EFFECTS OF DIETARY PROPIONIC ACID ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS OF PIGS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH SOYBEAN MEAL OR CANOLA MEAL

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. THACKER ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

Sixty-four crossbred pigs averaging 24 kg liveweight at allotment were used to study the effects of dietary propionic acid (PA) on cholesterol metabolism. Isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were based on either barley-soybean meal or barley-canola meal and contained either 0, 3, 6 or 9% PA. Inclusion of PA significantly reduced the levels of total serum cholesterol, associated entirely with a reduction in the high density lipoprotein fraction. There was a slight increase in the lipid content of both hearts and livers due to PA inclusion; hearts showed slight elevations in triglycerides, and livers had slightly elevated cholesterol and phospholipid levels. Pigs fed diets supplemented with soybean meal had lower levels of serum calcium, higher serum urea nitrogen, lower total serum cholesterol, lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol and lower circulating triglycerides compared with those fed canola meal. Hearts from pigs fed soybean meal appeared to have higher levels of total lipid, indicated by increases in triglycerides and phospholipids. There were no differences in lipid composition of livers due to source of protein supplement.

Effect of serum lipoprotein(a) on estimation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by the Friedewald formula

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
K M Li ◽  
D E Wilcken ◽  
N P Dudman
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Friedewald Formula

Abstract The calculation of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by the Friedewald formula does not account for the cholesterol associated with lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. To quantify the contribution of Lp(a) cholesterol to total serum cholesterol, we measured concentrations of serum Lp(a) by an ELISA and concentrations of other serum lipids and lipoproteins by standard assays in 23 normolipemic women, ages 50-60 years. In measuring serum high-density lipoprotein we found that polyethylene glycol 6000 precipitated > 99.8% of all Lp(a). When serum Lp(a) concentrations were < or = 300 mg/L, 301-600 mg/L, and > 600 mg/L, the uncorrected serum LDL-C was overestimated, respectively, by a mean of 4.1% (n = 7), 8.5% (n = 8), and 21.4% (n = 8). Serum Lp(a) concentrations were positively correlated with percentage overestimation (P < 0.001), but were not correlated with either corrected or uncorrected serum LDL-C. We conclude that the Friedewald formula should be modified to take into account the contribution of Lp(a) cholesterol to total serum cholesterol.

scholarly journals Evaluation of some biochemical changes in the serum of phensedyl addicts of Gaibandha District, Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Md Rashidul Hasan ◽  
Parvez Hassan ◽  
Md Abdul Jalil Miah
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
P Value

Context: Abuse of the drug, Phensedyl like any other drug might exert adverse effects on vital organs of th e h u m an body like liver, kidney and heart. Objectives: To determine the effects of Phensedyl intake on the serum biochemical parameters of the addicts in order to access for damages of vital human organs like liver, kidney and heart. Materials and Methods: Study population consisted of 127 male Phensedyl addicts within the ages of 18–55 years of defined criteria from Gaibandha district, a Northern part of Bangladesh, during July 2009 to December 2011. Fifty (50) non-drug dependent healthy men of matched age, height, and socioeconomic status were included as controls from the same community. Biochemical parameters analyzed were – Serum creatinine, SGOT, SGPT and Lipid profiles (total serum cholesterol (TC), Serum triglyceride (TG), serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol determined by semiautomatic biochemistry analyzer using commercially available kits Results: Abuse of Phensedyl appears not to hamper the normal renal and liver function in most of the addicts even after 8 years of Phensedyl intake irrespective of age except in case of 4 abusers. Serum total cholesterol (TC) remained almost unchanged among the addicts abusing Phensedyl for less than 8 years. But very strikingly, addicts taking Phensedyl for more than 8 years had higher trends in serum cholesterol i.e. more than 200 ml/dl. Of the addict’s, 44.36% abusing Phensedyl for less than 8 years had normal triglyceride (TG) values whereas, in 45.66% addicts abusing the drug for more than 8 years had clinically very significantly elevated triglyceride levels, which was also found to be statistically very significant (p value =0.0001), indicating the risk of developing cardiac diseases. Of the total addicts 53.53% had low levels of HDL cholesterol, which is clinically and statistically found to be very significant (p value =0.002). Of the addict’s 43% taking the drug for less than 8 years had normal LDL levels but significantly elevated values were recorded in 34% of the abusers who had been taking the drug for more than 8 years. Conclusion: Long time (> 8 years) Phensedyl abusers are at the high risk of developing Brain stroke, Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), Ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) as there is the triad of: Elevated LDL cholesterol, Low HDL cholesterol and elevated Triglyceride. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v20i0.17656 J. bio-sci. 20: 57-65, 2012

Tracking of Serum Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Levels From the First Year of Life

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-954
Author(s):  
Markku J. T. Kallio ◽  
Leena Salmenperä ◽  
Martti A. Siimes ◽  
Jaakko Perheentupa ◽  
Tatu A. Miettinen
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
First Year ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
First Year Of Life

Objective. To examine the development of tracking of serum cholesterol concentration from birth to childhood. Design. In a longitudinal study of healthy children, concentrations of total serum cholesterol and triglyceride were determined at birth (n = 193); at 2 (n = 192), 4 (n = 192), 6 (n = 190), 7.5 (n = 118), 9 (n = 188), and 12 months (n = 196); and at 5 years of age (n = 162). Concentrations of cholesterol—very-low-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein-2 (HDL2), and HDL3—were determined at 2, 6, 9, and 12 months (n = 36) and at 5 years (n = 162). Results. The correlation coefficients of total cholesterol levels during the first year of life with the level at 5 years of age were as follows: at birth .04, at 2 months .36 (P < .001), at 4 months .26 (P < .001), at 6 months .28 (P < .001), at 7.5 months .25 (P < .001), at 9 months .35 (P < .001), and at 12 months .48 (P < .001). The correlation for exclusively breast-fed children between 6 months and 5 years of age was r = .37, P < .001, while that for children receiving partially breast milk, formula, or solid foods was r = .12, P = not significant (NS), and between 9 months and 5 years r = .38, P < .01, and r = .28, P < .05, respectively. The correlation coefficients of the lipoprotein levels between ages 12 months and 5 years were as follows: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol .58 (P < .001), total HDL cholesterol .30 (P < .05), HDL2 cholesterol .34 (P < .05), HDL3 cholesterol .17 (P = NS), very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol .24 (P = NS), total triglyceride .37 (P < .05), and triglyceride-very-low-density lipoprotein .37 (P < .05). Of the children whose total serum cholesterol level was above the 90th percentile at birth, or at 2, 4, 6, 7.5, 9, or 12 months, 6%, 35%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 33%, and 45%, respectively, were above the 90th percentile at 5 years of age. In retrospect, 45% of the children whose serum cholesterol level was above the 90th percentile at 5 years were above the 90th percentile at the age of 12 months and 80% were in the highest quartile. Conclusions. The results indicate that tracking of serum cholesterol concentration during the first year of life is stronger when examining children who are receiving a relatively homogenous diet, such as exclusive breast-feeding, and weaker as children are weaned to formula and solid foods. After the weaning process is completed, children's relative serum cholesterol levels have become established and the tracking of serum cholesterol is of the same magnitude as for older children and adolescents.

Activity of low-density lipoprotein receptors as estimated from concentrations of apolipoprotein B and C-II in serum.

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2224-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ito ◽  
C Naito ◽  
H Hayashi ◽  
M Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Receptor Activity ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Apo E

Abstract The correlation between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity and concentrations of lipids and apolipoproteins in serum was examined in 12 subjects with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and in four with non-FH type II hyperlipoproteinemia. Concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and of apolipoproteins (apo) A-I, C-II, and C-III were significantly positively correlated with LDL receptor activity, whereas LDL receptor activity was significantly inversely correlated with LDL cholesterol and apo B concentrations, and with apo ratios B/A-I and B/A-II. Neither total serum cholesterol, triglyceride, phospholipid, apo A-I, nor apo E concentrations correlated significantly with LDL receptor activity. Multiple regression analysis, with LDL receptor activity as the dependent variable, revealed concentrations of apo B and apo C-II to be the principal determinant factors. To confirm this, we subsequently calculated the LDL receptor activities before and after administration of CS-514, an inhibitor of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (EC 1.1.1.88), which increases the hepatic LDL receptor activity and decreases the concentration of cholesterol in serum. This drug increased calculated LDL receptor activities significantly, with a significant decrease in serum cholesterol.

A BRIEF COMMUNICATION

2007 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1222-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Šošic-Jurjević ◽  
Branko Filipović ◽  
Vladimir Ajdžanović ◽  
Dejan Brkić ◽  
Nataša Ristić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Estradiol Treatment ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Higher Doses

Nutritional supplements containing soybean phytoestrogens, the isoflavones genistein (G) and daidzein (D), are increasingly used as alternative therapy for osteoporosis, cancer, and cardiovascular and other diseases with a frequency that increases with advancing age. In this study we examined the effects of subcutaneous administration of either G or D on serum lipid levels in orchidectomized (Orx) and intact (IA) middle-aged male rats, which are experimental models of andropause. Sixteen-month-old Wistar rats were treated with 10 mg/kg and 30mg/kg of either G or D. The control groups received testosterone, estradiol, or vehicle for 3 weeks, after which the total serum cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and total triglycerides (TT) were measured. Compared with the matching vehicle-treated controls, the higher doses of G and D and testosterone treatment significantly ( P < 0.05) lowered the TC and lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The greatest effect was observed regarding LDL-C in both Orx and IA males after G and D treatments, in which LDL-C decreased by more than 30%. The lower isoflavone doses induced a significant cholesterol-lowering effect ( P < 0.05) only in the Orx group. Like the estradiol treatment, the higher doses of G and D increased the TT levels in both rat models by more than 50% ( P < 0.05). The lower doses of isoflavones increased TT only in the Orx group. In male middle-aged rats, injections of higher doses of G and D decreased the serum cholesterol levels, as did testosterone injection, and brought about an increase in serum triglycerides similar to that observed after estradiol treatment.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B12 ON SERUM LIPIDS AND LIPOPROTEINS OF PIGS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH PROPIONIC ACID OR CALCIUM PROPIONATE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. THACKER ◽  
J.P. BOWLAND ◽  
M. FENTON
Keyword(s):  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Calcium Propionate ◽  
Lipids And Lipoproteins

Effects of vitamin B12 supplementation of diets containing propionic acid (PA), or calcium propionate (CP) on feed intake, serum lipids and lipoproteins were studied utilizing 80 crossbred pigs averaging 22.5 kg. Diets, based on barley-soybean meal, containing 0, 3.5 or 7% PA or CP, were fed with and without the addition of 4.95 mg vitamin B12/kg diet. Inclusion of PA or CP with or without the addition of vitamin B12 had no significant effect on feed intake. Addition of PA or CP depressed serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and serum triglycerides. Vitamin B12 supplementation had no effect on serum total cholesterol or HDL cholesterol, caused a reduction in LDL cholesterol, and tended to overcome the reduction in serum triglyceride. Supplementation of diets with vitamin B12 reduced liver lipid levels, largely as a result of a decrease in cholesterol and phospholipids. These data suggest that the cholesterol-lowering effect of PA is not simply a result of a depression in feed intake, but arises from a direct action of PA on cholesterol metabolism. Key words: Vitamin B12, lipids, lipo protein, pigs, propionic, propionate

Enzyme Induction and Serum and Lipoprotein Lipids: A Study of Glutethimide in Normal Subjects

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 419-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Bolton ◽  
LYN Jackson ◽  
C. J. C. Roberts ◽  
M. Hartog
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Induction ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Acid Excretion ◽  
Glucaric Acid

1. Serum and lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were measured before, during and after the administration of glutethimide (500 mg daily) for 21 days to six healthy volunteer subjects. 2. Evidence of enzyme induction was provided by significant rises in d-glucaric acid excretion and antipyrine clearance. 3. Concentrations of total serum cholesterol, very-low-density-lipoprotein-, low-density-lipoprotein-and high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol rose significantly during treatment. 4. The time course of these changes was delayed in comparison with the rise and fall in d-glucaric acid excretion. 5. There was no change in the triglyceride content of either whole serum or lipoprotein fractions at any time during the trial. 6. The study provides further evidence that enzyme-inducing agents cause a rise in certain lipid concentrations.

scholarly journals Alagille Syndrome: Resolution of Xanthomas

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-190
Author(s):  
NJ Leonard ◽  
V Dias ◽  
HG Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Stenosis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Alagille Syndrome ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Total Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Autosomal Dominant Disorder ◽  
Chronic Cholestasis ◽  
Peripheral Pulmonary Stenosis

Alagille syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by chronic cholestasis due to paucity of intrahepatic biliary ducts, characteristic facies, peripheral pulmonary stenosis, ocular posterior embryotoxon and skeletal abnormalities. Very little information is available on the cholestatic, lipid and lipoprotein profiles in individuals with Alagille syndrome. The course of xanthomatosis and the lipid-lipoprotein profile of a 15-year-old male with incomplete Alagille syndrome with marked xanthomatosis and extremely elevated cholesterols secondary to cholestasis is reported. He showed gradual resolution of xanthomas beginning at age 12 years with a concurrent reduction in his total serum cholesterol. The lipid studies showed that the majority of cholesterol was found in low density lipoprotein (LDL) with lesser amounts in lipoprotein (Lp)-X, a lipoprotein precursor complex seen in patients with cholestasis, and high density lipoprotein (HDL). With resolution of xanthomas, LDL and Lp-X decreased while HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I increased. Gamma glutamyltransferase and bilirubin decreased but remained 15- and threefold elevated, respectively.

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