scholarly journals EFFECT OF DIETARY VICINE ON THE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF LAYING CHICKENS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID S. MUDUULI ◽  
RONALD R. MARQUARDT ◽  
WILHELM GUENTER
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Erythrocyte Hemolysis ◽  
Lower Ratio

Experiments were conducted to study the effects of dietary vicine [2,6-diamino-4,5-dihydroxy pyrimidine-5 (β-D-glucopyranoside)] on feed consumption, egg and yolk weight, egg production, egg fertility and hatchability, in vitro hemolysis of red blood cells, plasma lipid levels, and the peroxide, glutathione and vitamin E levels in plasma and/or liver. Vicine, when fed to laying hens, reduced the number of developing ova, egg and yolk weights and the fertility and hatchability of eggs. Yolks from vicine-fed birds had a lower ratio of yolk height:diameter and increased incidence of blood spots. Vicine consumption also elevated plasma lipid and lipid peroxide levels, increased erythrocyte hemolysis, and depressed the ratio of plasma vitamin E:lipid. In addition these birds had heavier livers with higher lipid peroxide and GSH levels. However, liver and plasma protein and liver lipid levels were not affected by dietary vicine. The effects of dietary vicine in these studies were not due to altered feed consumption of the birds. It is concluded that vicine, which was isolated from fababeans (Vicia faba L.), has a marked influence on the metabolism of the laying hen. Vicine may produce pro-oxidants that cause lipid peroxidation, erythrocyte hemolysis and interfere with normal lipid metabolism in the hen.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary vicine and vitamin E supplementation on the productive performance of growing and laying chickens

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Muduuli ◽  
Ronald R. Marquardt ◽  
Wilhelm Guenter
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Peroxide ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Supplemental Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

1. Experiments were conducted to study the effects of dietary vicine (2, 6-diamino-4, 5 dihydroxy pyrimidine-5 (β-D-glucopyranoside)) and supplemental vitamin E on the performance of laying hens and growing chicks.2. Chicks fed on diets that contained vicine had similar growth rates but slightly higher levels of spontaneous haemolysis of erythrocytes than birds fed on a control diet.3. Vicine when fed to laying hens had a very dramatic effect. It depressed food consumption, egg weight, fertility and hatchability of eggs, packed cell volume and erythrocyte haemoglobin levels and led to increased liver weights, liver glutathione levels, liver and plasma lipid levels, plasma lipid peroxide levels and erythrocyte haemolysis in vitro. Liver protein and plasma vitamin E:lipid levels were not altered. Vitamin E supplementation slightly increased egg weights, markedly improved fertility and hatchability of eggs and lowered liver weights and lipid levels but did not affect the other factors examined.4. It is concluded that vicine which was isolated from faba beans (Vicia faba L.) has a marked influence on the metabolism of the laying hen and only a slight effect on the growing chick. Vicine or its metabolites or both cause peroxidation of cellular components which result in abnormal lipid transport or synthesis or both, increased fragility of erythrocytes, and reduced fertility. These effects are overcome to varying extents by supplemental vitamin E.

Cordycepin Modulates Body Weight by Reducing Prolactin Via an Adenosine A1 Receptor

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (27) ◽  
pp. 3240-3249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Li ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Xueyan Wang ◽  
Hongyue Xu ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Lipid ◽  
Adenosine A1 Receptor ◽  
Gh3 Cells ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Adenosine A1 ◽  
A1 Receptor

Background: Cordycepin is an extract from the insect fungus Cordyceps. militaris with various biological function. In previous studies, cordycepin has demonstrated an excellent anti-obesity effect, but the mechanism is unclear. It was also demonstrated that prolactin played an important role in body weight regulation and hyperprolactinemia can promote appetite and accelerate fat deposition. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism of the anti-obesity effect of cordycepin. Methods: In Vivo, the obese rat model was induced by high fat diet for five weeks, and the serum and liver lipid levels coupled with the serum prolactin levels were reduced following cordycepin treatment (P<0.01). Results: The results suggested that cordycepin is a potential drug that lowers blood and liver lipid levels and reduces body weight related to prolactin. Cordycepin also protects adipocytes from enlargement and hepatocytes from lipotoxicity-induced inflammation. In vitro, cordycepin inhibited prolactin secretion in GH3 cells via upregulating the expression of adenosine A1 receptor, and the inhibition effect was blocked by an antagonist of adenosine receptor A1 DPDPX, demonstrating that cordycepin may work as an adenosine agonist. Additionally, cordycepin inhibited the ERK/AKT/PI3K pathway in GH3 cells. At the same time, cordycepin blocked prolactininduced upregulation of lipogenesis genes PRLR, and phosphorylation of JAK2 in 3T3-L1 cells. In an in vivo study, cordycepin downregulated the expression of prolactin receptor (PRLR) but not the phosphorylation of JAK2. Conclusion: Thus, it was proved that cordycepin modulates body weight by reducing prolactin release via an adenosine A1 receptor.

scholarly journals Prenylcysteine oxidase 1, an emerging player in atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Banfi ◽  
R. Baetta ◽  
S. S. Barbieri ◽  
M. Brioschi ◽  
A. Guarino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions

AbstractThe research into the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis has considerably increased our understanding of the disease complexity, but still many questions remain unanswered, both mechanistically and pharmacologically. Here, we provided evidence that the pro-oxidant enzyme Prenylcysteine Oxidase 1 (PCYOX1), in the human atherosclerotic lesions, is both synthesized locally and transported within the subintimal space by proatherogenic lipoproteins accumulating in the arterial wall during atherogenesis. Further, Pcyox1 deficiency in Apoe-/- mice retards atheroprogression, is associated with decreased features of lesion vulnerability and lower levels of lipid peroxidation, reduces plasma lipid levels and inflammation. PCYOX1 silencing in vitro affects the cellular proteome by influencing multiple functions related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and platelet adhesion. Collectively, these findings identify the pro-oxidant enzyme PCYOX1 as an emerging player in atherogenesis and, therefore, understanding the biology and mechanisms of all functions of this unique enzyme is likely to provide additional therapeutic opportunities in addressing atherosclerosis.

Plasma lipid levels in diabetic children. Effect of diet restricted in cholesterol and saturated fats

Diabetes ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 672-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Kaufmann ◽  
J. Assal ◽  
J. S. Soeldner ◽  
E. G. Wilmshurst ◽  
J. R. Lemaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Saturated Fats ◽  
Diabetic Children

Effect of Supplementation of Multi Enzymes on Production Performance and Egg Quality Traits in White Leghorn Layers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pandian ◽  
A. Sundaresan ◽  
A. V. Omprakash
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation

The present study was conducted to assess the effect of supplementation of Multi-enzymes with lysophospholipids on production performance of pure line White Leghorn layers. Body weights before and after the experiment did not differ significantly across the experimental diets. Irrespective of the dietary treatments, the birds gained 3.83 per cent of live weight relative to its initial body weight. Mean per cent Hen housed egg production was significantly (Pis less than 0.05) higher in diet supplemented with 0.10 MEC-L than other groups. Mean egg weight and average daily feed consumption during 25 to 35 weeks of age indicated no significant effect of enzyme supplementation. Average daily feed consumption per bird in control, 0.05 % and 0.1% multi-enzyme supplemented groups was 108.13, 105.66 and 107.67 g respectively and birds offered control diet recorded numerically more feed intake than enzyme supplemented groups. Comparatively low feed per egg was observed in 0.10 per cent group followed by 0.05 per cent group which offers economic benefits than control diets. However, the egg quality traits between different dietary enzyme supplementation groups showed no significant difference.

scholarly journals High-resolution AP-SMALDI MSI as a tool for drug imaging in Schistosoma mansoni

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika S. Mokosch ◽  
Stefanie Gerbig ◽  
Christoph G. Grevelding ◽  
Simone Haeberlein ◽  
Bernhard Spengler
Keyword(s):  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Parasitic Flatworm ◽  
Paired Female ◽  
First Time ◽  
Organ Tropism

AbstractSchistosoma mansoni is a parasitic flatworm causing schistosomiasis, an infectious disease affecting several hundred million people worldwide. Schistosomes live dioeciously, and upon pairing with the male, the female starts massive egg production, which causes pathology. Praziquantel (PZQ) is the only drug used, but it has an inherent risk of resistance development. Therefore, alternatives are needed. In the context of drug repurposing, the cancer drug imatinib was tested, showing high efficacy against S. mansoni in vitro. Besides the gonads, imatinib mainly affected the integrity of the intestine in males and females. In this study, we investigated the potential uptake and distribution of imatinib in adult schistosomes including its distribution kinetics. To this end, we applied for the first time atmospheric-pressure scanning microprobe matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AP-SMALDI MSI) for drug imaging in paired S. mansoni. Our results indicate that imatinib was present in the esophagus and intestine of the male as early as 20 min after in vitro exposure, suggesting an oral uptake route. After one hour, the drug was also found inside the paired female. The detection of the main metabolite, N-desmethyl imatinib, indicated metabolization of the drug. Additionally, a marker signal for the female ovary was successfully applied to facilitate further conclusions regarding organ tropism of imatinib. Our results demonstrate that AP-SMALDI MSI is a useful method to study the uptake, tissue distribution, and metabolization of imatinib in S. mansoni. The results suggest using AP-SMALDI MSI also for investigating other antiparasitic compounds and their metabolites in schistosomes and other parasites. Graphical abstract

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