effect of station was significant (P < 0.01) for all traits studied. The effects of year of birth and dam's parity were significant (P < 0.05) for more than half of the traits studied. Line of sire, line of dam and their interaction effects were significant (P < 0.05) for most of the body weights and dimensions. The effect of line of dam was much greater than line of sire for all traits. The non-additive genetic effect from crossing lines H and A resulted in a 1.9–3.8% increase in body weights and up to 1.6% increase in body dimensions taken from birth to 82 wk of age. Key words: Body weights, dimensions, pureline, crossline, dairy cattle

The current state of the breeding base in the Smolensk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
E. Prishchep ◽  
V. Tsys ◽  
D. Leutina
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Current State ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Breeding Farms ◽  
Economic Use

Dairy cattle breeding in the Smolensk region is the most promising direction of development of agriculture. In this regard the purpose of the work has been to study and analyze the state of the breeding base in dairy cattle breeding in the region. Breeding base in the Smolensk region at present time is represented by three breeding farms (nucleuses) and 12 breeding farms fof breeding Brown Swiss, Sychevskaya, Vazuzskiy type of Sychevskaya breed, Holstein and Black-and-White breeds. In the breeding farms of the region in 2018 the number of cattle was 21 484 heads, which is by 19,4 % less than in 2017. The reduction of livestock has been occurred due to the reduction of cows by 15,4 % and reduction of offspring, but the sale of breeding young animals has been increased by 38 %. The term of economic use of cows according the breed has been varied from 3,2 (Holstein breed) to 4,7 calving (Brown Swiss). At intensive rearing of breeding heifers with their first fertilization at the age of 16– 18 months the average productivity of cows in the future may reach the level of 5500–6000 thousand kg of milk per lactation. Payback all costs under this is happening for 1,5–2,0 lactations. According to the valuation for 2018 highest yield of milk has been obtained in the herd in breeding farm OOO “Zolotaya Niva” (Holstein breed) – 9700 kg of milk and yield of fat 311 and protein 351 kg. Eff ective use of highly productive animals contributes to the improvement of the genealogical structure of the herd and the breed increases the chances of getting even more highly productive and valuable descendants.

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